1、THERMAL INSULATIONS IN THE PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY A symposium sponsored by ASTM Committee C-16 on Thermal and Cryogenic Insulating Materials in cooperation with the American Institute of Chemical Engineers,12 March 1974,Tulsa,Okla.Reprinted from the August 1974 issue of Chemical Engineering Progress
2、(Vol.70,No.8)ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION 581 F.S.Govan,symposium chairman J.S.Kummins,symposium eochairman List price$3.25 04-581000-10 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street,Philadelphia,Pa.19103 Library of Congress Catalog Card number:75-2515 NOTE The Society is not res
3、ponsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.Printed in Gibbsboro,New Jersey March 1975 Foreword The Symposium on Thermal Insulations in the Petrochemical Industry was held on 12 March 1974 in Tulsa,Okla.It was sponsored by the American Society for Testing and Mate
4、rials(ASTM)Committee C-16 on Thermal and Cryogenic Insulating Materials in cooperation with the American Institute of Chemical Engineers(AIChE)and was pre-sented during a meeting of AIChE.F.Ao Govan,York Research Corp.,presided as the symposium chairman,and J.S.Kummins,Dow Coming Corp.,served as the
5、 cochairman.Related ASTM Publications Heat Transmission Measurements in Thermal Insulations,STP 544(1974),$30.75,04=5440 10 Supplement to the Bibliography and Abstracts on Thermostat Metals,STP 288C(1974),$4.25,04-288030-40 Manual on the Use of Thermocouples in Temperature Measurement,STP 470A(1974)
6、,$17.50,04-470010-40 Contents Introduction Criteria for Installing Systems in Petrochemical Plants-W.C.Turner Protection of Thermal Insulation-J.B.Marks and K.D.Holton Economic Thickness of Thermal Insulation-J.M.Bamhart Foam Insulation for Tanks and Vessels-C.S.Foster Protective Coatings for Foam I
7、nsulation-J.C.Smith and J.S.Kummins l 3 8 12 17 19 STP581-EB/Mar.1975 Introduction All of a sudden politicians,architects,and building owners have made a new discovery-thermal insulation saves fuel!Even the petrochemical industry,a major user of insula-tion for process control and industrial safety
8、have been lax in the proper use and applica-tion of these materials.In fact,it has been a basic axiom of almost all owners that when the project is overbudget-eliminate the insulation.Thus,the professional engineer who has been involved in thermal insulation evaluation by means of such technical soc
9、ieties as ASTM Committee C-16 and ASHRAE TC4.4 has now become an important asset We are thus very pleased with this opportunity to present five technical papers which shotfld help the petrochemical industry properly consider thermal insulation.Today the proper use of insulation is no longer a matter
10、 of economies and safety but rather a need for conservation of raw feed-stocks.It is all well and good to argue about the economies of thermal insulation,but if there are no feed-stocks to produce the thousands of products made from petroleum then all arguments are academic.We hope in this short sym
11、posium to demonstrate a wide range of applications and procedures which will help the industry make money but also indicate how the petro-chemical industry can lead the way for our Government and its bureaueratic and meandering attempts to help us become energy independent.We need more teclmical com
12、mittees like a hole in the head.The time for action is now!E A.Govan President,York Research Corp.,Stamford,Conn.,chairman,ASTM Committee C-16,and symposium chairman.1 Copyright?9 1975 by ASTM International www.astm.org Insulation Practices:STP581-EB/Mar.1975 Criteria for Installing Insulation Syste
13、ms In Petrochemical Plants A complete thermal insulation system performs more than one function,and its economic evaluation must include all the services the installation is to supply.W.C.Turner,Consultant,South Charleston,W.Va.If they are to properly fulfill all their functions,insula-ation systems
14、 must be designed with considerable care.Such care includes discriminating engineering judgment in evaluating tests on materials that are to be used in the system.To illustrate:an engineer might know that the ultimate strength of a particular steel,by test,is 98,000 lb./sq,in.In the design of struct
15、ural members he would probably use a value of 20,000 to 22,000 lb./sq,in.to allow a safety factor for the unknowns-corrosion,fatigue,etc.In a like manner,engineers who design insulation sys-tems must use the results of laboratory tests only as a basis of establishing realistic design values.Properly
16、 designed industrial insulation systems,in most instances,perform more than one function.Therefore,true eco-nomic evaluation should include all the functions the system will serve.If insulation systems are poorly de-signed and the materials for it are not selected with care,it becomes difficult to accomplish the objectives listed below,and increases the chances of explosion,fires,and human burns.The most common plant operating functions,and therefore reasons for using insulation systems,are:1.Co