1、Designation:D3161/D3161M20Standard Test Method forWind Resistance of Steep Slope Roofing Products(Fan-Induced Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3161/D3161M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,th
2、e year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the
3、procedure for evaluatingthe wind resistance of many discontinuous,air permeable,steep slope roofing products that results from the productsrigidity,with or without contribution from sealant to help holddown the leading edge of the tabs,or mechanical interlocking,with or without contribution from sea
4、lant to help hold down theleading edge of the tabs,or any combination thereof.Theproducts are applied to a test panel in accordance with themanufacturers instructions and tested at a 2:12(17%)slope,or at the lowest slope permitted by those instructions.1.2 This method evaluates wind resistance using
5、 a fan-induced procedure,delivering a stream of air across theexposed surface of the test specimens.This method does notmeasure structural performance,and does not provide a mea-sure of uplift resistance.Consequently,this method is notapplicable to continuous,non-permeable roof systems or cov-erings
6、(such as membranes or mechanically seamed metal roofpanels).1.3 This test method was formerly titled“Wind Resistanceof Asphalt Shingles(Fan-Induced Method)”but was revised toacknowledge that the method is applicable to many other steepslope roofing products and has been used to evaluate the windresi
7、stance of those products for many years by several testingand certification laboratories.Steep slope roofing products thatfall under the scope of this test method,in addition to asphaltshingles,are polymer-based shingles,fiber-cement shingles,concrete tiles,clay tiles,metal shingles,and photovoltaic
8、shingles.1.4 This test method is limited to steep slope roofingproduct applied with a maximum exposure of 410 mm 16 in.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsyst
9、em shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appr
10、o-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDeve
11、lopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingE230/E230M Specification for Temperature-ElectromotiveForce(
12、emf)Tables for Standardized Thermocouples3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D1079.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 sealas it relates to steep slope roofing products,isthe bonding that results from the use of seala
13、nt.3.2.2 sealantas it relates to steep slope roofing products,isdefined as factory-applied or field-applied material designed tohelp hold down the leading edge of the tabs.3.2.3 sealedthe condition of the products after they aresubjected to the conditioning procedure described in 8.2.3.2.4 steep slo
14、pe roofing product,na unit having a maxi-mum width of 1321 mm 52 in.and a maximum exposure of1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on SteepRoofing Products and Assemblies.Current edition ap
15、proved May 1,2020.Published May 2020.Originallyapproved in 1972.Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D3161/D3161M 19a.DOI:10.1520/D3161_D3161M-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandard
16、s volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Com