1、Designation:D 2271 94(Reapproved 1999)e1An American National StandardStandard Test Method forPreliminary Examination of Hydraulic Fluids(Wear Test)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2271;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in
2、 the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a constant volume high-pressure vane pump test procedure for ind
3、icating the wearpreventative characteristics of petroleum and non-petroleumhydraulic fluids.1.2 The values stated in either acceptable metric units or inother units shall be regarded separately as standard.The valuesstated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each system must be use
4、d independently of the other,withoutcombining values in any way.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5、bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazardstatements,see 7.1.3,7.2.4,and 8.1.10.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 2882 Test Method for Indicating the Wear Characteristicsof Petroleum and Non-Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in aConstant Volume Vane Pump23.Summary of Test Me
6、thod3.1 A hydraulic fluid is circulated through a rotary vanepump system for 1000 h at a pump speed of 1200 6 60 r/minand a pump outlet pressure of 6.90 6 0.14 MPa(1000 6 20psig).Fluid temperature at the pump inlet is 66 6 3C(150 65F)for all water glycols,emulsions,and other watercontain-ing fluids
7、and for petroleum and synthetic fluids with 40C(104F)viscosities of 46 mm2/s(213 SUS)or less.A tempera-ture of 79C(175F)is used for all other synthetic andpetroleum fluids.The result obtained is the total cam ring andvane weight losses during the test.3.2 Fluid VolumeThe volume of fluid in the test
8、systemshall not be limited but shall be as small as practical in orderthat the period required for a complete fluid-cycle through thepump,equal toT 5 V/P(1)where:T5 recirculation time,min,V5 total volume,liters(gal),andP5 pump delivery,liters/min(gal/min)(shall be not lessthan 1 nor more than 1.5 mi
9、n under operating condi-tions).4.Significance and Use4.1 The weight loss obtained from the use of this testmethod is an indicator of the wear preventative characteristicsof petroleum and non-petroleum hydraulic fluids operating in aconstant volume vane pump.Excessive wear in vane pumpscan lead to ma
10、lfunction of hydraulic systems in criticalapplications.5.Apparatus5.1 The basic system3is similar to that which is described inTest Method D 2882 and is shown in Fig.1.The following aredescriptions of the basic system components.5.1.1 Power System,capability of 11 kw(15 hp)is sug-gested as a minimum
11、 requirement.5.1.2 Vane Pump,rotary,replacement cartridge type4(Vick-ers 104 or 105C rated at 28.4 L/min(7.5 gal/min)flow at 1200r/min,49C(120F),and 6.89 MPa(1000 psig).5.1.2.1 There is to be no modification to the pump housingsuch as plugging the drain hole in the pump body or drillingand tapping a
12、 hole in the head for an external drain.5.1.3 Reservoir,equipped with a removable 60-mesh stain-less steel finger screen in its outlet.See 3.2 for system volumerequirements.NOTE1A tight-fitting stainless steel lid and a 6-mm(14-in.)vent isrecommended.When an acrylic lid is used,compatibility problem
13、s withsome non-petroleum fluids can occur.NOTE2Afinger screen having a diameter of 76 mm(3 in.)and heightof 54 mm(2.5 in.)has been found to be satisfactory.5.1.3.1 The reservoir can be square or rectangular(with aflat bottom)or cylindrical(with a spherical or a cone-shapedbottom)and must be designed
14、 so as to avoid air entrainment inthe fluid.The use of stainless steel is required to avoid surfacerusting in the vapor space area.When using a stainless steel lid,1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of
15、 SubcommitteeD02.Non Hydraulic Fluids.Current edition approved Apr.15,1994.Published June 1994.Originallypublished as D 2271 64 T.Last previous edition D 2271 86.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.02.3A list of test equipment can be attained from ASTM.4Order replacement pump cartridge kits(Vicker
16、s Part No.429126).Theindividual parts for the pump cartridge can be purchased separately,if desired.TheVickers part numbers for these items are:Cam Ring No.2013,Rotor No.429446 or2008,Bronze Bushings No.2015/2016,and Vane Kit(12 vanes)No.912021.1Copyright ASTM,100 Barr Harbor Drive,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.it should not be fastened in place until the fluid is visiblydeaerated(1.1.13).The use of a filter on the vent is optional.5.1.4 Outlet Pressure Control Valve.55.1.5 Tempe