1、Designation:D224320Standard Test Method forFreeze-Thaw Resistance of Water-Borne Coatings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2243;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in
2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating theeffect of
3、 freeze/thaw cycling on the viscosity and visual filmproperties of water-borne coatings.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associate
4、d with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized
5、 principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D523 Test Method for Specular
6、GlossD562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints MeasuringKrebs Unit(KU)Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscom-eterD714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational ViscometerD2244 Practice for Calculatio
7、n of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD2805 Test Method for Hiding Power of Paints by Reflec-tometry3.Summary of Test Method3.1 The water-borne coating is put into at least two pint-size(500-mL)resin-lined cans.One can is stored at roomtemperature,wh
8、ile the other cans are subjected to cycles offreezing and thawing.After cycling,the paint samples areexamined for changes in viscosity and visual film properties.3.2 It is critical that the test cans be undisturbed until theyreach the number of freeze-thaw cycles at which they are to betested.This c
9、ondition simulates actual freeze-thaw behavior ofpaints in the field.4.Significance and Use4.1 When water-borne coatings are shipped during coldweather,they may experience cycles of freezing and thawing.Cycles of freezing and thawing cause more damage to water-borne coatings than when the coatings a
10、re subjected to steadyfreezing.5.Apparatus5.1 Test ChamberA suitable cabinet,room,or enclosurespace large enough to contain the specimens to be testedpermitting at least 25 mm(1 in.)of air space between the sidesof adjacent cans and capable of being maintained continuouslyat a temperature of 18C(0F)
11、.NOTE1Although a variation of the test chamber temperature of 62C(63.5F)is allowed,the test chamber temperature should be maintainedas near 18C(0F)as practicable and the amount of variation should berecorded and reported.5.2 ViscometerA Stormer viscometer with paddle typerotor as described in Test M
12、ethod D562 or a Brookfieldviscometer as described in Test Methods D2196.5.3 Test ChartsSmooth surface paper charts having adja-cent black and white areas,and coated with a suitable varnishor lacquer to render the surface impermeable to paint liquids.5.4 Paint Brush,25 mm(1 in.).5.5 Bar Applicator,wi
13、th a 0.18-mm(7-mil)clearance.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.Current edition approved Dec.1,2020.Published December 2020 Original
14、lyapproved in 1964.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D2243 95(2014).DOI:10.1520/D2243-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document S
15、ummary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles f
16、or theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.16.Preparation of Sample and Specimens6.1 Prepare specimens for testing by filling 500 mL(1-pt)resin-lined,friction-top cans two thirds full.Ensure that thebulk sample from which the cans are filled is well stirred anduniform,that the containers used are clean,and that the lids areapplied promptly to the cans to prevent evaporation losses.Atleas