1、Designation:F2191/F2191M13An American National StandardStandard Specification forPacking Material,Graphitic or Carbon Braided Yarn1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2191/F2191M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case o
2、f revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers staple or continuous filamentcarbon/graphite yarn valve stem compression
3、packing,suitablefor use as end-rings on packing systems for valves.Intendedservices include steam,hydrocarbons,water and non-oxidizingchemicals.Where this specification is invoked as ASTMF2191,Sections 1 18 apply.Where this specification isinvoked as ASTM/DoD F2191,Sections 1 18 and theSupplementary
4、 Requirements shall be applicable.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may
5、result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory
6、limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C135 Test Method for True Specific Gravity of RefractoryMaterials by Water ImmersionC561 Test Method for Ash in a Graphite SampleC562 Test Method for Moisture in a Graphite SampleC816 Test Method for Sulfur in Graphite by Combustion-
7、Iodometric Titration MethodC889 Test Methods for Chemical and Mass SpectrometricAnalysis of Nuclear-Grade Gadolinium Oxide(Gd2O3)PowderD129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(Gen-eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In WaterD1179 Test Methods fo
8、r Fluoride Ion in WaterD1246 Test Method for Bromide Ion in WaterD3178 Test Methods for Carbon and Hydrogen in theAnalysis Sample of Coal and Coke(Withdrawn 2007)3D3684 Test Method for Total Mercury in Coal by theOxygen Bomb Combustion/Atomic Absorption Method(Withdrawn 2014)3D3761 Test Method for T
9、otal Fluorine in Coal by theOxygen Bomb Combustion/Ion Selective ElectrodeMethodD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingD4239 Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample ofCoal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube FurnaceCombustion2.2 Military Standards:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage4
10、MIL-P-24583 Packing Material,Graphitic or CarbonBraided Yarn4MIL-P-24503 Packing Material,Graphitic,Corrugated Rib-bon or Textured Tape and Preformed Ring42.3 Fluid Sealing Association Handbook:Guidelines for the Use of Compression Packings,Copyright199753.Terminology3.1 base fiber densitybulk densi
11、ty of the base fiber beforebeing coated or impregnated and braided into packing.3.2 braided flexible graphitea braid constructed of con-tinuous strands or strips of expanded flexible graphite tape orribbons,which have been overwrapped or have imbeddedreinforcing fibers.3.3 carbon fibersfibers used i
12、n braided packing are pro-duced from viscose rayon,pitch,or polyacrylonitrile(PAN)and are defined as a yarn with a carbon assay of less than 99%.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.02 o
13、nInsulation/Processes.Current edition approved Dec.15,2013.Published January 2014.Originallyapproved in 2002.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F2191-02(2008).DOI:10.1520/F2191_F2191M-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serv
14、iceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk,DODSSP,Bldg.4,SectionD,700RobbinsAv
15、e.,Philadelphia,PA19111-5098,http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.5Available from the Fluid Sealing Association,994 Old Eagle School Road,Suite 1019,Wayne,PA 19087-1866.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.4 carbon yarnsmanufactured fro
16、m continuous or staplecarbon fibers that are twisted or plied into continuous indi-vidual strands of between 6 and 18 m in diameter.3.5 carbon/graphite fiberscarbon/graphite fibers used inbraided packing are produced from viscose rayon,pitch,orpolyacrylonitrile(PAN).3.6 center or corner filler strandsstrands of fiber/yarn thatrun parallel to the longitudinal axis of the braid in the cornersor center to control the internal density and dimensionalstability of the braid.3.7 continuousindividual fi