1、广州?=?=?=?=?=?=?=?=?=?=?!#$QTR?NO?NR?!?510075?http?/?!#$%&()*+,-?!#$%&()*%&?!#$%&(?890?1240?=16?=3.25?=65 000?2010?4?1?=2010?4?1?1J5 000?ISBN 978J7J5406J7847J0?16.00?!#W=020J87613102?!#W=020J87621848=?!#ECIPF?=?!?!K?O?!L?!?!?!?!KJJ?!#$%OMNMKQ=fp_k=VTUJTJRQMSJTUQTJM?K?=?K?=?=?=?=?K?!#$%=?K?ePNVKQ=?!#$
2、fm?!?OMNM?MSOQRR?=?=?!?!#?!?!?1?!/1Cow:Play the Lute before a Cow?!/7Sheep:Su Wu Tended the Sheep?!/13Deer:Cover the Deer with Palm Leaves as a Self-deceit?!/19Hare:Sitting by a Stump,Waiting for another Careless Hare?!/25Bird:Bird that Starts at the Mere Twang of a Bowstring?!/30Sparrow:The Sparrow
3、s Paying a Debt of Gratitude?!/37Fish:A Fish Stranded in a Dry Rut?!/41Rat:Hesitate to Pelt a Rat for Fear of Smashing the Dishes beside It1?!?cowPlay the Lute before a Cow?Cast Pearls before a Swine?!#?!?!#?!#$%&Once upon a time,therewas a musician by the nameof Gongming Yi,who wasgood at playing t
4、he lute,butoften did foolish things.2?!?!?!#$%&?!#$%&?When he saw a cowgrazing in the fields while hewas roaming in the suburbsone day,he hit upon the ideaof playing the lute for it.3?!#$%?!#$%&(?!#?!?!He fetched the lute fromhis home and played his fa-vorite tune for it.The tunewas so sweet that he
5、 wasintoxicated in it.4?!#$%&?!#?!#$However,the cow didnothing but grazing in thefields and went away bywagging its tail.5?!#$?!#$%&?!#$%&(?!#$%Gongming Yi wasgreatly disappointed.Afarmer by his side told himthat the cow was unable toappreciate the elegant music.6?!#?$?!#$#%&?!#$%&()?!#$%&()?!?!#$%&
6、?!?!?!?!#?is a pictograph.Its earliest hieroglyph looks likean ox-head from the front with two crooked and thick horns.The shape of the character alters to a great extent so that onehorn is missing and a tail is added.?Etymology of the Chinese Character?7?!?SheepSu Wu Tended the Sheep?!#?!#$?!?!#$%&
7、In the West HanDynasty,Su Wu was dis-patched on a mission to theHuns.8?!#?!#$%?!?The Huns detained SuWu and imprisoned him in acell,without providing himwith food or drink.However,Su Wu refused to surrender.9?chn?!?!#?!?!?!?!#?!?!?The Chan Yu?thesovereign of the Huns?was so angry with Su Wu sobstina
8、cy that he sent himtending the sheep in theNorth Sea and said that hewould release him if onlythe goat gave birth to a lamb.?1 0?!#$%&?!?!?!?!#?Staying by himself fornineteen years,Su Wu keptcompany with the sheep,drinking the snow waterwhen he was thirsty and eat-ing the grassroots when hewas hungr
9、ay.1 1?!?!#?!#$?!#$%&(?!#When the Huns andthe West Han resumedfriendship,the grey-headedSu Wu returned to the capi-tal Chang an and was wel-comed by the people of thewhole city for his moralintegrity.?1 2?!#$?!#$%&(?!?!#$%?!#$%&?!#$%&()*+,?!?The earliest hieroglyph for?looks like a sheep-head from t
10、he front.The horns of?turn upward whilethe horns of?turn downward.The fact shows that theancient people had sharp observations.Do not mistake thehorn for the tail!?Etymology of the Chinese Character?1 21 3?!?DeerCover the Deer with PalmLeaves as a Self-deceit?!#?!?!#?!#$%&?Once upon a time,aman from
11、 the state of Zhengsaw a wounded deer run-ning towards him when hewas cutting firewood.1 4?!#$%?!?!#?!The man waved hisshoulder-pole and killed itwithout its notice.1 5?!?#$%?!#$?!#?!?!#$As he was afraid thatsomeone might come anddemand the deer,he hid it ina pit and covered it with palmleaves.1 6?!
12、?!?!#?!?!#?!?!#$%&?!#$%&As no one came for thedeer until it was dark,he wasoverjoyed that the deer wouldbe his.He went to look forthe hidden place in a hurry,but failed to find it.1 7?!?!?!#$%?!#?!?!?!?!#$The man thought thathe had not met the deer andthat he had had a dream.Hence the Chinese idiom
13、of?covering the deer with palmleaves as a self-deceit?.1 8?!#?!#$%&?!#$%&()*+?!?!?!#?!#$%?!#$%&?()*?!?!?!?The character of?in the inscription on bonesor tortoise shell and the inscription on ancient bronze-ware is a masterpieces of art by the ancient people,?Etymology of the Chinese Character?displa
14、ying the deer with its branched antlers,big eyes,nimble body,and skipping legs and hoofs.It can also be usedas a word component for such Chinese characters as?!?!?and?.1 81 9?!?HareSitting by a Stump,Waitingfor another Careless Hare?!#$?!#$%?!#$%?!#$%A farmer in the stateof Song saw a hare dashingfr
15、om the bushes when hewas working in the fields.2 0?!#$%&?The hare dashed againsta stump and died.2 1?!#$%?!?!?!#$%&?The farmer was gladthat he picked a hare andthought that it would be niceif he could pick up a hareevery day.2 2?!#?!#$%?!#$%From then on,thefarmer no longer worked inthe fields but st
16、ood by thestump waiting for more haresto come and dash themselvesagainst it.2 3?!#$%?!#$?!?!#?!?!#?!?How is it possible thatthere were so many wind-falls for him!He waited butno more hares came whilehis fields were overgrownwith weeds.2 4?!#$?%?!#$?!#$%&()*+,(-?!#$%&?!#$%!&(?!?!#$?is also a pictograph.Itsinscription on bones or tortoise shelland inscription on ancient bronze-ware vividly depicts the hare with?Etymology of the Chinese Character?2 4long ears,nimble and plump body,short legs andupt