1、Designation:D361805(Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forDetection of Lead in Paint and Dried Paint Films1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3618;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last r
2、evision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method is intended as a screening test todetermine if the solids in a paint contain more than 0.5%lead.The test describ
3、ed barely detects the presence of 0.4%butgives a definite positive result at the 0.5%level.NOTE1This test method may be used to detect the presence of leadat concentrations higher or lower than 0.5%by making appropriatechanges in the specimen size and reagent quantities specified.1.2 The values stat
4、ed in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 Paints giving an unexpected positive or questionableresult should be analyzed quantitatively for lead,using TestMethod D3335.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety conc
5、erns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazardstatements are given in Section 7.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stand
6、ards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2832 Guide for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Con-tent of Paint and Related CoatingsD3335 Test Method for Low Concentrations of Lead,Cadmium,and Cobalt in Paint by Atomic AbsorptionSpectroscopy3.Summary of Test Method3.1 The sample of liquid paint or
7、 dried film is prepared bydry ashing a weighed specimen at 475 to 500C.The ash isextracted with hot sodium hydroxide solution and a drop of theextract is transferred to filter paper.Lead present is oxidized tolead peroxide with bromine water,then treated with“tetrabase”to produce a blue quinoidal sa
8、lt.Known amounts of lead areadded to standard paints that are concurrently tested to providea base for comparison.4.Significance and Use4.1 The permissible level of heavy metals in certain coat-ings is specified by governmental regulatory agencies.This testmethod provides a fully documented procedur
9、e for determininglow concentrations of lead present in both water and solvent-reducible coatings to determine compliance.5.Apparatus5.1 Burner,Meker-type.5.2 Crucibles,porcelain,high-form,15-mL,with covers.5.3 Filter Paper,ashless,medium texture.5.4 Hot Plate,with variable surface temperature contro
10、lover the range from 70 to 200C.5.5 Muffle Furnace,maintained at 475 6 25C.5.6 Syringe,glass,2-mL.5.7 Volumetric Flasks,50,100,1000-mL.5.8 Paint Shaker.5.9 Paint Draw-Down Bar.6.Reagents6.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests unless otherwise specified.Unless otherwis
11、eindicated,it is intended that all reagents shall conform to thespecifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,where such specifications areavailable.3Other grades may be used,provided it is firstascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity tope
12、rmit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determi-nation.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Curren
13、t edition approved June 1,2015.Published June 2015.Originallyapproved in 1977.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3618 05(2010).DOI:10.1520/D3618-05R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM
14、Standards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,AmericanChemical Society,Washington,DC.For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society,see Analar Standards f
15、or LaboratoryChemicals,BDH Ltd.,Poole,Dorset,U.K.,and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary,U.S.Pharmacopeial Convention,Inc.(USPC),Rockville,MD.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.2 Purity of WaterUnless othe
16、rwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent grade waterconforming to Type II of Specification D1193.6.3 Acetic Acid,glacial.6.4 Ammonium Hydroxide(1+1)Mix 1 volume of con-centrated ammonium hydroxide(NH4OH,sp gr 0.90)with 1volume of water.6.5 Bromine Water,saturated.6.6 Nitric Acid(sp gr 1.42)Concentrated nitric acid(HNO3).6.7 Lead Standard Stock Solution,Aqueous(1 mg/mL)Dissolve 1.600 g of lead nitrate(Pb(NO3)2)in 100 mLof water,add 2 mL of nitric acid(sp gr 1.42),and