1、Designation:D365116Standard Test Method forBarium in Brackish Water,Seawater,and Brines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3651;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of solublebarium ion in brackish water,sea-water,and brines by atomicabsorption spectrophotometry.1.2 The a
3、ctual working range of this test method is 1 to 5mg/L barium.1.3 This test method was used successfully on artificialbrine samples.It is the users responsibility to ensure thevalidity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.
4、The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversion to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this st
5、andard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bia
6、s ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD4691 Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by FlameAtomic Absorption SpectrophotometryD4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for WaterSamples Containing Organic and Inorganic Consti
7、tuentsD5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous SamplesD5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer toTerminology D1129.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test met
8、hod3,4is dependent upon the fact thatmetallic atoms,in the ground state,will absorb light of thesame wavelength they emit when excited.When radiation froma given excited element is passed through a flame containingground state atoms of that element,the intensity of thetransmitted radiation will decr
9、ease in proportion to the amountof the ground state element in the flame.A hollow-cathodelamp whose cathode is made of the element to be determinedprovides the radiation.4.2 The metal atoms5,6to be measured are placed in thebeam of radiation by aspirating the specimen into an oxidant-fuel flame.A mo
10、nochromator isolates the characteristic radia-tion from the hollow-cathode lamp and a photosensitive devicemeasures the attenuated transmitted radiation.4.3 Since the variable and sometimes high concentrations ofmatrix materials in the waters and brines affect absorptiondifferently,it becomes impera
11、tive to prepare standard sampleswith matrices similar to the unknown samples.This is accom-plished by preparing synthetic standard samples with similarcompositions as the unknowns.The standard samples andunknown samples are aspirated,the absorption readingsrecorded,a calibration curve for the standa
12、rd samplesconstructed,and the original sample concentration calculated.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituentsin Water.Current edition approved June 1,2016.Published June 2016.Original
13、lyapproved in 1978.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3651 11.DOI:10.1520/D3651-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary
14、 page onthe ASTM website.3Fletcher,G.F.,and Collins,A.G.,Atomic Absorption Methods of Analysis ofOil Field Brines:Barium,Calcium,Copper,Iron,Lead,Lithium,Magnesium,Manganese,Potassium,Sodium,Strontium,and Zinc,U.S.Bureau of Mines,Reportof Investigations 7861,1974,14 pp.4Collins,A.G.,Geochemistry of
15、Oil Field Waters,Elsevier Publishing Co.,Amsterdam,The Netherlands,1974.5Angino,E.E.,and Billings,G.K.,Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry inGeology,Elsevier Publishing Co.,New York,NY,1967.6Dean,J.A.,and Rains,T.C.,Editors,Flame Emission and Atomic AbsorptionSpectrophotometry,Volume 1,Theory,1969,V
16、olume 2,Components,1971,andVolume 3,Elements and Matrices,1975,Marcel Dekker,New York,NY.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Significance and Use5.1 Since water containing acid-soluble barium compoundsis known to be toxic,this test method serves the useful purposeof determining the barium in brackish water,seawater,andbrines.6.Interferences6.1 Ionization in