1、Designation:D2014/D2014M19Standard Test Method forExpansion or Contraction of Coal by the Sole-Heated Oven1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2014/D2014M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of l
2、ast revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a large-scale laboratory test forobtaining information on the expansion or contraction of coalor coa
3、l blends during carbonization under specified conditions.This test method is applicable in the examination of coals orcoal blends intended for use in the manufacture of coke.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach
4、 system are not necessarily exact equivalents;therefore,toensure conformance with the standard,each system shall beused independently of the other,and values from the twosystems shall not be combined.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its u
5、se.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles
6、on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a
7、Gross Sampleof CoalD3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal3.Summary of Test Method3.1 During the test,a measured thickness of coal about102 mm 4 in.is heated from the bottom surface while a forcecorresponding to 15.17 kPa 2.20 psi is applied to the topsurface through a piston.At the end of the
8、test,the thickness ofthe coke is measured by observing the final position of thepiston.4.Significance and Use4.1 The values determined in this test method indicate towhat extent a given coal or coal blend will expand or contractduring the carbonization process when evaluated in terms ofpertinent exp
9、erience with other coals and coal blends andprocessing conditions used in commercial-type coke ovens.5.Apparatus5.1 Test Oven Assembly,consisting of the following:eithera single-chamber oven having approximately 280 mm 11 in.width,610 mm 24 in.length,and 280 mm 11 in.depth,or adouble-chambered oven
10、with two chambers each having ap-proximately 280 mm 11 in.width,length,and depth;aheating system to heat the charge(s)unidirectionally throughthe sole according to a controlled program;piston(s)arrangedso that a constant load may be applied to the top surface of thecharge;and suitable instrumentatio
11、n so that appropriate tem-peratures and the position of the piston(s)may be measured.The auxiliary equipment includes apparatus facilitating thecharging of the oven in a standard manner.The verticalpartition of the double-chambered oven may be of 51 mm2 in.firebrick tile or equivalent.5.1.1 Carboniz
12、ation Chamber:5.1.1.1 The sole shall be of silicon carbide tile,about 40 mm1.5 in.thick,305 mm 12 in.wide,and extending approxi-mately 75 mm 3 in.beyond the carbonization chamber at thefront and back.Side,front,and back walls should be 40 mm1.5 in.firebrick tile or equivalent.It is appropriate to ke
13、y thesole to the side and back tiles.The top edges of sidewalls shallbe held in an adjustable steel framework so that the walls maybe made and maintained precisely perpendicular to the sole.Hole(s)6.35 mm 0.25 in.in diameter shall be provided1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commit
14、tee D05 on Coaland Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.15 on MetallurgicalProperties of Coal and Coke.Current edition approved Jan.1,2019.Published February 2019.Originallyapproved in 1962.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2014 97(2010).DOI:10.1520/D2014_D2014M-19.2For
15、 referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Co
16、nshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 through the side of the oven to enable the placement ofthermocouple(s)on the top surface of the sole in the center ofthe oven chamber(s).5.1.1.2 I