1、Designation:D1322151An American National StandardDesignation:598/12Standard Test Method forSmoke Point of Kerosine and Aviation Turbine Fuel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1322;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the cas
2、e of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1NOTESubsection 13.2 wa
3、s corrected editorially in August 2015.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers two procedures for determina-tion of the smoke point of kerosine and aviation turbine fuel,amanual procedure and an automated procedure,which giveresults with different precision.1.2 An interlaboratory study was conducted in
4、2012(seeASTM RR:D02-1747 for supporting data)involving 11 manuallaboratories and 13 automated laboratories,with 15 samplestested in blind duplicate.The automated procedure demon-strated objective rating and superior control and should beconsidered the preferred approach.1.3 The values stated in SI u
5、nits are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practi
6、ces and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMe
7、asurement System Performance2.2 Energy Institute Standard:3IP 367 Petroleum products-Determination and applicationof precision data in relation to methods of testIP 598 Petroleum products-Determination of the smokepoint of kerosine,manual and automated methodNOTE1Only IP 598 published in 2012 by the
8、 Institute of Petroleum(now Energy Institute)is equivalent to D1322;IP 57 is not equivalent.3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 aviation turbine fuel,nrefined petroleum distillate,generally used as a fuel for aviation gas turbines.3.1.1.1 DiscussionDifferent grades are characterized byvolatility rang
9、es,freeze point,and by flash point.3.1.2 kerosine,nrefined petroleum distillate,boiling be-tween 140 and 300C,generally used in lighting and heatingapplications.3.1.2.1 DiscussionDifferent grades are characterized byvolatility ranges and sulfur content.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Stand
10、ard:3.2.1 smoke point,nthe maximum height,in millimetres,of a smokeless flame of fuel burned in a wick-fed lamp ofspecified design.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is burned in an enclosed wick-fed lamp thatis calibrated against pure hydrocarbon blends of known smokepoint.The maximum height of
11、 flame that can be achieved withthe test fuel without smoking is determined to the nearest0.5 mm with the manual apparatus and to the nearest 0.1 mmwith the automated apparatus.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides an indication of the relativesmoke producing properties of kerosines an
12、d aviation turbine1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.J0.03 on Combustion and Thermal Properties.Current edition approved April 1,2015.Published June 2015.Originallyappr
13、oved in 1954.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D1322 14a.DOI:10.1520/D1322-15E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary p
14、age onthe ASTM website.3Available from Energy Institute,61 New Cavendish St.,London,WIG 7AR,U.K.,http:/www.energyinst.org.uk.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1
15、fuels in a diffusion flame.The smoke point is related to thehydrocarbon type composition of such fuels.Generally themore aromatic the fuel the smokier the flame.A high smokepoint indicates a fuel of low smoke producing tendency.5.2 The smoke point is quantitatively related to the potentialradiant he
16、at transfer from the combustion products of the fuel.Because radiant heat transfer exerts a strong influence on themetal temperature of combustor liners and other hot sectionparts of gas turbines,the smoke point provides a basis forcorrelation of fuel characteristics with the life of these com-ponents.6.Apparatus6.1 Smoke Point Lamp(Manual),as shown in Fig.1 anddescribed in detail in Annex A1.6.2 Smoke Point Lamp(Automated)4,in addition to thebasic components described in Annex A1,as shown in Fi