1、 FINAL REPORT on INTERLABORATORY COOPERATIVE STUDY OF THE PRECISION OF THE DETERMINATION OF THE AVERAGE VELOCITY IN A DUCT(Pitot Tube Method)USING ASTM METHOD D 3154-72 J.E.Howes,Jr.,R.N.Pesut,and J.F.Foster Battelle Memorial Institute ASTM DATA SERIES PUBLICATION DS 55-S7 List price$5.00 05-055070-
2、17 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street,Philadelphia,Pa.19103 BY AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1974 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:74-76290 NOTE The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.IBattell
3、e is not engaged in research for advertising,sales I promotion,or publicity purposes,and this report may I not be reproduced in full or in part for such purposes.1 Printed in Gibbsboro,New Jersey August 1974 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 SUMMARY OF RESULTS 2 EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM 2 ASTM Metho
4、d D 3154-72 2 Equipment 3 Test Procedure 7 Test Site Descriptions 13 Site 1 13 Site II 13 Site III 13 Site IV 15 Participating Laboratories .15 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS 16 Measure of Precision 16 Single-operator precision 16 Within-laboratory precision 16 Between-laboratory prec
5、ision 16 Experimental Results 18 Analysis of Precision 25 Sources of Variability 28 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 32 RECOMMENDATIONS 34 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 38 REFERENCES 40 APPENDIX A STANDARD METHOD OF TEST FOR AVERAGE VELOCITY IN A DUCT(PITOT TUBE METHOD)APPENDIX B NBS CALIBRATION DATA FOR TYPE S PITOT
6、TUBE 59 LIST OF TABLES Table 1.Test Pattern For Velocity Measurements at Site I 11 Table 2.Test Pattern For Velocity Measurements at Site II 11 Table 3.Test Pattern For Velocity Measurements at Site III 12 (List of Tables Continued)Page Table 4.Test Pattern For Velocity Measurements at Site IV 12 Ta
7、ble 5.Summary of Test Site Characteristics 14 Table 6.Summary of Site I Velocity Measurements 19 Table 7.Summary of Site II Velocity Measurements 20 Table 8.Summary of Site III Velocity Measurements 21 Table 9.Summary of Site IV Velocity Measurements 23 Table 10.Statistical Analysis of Velocity Dete
8、rminations 26 Table 11.Statistical Analysis of Velocity Pressure,Moisture,and Gas Temperature Measurements 29 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.Equipment Train Used For Particulate and Collected Residue Measurements(D 2928-71 and Proposed Method)and Velocity Determinations(D 3154-72)5 Figure 2.Typical Probe-
9、Pitot Tube Arrangements For Particulate Sampling(D 2928-72 and Proposed Method)and Velocity Measurements(D 3154-71)6 Figure 3.Cooperating Laboratories Performing Concurrent Particulate,Collected Residue,and Velocity Measurement 8 Figure 4.Typical Velocity Pressure and Temperature Measurements at Sam
10、pling Points in the Duct at Test Site 1 9 Figure 5.Typical Velocity Pressure and Temperature Measurements at Sampling Points in the Stack at Test Site II 9 Figure 6.Typical Velocity Pressure Temperature Measurements at Sampling Points in Stack at Test Site III 10 Figure 7.Typical Velocity Pressure a
11、nd Temperature Measurements at Sampling Points in Stack at Test Site IV 10 Figure 8.Scattergram and Least-Square Curve Relating Between-Laboratory Standard Error to Mean Velocity For Measurements Using ASTM D 3154-72 27 Figure 9.Scattergram Showing Correlation Between Velocity Pressure and Average V
12、elocity 31 ii INTERLABORATORY COOPERATIVE STUDY OF THE PRECISION OF THE DETERMINATION OF THE AVERAGE VELOCITY IN A DUCT USING ASTM METHOD D 3154-72(PITOT TUBE METHOD)by J.E.Howes,Jr.,R.N.Pesut,and J.F.Foster INTRODUCTION In 1971 in recognition of the important relationship between the measurement an
13、d the effective control of air pollution,American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM)initiated a pioneering program,designated Project Threshold,to validate methods for measuring contaminants in the ambient atmosphere and in source emissions.The first phase of the program was devoted to evaluati
14、on of methods for measuring the content of nitrogen dioxide(D 1607-69),sulfur dioxide(D 2914-70T),dustfall(D 1739-70),total sulfation(D 2010-65),particulate matter(D 1704-61),and lead CD 3112)in(1-5)*the atmosphere .Methods for.the measurement of the relative density of black smoke(D 3211-75T)(6 oxi
15、des of nitrogen(D 1608-60),sulfur oxides(D 3226-73T),particulates(D 2928),and particulates and collected residue(proposed method)in source emissions have been evaluated in Phase 2 of Project Threshold.The interlaboratory round-robin approach has been applied to Project Threshold by bringing together
16、 groups of competent laboratories for concurrent performance of the test procedures under actual field conditions.Each participating laboratory is responsible for providing personnel and equipment,assembling apparatus,sampling,and analyzing collected samples either on-site or at their own facility.The coordination of the testing program,statis-tical analysis of the data,and evaluation of the measurement methods based on the experimental results has been performed by Battelles Columbus Laboratori