1、ISO/ASTM 52900:2015(E)Standard Terminology forAdditive Manufacturing General Principles Terminology1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation ISO/ASTM 52900;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last
2、 revision.1.Scope1.1 This International Standard establishes and definesterms used in additive manufacturing(AM)technology,whichapplies the additive shaping principle and thereby buildsphysical 3D geometries by successive addition of material.1.2 The terms have been classified into specific fields o
3、fapplication.1.3 New terms emerging from the future work withinISO/TC 261 and ASTM F42 will be included in upcomingamendments and overviews of this International Standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ISO Standards:3ISO 841 Industrial automation systems and integrationNumerical control of machinesCoordi
4、nate system andmotion nomenclatureISO 10303 Industrial automation systems and integrationProduct data representation and exchangeISO17296-2 AdditivemanufacturingGeneralpriniciplesPart 2:Overview of process categories andfeedstock2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:3,4ISO/ASTM 52915 Standard specification for add
5、itive manu-facturing file format(AMF)ISO/ASTM52921 TerminologyforAdditiveManufacturingCoordinate Systems and Test Method-ologies3.Terminology3.1 General Terms3D printer,nmachine used for 3D printing.additive manufacturing(AM),nprocess of joining materi-als to make parts from 3D model data,usually la
6、yer uponlayer,as opposed to subtractive manufacturing and formativemanufacturing methodologies.DISCUSSIONHistorical terms:additive fabrication,additiveprocesses,additive techniques,additive layer manufacturing,layermanufacturing,solid freeform fabrication and freeform fabrication.DISCUSSIONThe meani
7、ng of“additive”,“subtractive”and“forma-tive”manufacturing methodologies are further discussed in Annex A1.additive system,nadditive manufacturing system,addi-tive manufacturing equipment,machine and auxiliary equip-ment used for additive manufacturing.AM machine,nsection of the additive manufacturin
8、gsystem including hardward,machine control software,re-quired set-up software and peripheral accessories necessaryto complete a build cycle for producing parts.AM machine user,noperator of or entity using an AMmachine.AM system user,nadditive system user,operator of or entityusing an entire additive
9、 manufacturing system or anycomponent of an additive system.front,nof a machine,unless otherwise designated by themachine builder,side of the machine that the operator facesto access the user interface or primary viewing window,orboth.material supplier,nprovider of material/feedstock to beprocessed
10、in additive manufacturing system.multi-step process,ntype of additive manufacturing pro-cess in which parts are fabricated in two or more operationswhere the first typically provides the basic geometric shapeand the following consolidates the part to the fundamentalproperties of the intended materia
11、l(metallic,ceramic,poly-mer or composite).DISCUSSIONRemoval of the support structure and cleaning may benecessary;however,in this context not considered as a separate processstep.1This international standard is under the jurisdiction of Committee F42 onAdditive Manufacturing Technologies and is the
12、direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee F42.91 on Terminology,and is also under the jurisdiction of ISO/TC 261.Current edition approved Dec.1,2015.Published January 2016.Originallyapproved in 2009.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F279212A.2Through a mutual agreement with ASTM International(A
13、STM),the Society ofManufacturing Engineers(SME)contributed the technical expertise of its RTAMCommunity members to ASTM to be used as the technical foundation for thisASTM standard.SME and its membership continue to play an active role inproviding technical guidance to the ASTM standards development
14、 process.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,
15、refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.ISO/ASTM International 2016 All rights reserved1 DISCUSSIONThe principle of single-step and multi-step processesare further discussed in Annex A1.single-step process,ntype of additive manufacturing pro-cess in which parts are fabricated
16、 in a single operationwhere the basic geometric shape and basic material proper-ties of the intended product are achieved simultaneously.DISCUSSIONRemoval of the support structure and cleaning may benecessary;however,in this context not considered as a separate processstep.DISCUSSIONThe principle of single-step and multi-step processesare further discussed in Annex A1.3.2 Process Categoriesbinder jetting,nadditive manufacturing process in whicha liquid bonding agent is selectively deposited to j