1、Designation:F204011An American National StandardStandard Specification forHelmets Used for Recreational Snow Sports1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2040;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of
2、 last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This specification defines performance requirements forhelmets used in nonmotorized recreational snow sports(suchas skiin
3、g,snowboarding,and other alpine sports).This speci-fication is a performance standard and is not intended to restrictdesign.Although a helmet that meets this specification willhelp reduce the risk of some types of injuries to the head atslower speeds,the protection is limited.The user is responsible
4、for participating in the sport within his/her abilities and thenature of the snow conditions which may vary widely.Com-pliance with the common sense rules of the sports safety,including any applicable responsibility codes,is essential tohelp reduce the risk of personal injury.1.2 All testing and req
5、uirements of this specification shallbe in accordance with Test Methods F1446,except where notedherein.1.3 Partial utilization of this specification is prohibited.Anystatement of compliance with this specification shall be acertification that the product meets all of the requirements ofthe specifica
6、tion in its entirety.A product that fails to meet anyone of the requirements of this specification is considered tohave failed the standard and should not be sold with anyindication that it meets parts of the standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1446 Test Methods for Equipment and Pro
7、cedures Used inEvaluating the Performance Characteristics of ProtectiveHeadgear3.Headforms3.1 Headforms to be used in this specification are asspecified in the section on Test Headforms of Test MethodsF1446.The appropriate size headform shall be selected inaccordance with the section on Headform Siz
8、e Selection ofTest Methods F1446 for the helmet to be tested.4.Anvils and Impact Velocities4.1 Anvils to be used for impact tests in this specificationare described as follows:4.1.1 Flat Anvil,as described in the section on Apparatus ofTest Methods F1446.4.1.2 Hemispherical Anvil,as described in the
9、 section onApparatus of Test Methods F1446.4.1.3 Edge Anvil,constructed of solid steel in accordancewith Fig.1.4.2 Impact Velocities:4.2.1 Impacts upon the flat anvil shall achieve a velocity of6.2 m/s(corresponding to a theoretical drop height of 2.0 m).4.2.2 Impacts upon the hemispherical anvil sh
10、all achieve avelocity of 4.8 m/s(corresponding to a theoretical drop heightof 1.2 m).4.2.3 Impacts upon the edge anvil shall achieve a velocity of4.5 m/s(corresponding to a theoretical drop height of 1.0 m).4.2.4 The impact velocity shall be measured during the last40 mm of free-fall for each test a
11、nd shall be within 3%of thevelocities specified in 4.2.1,4.2.2,and 4.2.3.5.Marking the Test Line5.1 The test line is shown in Fig.2 and shall be marked inaccordance with Test Methods F1446.6.Conditioning and Number of Samples6.1 Four sample helmets are required for each shell/linersize combination.6
12、.2 Conditioning of the samples to be tested is described inthe section on Conditioning Environment of Test MethodsF1446,but differs as follows:6.2.1 Low TemperatureThe low temperature shall be-22to-28C.6.2.2 High TemperatureThe high temperature shall be 32to 38C.7.Impact Sites7.1 Centers of impact c
13、an be located anywhere on or abovethe test line with the anvils aligned in any orientation.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment,Playing Surfaces,and Facilitiesand is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.53 on Headgear and Helmets.Current edit
14、ion approved April 1,2011.Published May 2011.Originallyapproved in 2000.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F2040 06.DOI:10.1520/F2040-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volum
15、e information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.2 The theoretical center3of each impact site
16、shall beseparated from the theoretical center of other impact sites by aminimum of 120 mm.8.Impacting Schedule8.1 All impacting shall be performed in accordance with thesection on Impact Attenuation of Test Methods F1446.8.2 Two of the four impact sites(as described in the sectionon ImpactAttenuation of Test Methods F1446)will use the flatanvil.8.3 One impact site will use the hemispherical anvil.8.4 One impact site will use the edge anvil.8.5 The impact sites and anvils can be selected in anyse