1、Designation:D355614Standard Guide forDeposition on Glassware During Mechanical Dishwashing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3556;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number i
2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers a procedure for measuring perfor-mance of a mechanical dishwashing detergent in terms of thebuildup of spots and film on glasswar
3、e.It is designed toevaluate household automatic dishwasher detergents but can beused as a screening test for institutional and commercialdishwashing products.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of
4、this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Summary of Test Method2.1 Glass tumblers are given multiple washes in a mechani-cal dishwasher in the presence of food soil and the levels ofspotting and film
5、ing allowed by the detergents under test arecompared visually.3.Significance and Use3.1 This test method is intended as a laboratory screeningtest to determine performance of the detergent under actual useconditions,but will not necessarily predict performance underall end-use conditions.4.Apparatus
6、4.1 Automatic Dishwasher(s)Typical household machinesshould be selected.If more than one machine is required,pairswith consecutive production numbers are recommended.Forfurther refinement,two or more pairs of differing makes,models,or ages(pair to pair)may be used.4.2 Clear Undecorated Glass Tumbler
7、s,from 8 to 15 permachine,a larger number being used if it is planned to removeone tumbler at intervals throughout the test(see Section 6).Tentumblers simplify scoring.4.2.1 Before each use,even if new,the glass tumblers maybe cleaned in a machine,first in a 1%solution of citric acidand then with a
8、household automatic dishwashing detergent atthe manufacturers recommended use level,each in a normalwash cycle.Use deionized or distilled water for the rinsesduring this cleaning procedure.Do not use the drying cycle ofthe machine until the tumblers appear to be free of soil or film.No“water break”(
9、droplet formation)should be evident whenthe tumblers have been rinsed.Any other procedure(such ashand washing and polishing)which yields tumblers that arespot-and film-free may be used.4.3 Standard Tableware(Note 2)(optional,see Section 6):4.3.1 Suggested tableware is as follows,Dinner plates,10-in.
10、diameter,Salad plates,7-in.diameter,Cereal bowls,6-in.diameter,Saucers,6-in.diameter,and Cutlery,stainlesssteel.NOTE1A mixture of china and plastic dishes is recommended but isnot essential;any standard quality type of dishware is satisfactory.4.3.2 For each machine used,six dinner plates,six knives
11、,six forks,and six spoons are required,plus optionally enoughof the other dishes to fill the lower rack of each machine(seeSection 6).4.4 Light Box for Visual Evaluation of TumblersA typicallight box is rectangular,open to the front,and has dead blackinside surfaces.It is large enough to hold up to
12、15 tumblers sideby side.Fluorescent lights are mounted in the base of the boxin such a manner that light passes up through the tumblers.Itis preferable to have the light come only through the tumblersand have the area surrounding them blocked out by suitablemeans.5.Materials and Manufacture5.1 Stand
13、ard Food Soil Components:2nonfat powderedmilk,margarine,and wheat-based cooked cereal(optional).5.2 Standard Food Soil PreparationA mixture of 80weight%of margarine and 20 weight%of powdered milk isprepared.The margarine is warmed until fluid(not over 100F(37.8C)and the powdered milk is sifted in an
14、d mixedthoroughly.The mixture should be refrigerated when not in useand not kept more than 2 weeks.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soaps andOther Detergents,and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.16 on HardSurface Cleaning.Current edition approved Nov.1,2
15、014.Published December 2014.Originallyapproved in 1976 as D355676 T.Last previous edition approved in 2009 asD355685(2009).DOI:10.1520/D3556-14.2Any commercial brand of these items is satisfactory.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United S
16、tates1 5.3 Optional Food Soil PreparationThis mixture consistsof 70%margarine,15%powdered milk,and 15%cookedcereal.The cooked cereal is separately prepared as follows:Add 45 g of cereal to 228 g of water,heat to boiling,and boilfor 5 min.Dissolve 100 g of powdered milk in 500 g of waterand stir this solution into the cooked cereal.Continue stirringas portions are removed to be combined with margarine andpowdered milk that have been blended as in 5.2.This mixtureshould be made up as required.(Use