1、Unit 1Great scientists.阅读理解A2023年洛阳市、许昌市第一次质量检测Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and langua
2、ges. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental maths.I have only the unmemorable memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal clear memory of the
3、dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all the insects.I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other
4、 peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honour with the title of scientific research.But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of
5、 the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is selfdiscipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only selfdiscipline but all training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If
6、 you can combine the two, you will get the best of both worlds.1What impressed the author deeply during his childhood?AWildlife.BMusic.CLanguages. DLiterature.2Why cant the author remember his relatives clearly?AHe didnt live with them for long.BThe family was extremely large.CHe was fully occupied
7、with observing nature.DHe was too young when he lived with them.3According to the author, what personality should a born naturalist have first of all?ABeing knowledgeable. BBeing selfdisciplined.CBeing full of ambition. DBeing full of enthusiasm.4Why does the author say he is a naturalist, not a sci
8、entist?AHe thinks he lacks some quality required of a scientist.BHe thinks he has much trouble doing mental arithmetic.CHe thinks he comes up with solutions in a most naturalway.DHe thinks he just reads about other peoples observations.B2023年成都市高中毕业班摸底测试Please take a few seconds and think of your pe
9、rsonal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what youre going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesnt it feel good to say it out loud? Dont you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feelin
10、g will make you less likely to do it.Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally，you would not be satisfied until youd actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges (承认) it, psychologists have found its called a “social_
11、reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that its already done. And then, because youve felt that satisfaction, youre less motivated to do the actual and necessary hard work. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right?In 1982, Peter Gollwitz
12、er, a professor of psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment (承诺) to this goal to the room, and half
13、 didnt. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Finally those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to
14、 go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.5What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?ACompletion of the goal. BNecessary hard work.CPeoples acknowled
15、gement. DA sense of satisfaction.6What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?AWriting down the goal is very helpful.BAchieving personal goal needs more time.CKeeping the goal secret makes people work harder.DMaking the goal public makes people less satisfied.7How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea a
16、bout peoples goal?ABy giving figures.BBy giving examples.CBy making a survey.DBy making comparison tests.8What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?AYou will be more confident.BYou will not gain satisfaction.CYou are less likely to realize it.DYoull be much more motivated.完形填空2023年石家庄市质量检测