1、Designation:D1561/D1561M13Standard Practice forPreparation of Bituminous Mixture Test Specimens byMeans of California Kneading Compactor1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1561/D1561M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the
2、case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 The practice covers the preparation of test specimens ofbituminous paving mixtures by means of
3、 a mechanical com-pactor that imparts a kneading action to the test specimens bya series of individual impressions made with a ram.1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures)shall not
4、be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.Thevalues stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from t
5、he two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-b
6、ility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1560 Test Methods for Resistance to Deformation andCohesion of Bituminous Mixtures by Means of HveemApparatusD3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Mater
7、ialsD4753 Guide for Evaluating,Selecting,and Specifying Bal-ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil,Rock,andConstruction Materials Testing2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:California Kneading Compactor33.Significance and Use3.1 This practice can be used to prepare cylindrical speci-mens of bituminous mix for subs
8、equent testing.The procedureincorporates the use of the California Kneading Compactor inan attempt to duplicate the kneading action that is provided bythe equipment now being used for the compaction of asphaltconcrete pavement.NOTE1The quality of the results produced by this standard aredependent on
9、 the competence of the personnel performing the procedureand the capability,calibration,and maintenance of the equipment used.Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generallyconsidered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc.Users of the standard are ca
10、utioned that compliance withSpecification D3666 alone does not completely assure reliable results.Reliable results depend on many factors;following the suggestions ofSpecification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides ameans of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.4.Apparat
11、us4.1 California Kneading CompactorMechanical kneadingcompactor,as shown in Fig.1,3for consolidating test speci-mens.NOTE2Kneading compactors,which on calibration develop a tracecurve similar to that of the California kneading compactor,shall beconsidered acceptable under this test method.Alternativ
12、ely,any kneadingcompactor capable of fabricating specimens that will show stabilometervalues equivalent to those obtained from the California kneading com-pactor shall be acceptable for use under this test method.The supplier hasthe responsibility of furnishing those substantiating data for his devi
13、ce.NOTE3Curves are considered within calibration when they show thesame peak pressure and dwell time in load time tract obtained in thecalibration procedure.The tamping foot can be raised or lowered througha maximum distance of 254 mm 10 in.Provision is made for individualadjustments of down stroke
14、rate,up stroke rate,up stroke return distanceand dwell in the down position.NOTE4This compactor shall be considered in calibration when thepeak momentary load applied to a test specimen is held within 65%ofthe intended foot pressure(within the range from 2.4 to 3.4 MPa 350 to500 psi).1This practice
15、is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road andPaving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.20 onMechanical Tests of Bituminous Mixtures.Current edition approved Dec.1,2013.Published January 2014.Originallyapproved in 1958.Last previous edition approved in 2005 a
16、s D1561 92(2005)1.DOI:10.1520/D1561_D1561M-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Blueprints of detailed drawings of the apparatus illustrated in Fig.1 areavailable fromASTM International Headquarters.RequestAdjunct No.ADJD1561.Original adjunct produced in 1960.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr H