1、第 20 卷 第 2 期2023 年 2 月铁道科学与工程学报Journal of Railway Science and EngineeringVolume 20 Number 2February 2023城轨供电系统杂散电流对埋地金属管道的动态干扰研究黄晓鹏1,2，马庆安1，刘炜1，尹乙臣1，周林杰1(1.西南交通大学 电气工程学院，四川 成都 610031；2.西南交通大学 唐山研究生院，河北 唐山 063000)摘要：随着城市轨道交通系统的发展，线路与埋地金属管道相邻或交错的实际案例时有发生，城轨供电系统产生的杂散电流对埋地金属管道的干扰腐蚀问题日益突出。为研究直流牵引供电系统向大地中
2、泄漏的杂散电流对埋地金属管道的干扰影响，建立直流牵引供电系统和埋地金属管道的联合仿真模型。首先，利用多列车情况下的直流牵引供电回流系统杂散电流动态分布模型，计算地铁全线的钢轨电位和杂散电流分布。其次，根据点电流源在分层介质中的电场分布和叠加原理，计算地铁全线杂散电流在埋地金属管道附近产生的地电位分布；基于矩量法建立埋地金属管道电路模型，计算杂散电流作用下的管地电位，计算结果与CDEGS对比，管地电位误差在4.11%以内。基于该模型对国内某地铁线路及其附近管道进行分析，管地电位仿真结果与实测值误差在8.21%以内。最后，使用该模型分析不同因素对管地电位的影响。管道防腐层破损率从0.5%减少至0.
3、001%，管地电位最大波动值降低26.04%。钢轨对杂散电流收集网过渡电阻从1 km增大至15 km，管地电位最大波动值下降了82.44%。发车间隔360 s时的管地电位偏移量比发车间隔120 s时下降了43.27%。车辆段经钢轨电位限制器接地时的管地电位偏移量比直接接地下降了11.91%。结果验证了研究的有效性，并且表明增大地铁线路过渡电阻比其他方式具有更好地降低杂散电流干扰的效果。研究可用于直流牵引供电系统杂散电流对埋地金属管道干扰评估，可为工程设计提供参考。关键词：地铁；杂散电流；矩量法；埋地管道中图分类号：TM922 文献标志码：A 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)文章编号：16
4、72-7029（2023）02-0735-10Study on the dynamic interference of stray current in urban traction power supply system on buried metal pipelinesHUANG Xiaopeng1,2,MA Qingan1,LIU Wei1,YIN Yichen1,ZHOU Linjie1(1.School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;2.Graduate Sch
5、ool of Tangshan,Southwest Jiaotong University,Tangshan 063000,China)Abstract:With the development of the urban transit systems,there are many practical cases in which urban rail transit lines are adjacent to or staggered with buried metal pipelines,and thus the interference and corrosion of buried m
6、etal pipelines resulting from stray currents has become increasingly prominent.In order to investigate 收稿日期：2022-03-22基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51607148)通信作者：马庆安(1976)，男，山东曹县人，讲师，博士，从事牵引供电系统分析方面的科研工作；Email：DOI:10.19713/ki.43-1423/u.T20220535铁 道 科 学 与 工 程 学 报2023 年 2月the influence of the stray current leakin
7、g from the urban traction power supply system to the ground on buried metal pipelines,a joint simulation model of the urban traction power supply system and the buried metal pipelines was established.First,by using the stray current dynamic distribution model of the urban traction power supply retur
8、n system containing multiple trains,the distributions of rail potential and stray current were calculated for the entire metro line.Second,based on the ground potential distribution owing to point current sources in the layered medium and the superposition principle,the ground potential distribution
9、 was calculated.The buried metal pipeline circuit model was established with the method of moments,and then the pipe-ground potential was calculated.Comparing the calculated results with those obtained via CDEGS,the error of the pipe-ground potential is within 4.11%.The influence of a domestic metro
10、 line on its nearby pipelines was analyzed with the proposed algorithm and then compared with the field test,and the error was within 8.21%.Finally,the proposed method was used to analyze the influence of different factors on the pipe-ground potential.The study shows that by decreasing the damage ra
11、te of pipeline anti-corrosion coating from 0.5%to 0.001%,the maximum fluctuation value of pipe-ground potential was reduced by 26.04%.By increasing the resistance between the rail and the stray current collection network from 1 km to 15 km,the maximum fluctuation value of pipe-ground potential decli
12、ned by 82.44%.When the departure interval was 360 s,the pipe-ground potential offset was reduced by 43.27%compared with the departure interval of 120 s.When the depot was grounded through the over-voltage protection device,the pipe-ground potential offset was reduced by 11.91%compared with the direc
13、t grounding.The results verified the validity of this study and show that increasing the transition resistance of the metro line has a better effect on reducing the stray current interference than the other methods.The research findings can be used to evaluate the interference of the stray current o
14、f the urban traction power supply system with the buried metal pipeline and thus provide a certain reference for engineering design.Key words:metro;stray current;moment method;buried pipeline 采用走行轨回流的直流牵引供电系统存在轨道电位与杂散电流问题1。为防治杂散电流，工程设计中，多采取避让的方式选择地铁线路路径或管道路径。地铁近年来发展极为迅速。随着我国对能源需求的快速增长，油气管道的建设也在迅速增加2
15、3，经常会出现地铁线路和埋地金属管道接近或交错的情况。因此，研究直流供电系统杂散电流对金属管道的干扰影响具有现实意义。蔡力等4对地铁杂散电流对钢轨的腐蚀进行了分析，得到杂散电流与过渡电阻和机车位置的关系，为工程设计提供了参考。LIU等5介绍了杂散电流收集网在杂散电流防护中的作用，并根据电流源和传播路径，将杂散电流区分为一次和二次杂散电流。朱峰等6通过建立地铁回流系统到大地的电路模型，分析了不同轨地过渡电阻和轨地过渡电阻不均匀对杂散电流的影响。白锋等7利用函数拟合的方法得到高压直流接地极杂散电流与管道金属腐蚀量的关系，该方法需要有充足的数据样本，对应用目标有一定要求。董亮等8基于数值模拟方法，对
16、几种特定情况下的地铁杂散电流对管道干扰的影响进行了计算与分析，并选取其中的部分情形设计了相应的缓解方法。周兰等9讨论了杂散电流防护的必要性，并提出一种新的管道联合保护方案。目前，对于直流牵引供电系统杂散电流的泄漏有较多研究，但杂散电流对管道的动态干扰仍有一定的研究空间。本文建立直流牵引供电系统和埋地金属管道的联合计算模型，利用分层介质模型计算由地铁线路在大地中产生的电位分布，基于矩量法建立埋地金属管道电路模型，并进行仿真计算。利用接地分析软件CDEGS对综合计算模型进行验证。使用该模型分析国内某地铁线路杂散电流对附近埋地金属管道的影响，并与实测数据进行对比。736第 2 期黄晓鹏，等：城轨供电系统杂散电流对埋地金属管道的动态干扰研究1 模型的建立1.1回流系统杂散电流动态分布直流牵引供电系统的杂散电流传播和扩散的路径包括钢轨、杂散电流收集网、大地和管道等，如图1所示。忽略金属管道对钢轨泄露的杂散电流幅值的影响，基于线路参数以及列车、变电所工作状态，建立牵引供电系统的电路模型，通过潮流计算，可获得全线钢轨电位和杂散电流动态分布情况，具体计算过程见文献10-12。地铁各车站安装有钢轨电位限