1、Designation:D191495(Reapproved 2014)Standard Practice forConversion Units and Factors Relating to Sampling andAnalysis of Atmospheres1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1914;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of re
2、vision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice provides units and factors useful formembers of the air pollution and meteorological commu
3、nities.1.2 This practice is used together with IEEE/ASTM SI-10,which discusses SI units and contains selected conversionfactors for inter-relation of SI units and some commonly usednon-metric units.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmosp
4、heresE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units(SI):The Modern Metric System3.Significance and Use3.1 ASTM requires the use of SI units in all its publicationsand their use in reporting atmospheric measurement
5、data.However,there are historic data and even data currentlyreported that are based on a variety of units of measurement.This practice tabulates factors that are necessary to convertsuch data to SI and other units of measurement.3.2 IEEE/ASTM SI-10 does not list all the conversionfactors commonly us
6、ed in air pollution and meteorologicalfields.This practice supplements IEEE/ASTM SI-10.3.3 The values reported here were obtained from a numberof standard publications.They were adjusted to five figures andorganized in a rational order.All values reflect the latestinformation from the 16th General C
7、onference on Weights andMeasurements held in 1979.3.4 The factors in Table 1 are provided to change units ofmeasurement from one system to related units in other systems,as well as to smaller or larger units in the same system.3.5 Values of units in the left column may be converted tovalues of units
8、 in the right column merely by multiplying bythe conversion factor provided in the center column.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 on Air Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.01 on Quality Control.Current edition approved Sept.1,2014.Published Septe
9、mber 2014.Originallyapproved in 1961.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D1914 95(2010).DOI:10.1520/D1914-95R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the
10、 standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 TABLE 1 Conversion UnitsMultiplyByTo ObtainTemperatureDegrees Fahrenheit(F)+459.721Degrees Fahrenheit Absolute or Rankine(R)Degrees Fahren
11、heit(F)3259Degrees Celsius(C)Degrees Celsius(C)+273.151Kelvins(K)Degrees Celsius(C)+17.781.8Degrees Fahrenheit(F)Degrees Rankine(R)459.721Degrees Fahrenheit(F)Kelvins(K)273.151Degrees Celsius(C)PressureDynes per square centimetre1.4504 10 5Pounds per square inch10.197 10 4Grams per square centimetre
12、1 106Bars0.1PascalsPounds per square inch absolute(psia)70.307Grams per square centimetre absolute51.715Millimetres of mercury absolute144Pounds per square foot absolute1Pounds per square inch gage+14.6966894.8PascalsPounds per square inch gage(psig)70.307Grams per square centimetre51.715Millimetres
13、 of mercury at 0C27.673Inches of water at 4C1Pounds per square inch absolute 14.6966894.8PascalsInches of water(at 4C)0.03614Pounds per square inch0.07355Inches of mercury0.57818Ounces per square inch25.399Kilograms per square metre2490.8Dynes per square centimetre249.2PascalsInches of mercury(at 0C
14、)0.49116Pounds per square inch13.595Inches of water at 4C345.31Kilograms per square metre3.3864 104Dynes per square centimetre3386.4PascalsMillimetres of mercury(at 0C)0.01934Pounds per square inch1.3595Grams per square centimetre1333.2Dynes per square centimetre133.32PascalsCentimetres of mercury(a
15、t 0C)1.3332 104Dynes per square centimetre135.95Kilograms per square metre27.845Pounds per square foot1333.2PascalsAtmosphere(normal)760Millimetres of mercury at 0C1.0133Bars14.696Pounds per square inch29.921Inches of mercury at 0C1033.2Grams per square centimetre1.0133 106Dynes per square centimetr
16、e1.0132 105PascalsBars14.504Pounds per square inch1.0197 104Kilograms per square metre1.000 106Dynes per square centimetre750.06Millimetres of mercury(0C)0.98692Atmospheres105PascalsPascals10Dynes per square centimetre1.4504 104Pounds per square inch absolute4.0128 103Inches of water(at 4C)2.9530 104Inches of mercury(at 0C)7.5007 103Millimetre of mercury(at 0C)9.8692 106Atmosphere(normal)105BarsDensityGrams per cubic centimetre1Grams per millilitre0.03613Pounds per cubic inch8.3452Pounds per gal