1、Designation:C 1102 94Standard Test Method forTime of Setting of Portland-Cement Pastes ContainingQuick-Setting Accelerating Admixtures for Shotcrete by theUse of Gillmore Needles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1102;the number immediately following the designation indicates the
2、 year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time ofs
3、etting of portland-cement pastes containing quick-settingaccelerating admixtures for shotcrete.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the use
4、r of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Ce-ment Paste by Gillmore Needles23.Significance and Use3.1 The
5、 performance of a quick-setting accelerating admix-ture for shotcrete varies with the composition of the portlandcement.Since this test method involves the determination oftime of setting of a particular combination of a portland cementand a quick-setting accelerating admixture,it therefore pro-vide
6、s information on the suitability for use of that particularcombination.3.2 The time of setting of the combination established in thelaboratory does not necessarily indicate the time of setting thiscombination will produce in actual shotcreting or at other thanlaboratory temperatures.Data on the time
7、 of setting of quick-setting accelerating admixtures for shotcrete have been pub-lished.3,44.Apparatus4.1 The apparatus described in Test Method C 266 is used tofollow this test method in principle.5.Procedure5.1 Preparation of Cement Paste:5.1.1 Non-liquid AdmixturesIn a suitable rubber or plasticc
8、up,blend with a spatula until uniform,100 g of cement witheither 3 g of the shotcrete admixture or the amount ofadmixture recommended by the manufacturer for use with 100g of cement.Add distilled or deionized water,approximately24 to 30 mL,sufficient to produce a smooth paste.Hand mixcompletely with
9、in 15 s.5.1.2 Liquid AdmixturesMix 3 mL of liquid shotcreteadmixture,or the amount of admixture recommended by themanufacturer for use with 100 g of cement,with 24 to 30 mLof distilled or deionized water.In a suitable rubber or plasticcup,add this liquid to 100 g of cement and mix to produce asmooth
10、 paste.Hand mix completely within 15 s.5.2 Molding Test SpecimenUse the cement paste,pre-pared in accordance with 5.1,to make a pat approximately 75mm in diameter and 12.5 mm in thickness at the center with aflat top and tapering to a thin edge on a clean glass plate about100 mm square.When molding
11、the pat,flatten the cement pastefirst on the glass and then form the pat by drawing the trowelfrom the outer edge toward the center,flattening the top.Moldthe specimen within 1 min after adding the mixing water to thecement to avoid mixing through the setting time.5.3 Time-of-Setting DeterminationTh
12、e time-of-setting de-termination shall begin immediately after molding the pat andcontinue every 10 seconds.In determining the time of setting,apply the needle lightly to the surface of the pat.Consider thecement paste to have acquired its initial set when the pat willbear,without appreciable indent
13、ation,the initial Gillmoreneedle.Consider the cement paste to have acquired its final setwhen the pat will bear,without appreciable indentation,thefinal Gillmore needle.Measure the time of setting from thetime liquid is added to the mixture.6.Report6.1 Report the following information:6.1.1 The init
14、ial and final times of setting,1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C-9 on Concreteand ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.46 onShotcrete.Current edition approved March 15,1994.Published May 1994.Originallypublished as C 1102 88.Last previo
15、us edition C 1102 88.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.01.3Schutz,Raymond J.,“Properties of Shotcrete Admixtures,”Proceedings of anEngineering Foundation Conference,ACI SP-54,American Concrete Institute,1977.4Mahan,J.W.,Parker,H.W.,and Wuellner,W.W.,“Shotcrete Practice inUnderground Construction
16、,”U1LU-Eng 75-2018,Department of Civil Engineering,University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign,August 1975.1AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS100 Barr Harbor Dr.,West Conshohocken,PA 19428Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.Copyright ASTMNOTICE:Thisstandardhaseitherbeensupersededandreplacedbyanewversionordiscontinued.ContactASTMInternational(www.astm.org)forthelatestinformation.6.1.2 Brand and type of cement,6.1.3 Names of the admixtures,and6.1.4 Admixture dose and temperatur