1、ISO/ASTM 51431:2005(E)Standard Practice forDosimetry in Electron Beam and X-Ray(Bremsstrahlung)Irradiation Facilities for Food Processing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation ISO/ASTM 51431;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in t
2、he case of revision,the year of last revision.1.Scope1.1 This practice outlines the installation qualification pro-gram for an irradiator and the dosimetric procedures to befollowed during operational qualification,performance quali-fication and routine processing in facilities that process foodwith
3、 high-energy electrons and X-rays(bremsstrahlung)toensure that product has been treated within a predeterminedrange of absorbed dose.Other procedures related to operationalqualification,performance qualification and routine processingthat may influence absorbed dose in the product are alsodiscussed.
4、Information about effective or regulatory dose limitsfor food products,and appropriate energy limits for electronbeams used directly or to generate X-rays is not within thescope of this practice(see ASTM Guides F1355,F1356,F1736,and F1885).NOTE1Dosimetry is only one component of a total quality assu
5、ranceprogram for adherence to good manufacturing practices used in theproduction of safe and wholesome food.NOTE2ISO/ASTM Practice 51204 describes dosimetric proceduresfor gamma irradiation facilities for food processing.1.2 For guidance in the selection and calibration of dosim-etry systems,and int
6、erpretation of measured absorbed dose inthe product,see ISO/ASTM Guide 51261 and ASTM PracticeE666.For the use of specific dosimetry systems,see ASTMPractices E1026 and E2304,and ISO/ASTM Practices 51205,51275,51276,51310,51401,51538,51540,51607,51650 and51956 For discussion of radiation dosimetry f
7、or electrons andX-rays also see ICRU Reports 35 and 14.For discussion ofradiation dosimetry for pulsed radiation,see ICRU Report 34.1.3 While gamma radiation from radioactive nuclides hasdiscrete energies,X-rays(bremsstrahlung)from machinesources cover a wide range of energies,from low values(about3
8、5 keV)to the energy of the incident electron beam.Forinformation concerning electron beam irradiation technologyand dosimetry,see ISO/ASTM Practice 51649.For informationconcerning X-ray irradiation technology and dosimetry,seeISO/ASTM Practice 51608.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all
9、of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E170 Terminology Relating
10、to Radiation Measurements andDosimetryE666 Practice for Calculating Absorbed Dose From Gammaor X RadiationE1026 Practice for Using the Fricke Dosimetry SystemE2232 Guide for Selection and Use of Mathematical Meth-ods for Calculating Absorbed Dose in Radiation Process-ing ApplicationsE2303 Guide for
11、Absorbed-Dose Mapping in RadiationProcessing FacilitiesE2304 Practice for Use of a LiF Photo-Fluorescent FilmDosimetry SystemF1355 Guide for Irradiation of FreshAgricultural Produce asa Phytosanitary TreatmentF1356 Practice for Irradiation of Fresh and Frozen Red Meatand Poultry to Control Pathogens
12、 and Other Microorgan-ismsF1736 Guide for Irradiation of Finfish and Aquatic Inverte-brates Used as Food to Control Pathogens and SpoilageMicroorganismsF1885 Guide for Irradiation of Dried Spices,Herbs,andVegetable Seasonings to Control Pathogens and OtherMicroorganisms2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:251204
13、Practice for Dosimetry in Gamma Irradiation Facili-ties for Food Processing51205 Practice for Use of a Ceric-Cerous Sulfate DosimetrySystem1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E61 on RadiationProcessingand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E61.04 on SpecialtyApplicat
14、ion,and is also under the jurisdiction of ISO/TC 85/WG 3.Current edition approved by ASTM Oct.1,2004.Published May 15,2005.Originally published as E 143191.Last previous ASTM edition E 1431981.ASTM E 143191 was adopted by ISO in 1998 with the intermediate designationISO 15562:1998(E).The present Int
15、ernational Standard ISO/ASTM 51431:2005(E)is a major revision of the last previous edition ISO/ASTM 51431:2002(E),whichreplaced ISO 15562.2For referenced ASTM and ISO/ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.ForAnnual Book of ASTM Standar
16、ds volume information,refer to the standardsDocument Summary page on the ASTM website.ISO/ASTM International 2015 All rights reserved1 51261 Guide for Selection and Calibration of DosimetrySystems for Radiation Processing51275 Practice for Use of a Radiochromic Film DosimetrySystem51276 Practice for Use of a Polymethylmethacrylate Dosim-etry System51310 Practice for Use of a Radiochromic Optical Wave-guide Dosimetry System51400 Practice for Characterization and Performance of aHigh-Dose Radiatio