1、Designation:D438020Standard Test Method forDetermining Density of Construction Slurries1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4380;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the densityof slurries used in slurry construction techniques,such as thoseused to drill borings,maintai
3、n trench stability,perform groundimprovement,and form hydraulic barriers.This test method ismodified from API Recommended Practice 13B.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard
4、.Reporting oftest results in units other than SI shall not be regarded asnonconformance with this standard.1.2.1 Note that unitless specific gravity is equivalent to SIdensity in g/cm3.1.2.2 It is common practice in the engineering/constructionprofession to concurrently use pounds to represent both
5、a unitof mass(lbm)and of force(lbf).This practice implicitlycombines two separate systems of units;the absolute and thegravitational systems.It is scientifically undesirable to com-bine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within asingle standard.As stated,this standard includes the grav
6、ita-tional system of inch-pound units and does not use/present theslug unit of mass.However,the use of balances and scalesrecording pounds of mass(lbm)or recording density in lbm/ft3shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
7、guidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026,unless superseded by this test method.1.3.1 For purposes of comparing a measured or calculatedvalue(s)with specified limits,the measured or calculatedvalue(s)shall be rounded to the nearest decimal of significantdigits in th
8、e specified limit.1.3.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in the standard are regarded as theindustry standard.In addition,they are representative of thesignificant digits that generally should be retained.The proce-dures used do not consider material varia
9、tion,purpose forobtaining the data,special purpose studies,or any consider-ations for the users objectives;and it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scopeof this standard to consider significant dig
10、its used in analysismethods for engineering design.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applic
11、ability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the
12、 World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Desig
13、n and ConstructionD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalData2.2 American Petroleum Institute(API)Standard:API RP 13B Recommended Practice Standard Procedure forTesting Drilling Fluids(Section 1)33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in
14、 thisstandard,refer to Terminology D653.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The mass of a fixed volume of the slurry is measuredusing a mechanical balance.The weight of the slurry is1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommit
15、tee D18.16 on Grouting.Current edition approved Nov.1,2020.Published November 2020.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D438012.DOI:10.1520/D4380-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.F
16、or Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Petroleum Institute(API),1220 L.St.,NW,Washington,DC 20005-4070,http:/www.api.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on sta