1、ISO/ASTM 51400:2003(E)Standard Practice forCharacterization and Performance of a High-Dose RadiationDosimetry Calibration Laboratory1This standard is issued under the fixed designation ISO/ASTM 51400;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the ca
2、se of revision,the year of last revision.1.Scope1.1 This practice addresses the specific requirements forlaboratories engaged in dosimetry calibrations involving ion-izing radiation,namely,gamma-radiation,electron beams orX-radiation(bremsstrahlung)beams.It specifically describesthe requirements for
3、 the characterization and performancecriteria to be met by a high-dose radiation dosimetry calibra-tion laboratory.1.2 The absorbed-dose range is typically between 10 and105Gy.1.3 This practice addresses criteria for laboratories seekingaccreditation for performing high-dose dosimetry calibrations,a
4、nd is a supplement to the general requirements described inISO/IEC 17025.1.3.1 By meeting these criteria and those in ISO/IEC 17025,the laboratory may be accredited by a recognized accreditationorganization.1.3.2 Adherence to these criteria will help to ensure highstandards of performance and instil
5、l confidence regarding thecompetency of the accredited laboratory with respect to theservices it offers.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and hea
6、lth practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 170 Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurementsand Dosimetry2E 1249 Practice for Minimizing Dosimetry Errors in Radia-tion Hardness Testing of Silicon Electronic Device
7、s UsingCo-60 Sources2E 1250 Test Method for Application of Ionization Cham-bers to Assess the Low Energy Gamma Component ofCobalt-60 Irradiators Used in Radiation-Hardness Testingof Silicon Electronic Devices2E 2116 Practice for Dosimetry for a Self-Contained Dry-Storage Gamma-Ray Irradiator22.2ISO/
8、ASTM Standards:51261 Guide for Selection and Calibration of DosimetrySystems for Radiation Processing251707 Guide for Estimating Uncertainties in Dosimetry forRadiation Processing22.3International Organization for Standardization Docu-ments:ISO/IEC 17025(1999)General Requirements for the Com-petence
9、 of Calibration and Testing Laboratories32.4International Commission on Radiation Units andMeasurements(ICRU)Reports:ICRU Report 60,Fundamental Quantities and Units forIonizing Radiation43.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 accredited dosimetry calibration laboratorya do-simetry laboratory that has fo
10、rmal recognition that it iscompetent to carry out specific calibrations in accordance withdocumented requirements of a recognized accreditation orga-nization.3.1.2 calibrationthe process whereby the response of adosimeter or measuring instrument is characterized throughcomparison with an appropriate
11、 standard that is traceable to,and consistent with,a nationally or internationally recognizedstandard.3.1.3 dosimetry systema system used for determiningabsorbed dose,consisting of dosimeters,measurement instru-ments and their associated reference standards,and proceduresfor the systems use.3.1.4 me
12、asurement quality assurance plana documentedprogram for the measurement process that ensures,on acontinuing basis,that the overall uncertainty meets the require-ments of the specific application.This plan requires traceabilityto,and consistency with,nationally or internationally recog-nized standard
13、s.3.1.5 measurement traceabilitythe ability to demonstrateby means of an unbroken chain of comparisons that a mea-surement is in agreement within acceptable limits of uncer-tainty with comparable nationally or internationally recognizedstandards.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commi
14、ttee E10 on NuclearTechnology and Applications and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE10.01 on Dosimetry for Radiation Processing,and is also under the jurisdiction ofISO/TC 85/WG 3.Current edition approved May 28,2003.Published July 15,2003.Originallypublished as ASTM E 1400 91.ASTM E 140
15、0 95ae1was adopted by ISO in1998 with the intermediate designation ISO 15560:1998(E).The present Interna-tional Standard ISO/ASTM 51400:2003(E)replaces ISO 15560 and is a majorrevision of the last previous edition ISO/ASTM 51400:2002(E).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 12.02.3Available from Intern
16、ational Organization for Standardization(ISO),1 Rue deVaremb,Case Postale 56,CH-1211,Geneva 20,Switzerland.4Available from International Commission on Radiation Units and Measure-ments,7910 Woodmont Ave.,Suite 800,Bethesda,MD 20814,USA.1 ISO/ASTM International 2003 All rights reserved3.1.6 primary-standard dosimetera dosimeter of the high-est metrological quality,established and maintained as anabsorbed-dose standard by a national or international standardsorganization.3.1.7 proficiency testinge