1、Designation:D131606(Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Method forFineness of Grind of Printing Inks By the NPIRIGrindometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1316;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year
2、 of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method describes the procedure for determin-ing the fineness of grind of printing inks using a NPIRIGrindome
3、ter.It evaluates the size of the largest particles in afinished dispersion but not average particle size or concentra-tion of sizes.1.2 This test method covers both manual and automaticdrawdowns using an A1 scraper.1.3 This test method is applicable to any dispersion that isfine enough to fall withi
4、n the 025 m range of the specifiedgrind gauge.With a minor variation in procedure,it isapplicable to both paste(nonvolatile)and liquid(volatile)inks.NOTE1The 025 m gauge specified in this test method is similar inprinciple to the 0100 m Hegman gauge described in Test Method D1210and the various gaug
5、es described in ISO 1524:2000.Sieve analysis forconcentration of particles above 45 m is covered in Test Method D2067.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate
6、safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type GageD2067 Test Method for Coarse Particles in Printing InkDispersionsD6
7、846 Practice for Preparing Prints of Paste Printing Inkswith a Printing GageE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 1524:2000 Paints,varnishes and p
8、rinting inks Deter-mination of fineness of grind3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 fineness of grind,na measure of the size andprevalence of oversize particles in a printing ink dispersion.3.1.2 NPIRI grind unit(gu),nthe distance equal to 2.5 mor 0.1 mils on a grin
9、d gauge.3.1.3 scratch,na depression at least 10 mm in length inthe surface of a grind gauge drawdown.3.1.3.1 DiscussionA scratch develops when a particle(oragglomerate)is trapped between the blade and the bottom ofthe path and is drawn along by the blade.3.1.4 speckle,nprotuberance of particles abov
10、e the sur-face of a grind gauge drawdown.3.1.4.1 DiscussionSpeckles occur at gauge depths greaterthan those at which scratches occur and are caused by oversizeparticles that are not hard enough or of the proper size toproduce scratches.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method utilizes a NPIRI Gr
11、indometer havingtwo precision machined grooves each 25.4 mm(1 in.)wide andwith a 025 m(01 mil)taper.The test specimen is drawndown the paths slowly if a nonvolatile(paste)ink,briskly if avolatile(liquid)ink.The drawdowns are examined for the scalereadings at which four and ten scratches appear and a
12、t which apreponderance of speckles disappear.Asingle determination offineness of grind requires readings from four paths and thecomputation of an arithmetical mean.5.Significance and Use5.1 Oversize particles in a printing ink may damage aprinting plate,plug a cell,clog a nozzle and adversely affect
13、 the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.Current edition approved June 1,2011.Published June 2011.Originallyapproved in 1954.Last previous edit
14、ion approved in 2006 as D1316 06.DOI:10.1520/D1316-06R11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Availabl
15、e from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),1,ch.dela Voie-Creuse,Case postale 56,CH-1211,Geneva 20,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.ch.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2
16、959.United States1 appearance of printed ink films.Fineness of grind measure-ments are useful for deciding when to stop the dispersionprocess and for determining if the test material meets specifi-cations as agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.6.Apparatus6.1 NPIRI Grindometer,4consisting of a block of hardenedsteel 25.4 mm in thickness,589 mm in width and 240 mm inlength:see Fig.1.The top surface of the block is precisionmachined so as to contain two paths,each 25.4 mm in width,165