1、Designation:D291/D291M20Standard Test Method forBulk Density of Crushed Bituminous Coal1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D291/D291M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number
2、 in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers two procedures for determiningthe bulk density of crushed coal less than 37.5 mm 1.5 in.insize,such as is charged into c
3、oke ovens,as follows:1.1.1 Procedure AThe cone procedure for determining anuncompacted bulk density.1.1.1.1 Standard MethodProcedure employs the use of a115 mm 4.5 in.chute opening and a measuring box havingdimensions of 305 mm x 305 mm x 305 mm 12.0 in.x 12.0 in.x 12.0 in.1.1.1.2 Alternate MethodPr
4、ocedure employs the use of a203 mm 8.0 in.chute opening and a measuring box havingdimensions of 203 mm x 203 mm x 305 mm 8.0 in.x 8.0 in.x12.0 in.for coals with a total moisture greater than 7%.1.1.2 Procedure BThe dropped-coal procedure for deter-mining a compacted bulk density,comparable to actual
5、 bulkdensities attained in coke ovens.1.2 This test method is not applicable to the testing ofpowdered coal as used in boiler plants,nor to the determinationof the bulk density of coal in storage piles.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as
6、 standard.Thevalues stated in each system are not necessarily exact equiva-lents;therefore,to ensure conformance with the standard,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other,and valuesfrom the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety c
7、oncerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with in
8、ternationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D440 T
9、est Method of Drop Shatter Test for CoalD2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sampleof CoalD3038 Test Method for Drop Shatter Test for CokeD3302/D3302M Test Method for Total Moisture in CoalD4749 Test Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis ofCoal and Designating Coal Size3.Significance a
10、nd Use3.1 This test method concerns the compaction of crushedcoal to determine either its compacted or uncompacted bulkdensity,for purposes such as charging coke ovens.PROCEDURE ACONE PROCEDURE FORUNCOMPACTED BULK DENSITY4.Apparatus4.1 Measuring Box:4.1.1 Standard Method,of rigid construction,having
11、 insidedimensions of 305 mm x 305 mm x 305 mm 12.0 in.x 12.0 in.x 12.0 in.,and a volume of 0.02873 m36 0.00008 m31.000 ft36.003 ft3.The exact volume of the box shall bedetermined by water calibration.4.1.2 Alternate Method,of rigid construction,having theinside dimensions of 203 mm x 203 mm x 305 mm
12、 8.0 in.x8.0 in.x 12.0 in.,and a volume of 0.01257 m36.00003 m30.4444 ft36 0.0012 ft3.The exact volume of the box shall bedetermined by water calibration.4.2 Cone:4.2.1 Standard Method,conforming to Fig.1 for filling themeasuring box.This cone shall be 610 mm 24.0 in.high and510 mm 20.0 in.in inside
13、 diameter at the top,with a circularopening 115 mm 4.5 in.in diameter at the bottom.A slidevalve consisting of a sliding-plate shutter and its supports shallbe welded to the bottom of the cone in such a manner that thevalve may be opened and closed with ease by removing orinserting the shutter in it
14、s supporting slides.The cone shall be1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coaland Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.15 on MetallurgicalProperties of Coal and Coke.Current edition approved Nov.1,2020.Published January 2021.Originallyapproved in
15、1927.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D291 07(2012).DOI:10.1520/D0291_D0291M-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary p
16、age onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1supported in a tripod frame having a circular opening