1、520 5 AUGUST 2016 VOL 353 ISSUE 6299sciencemag.org SCIENCE5 AUGUST 2016 VOLUME 353 ISSUE 6299CONTENTSPHOTO(TOP LEFT):KEN RICHARDSON556&557The CRISPR-Cas defense system NEWSIN BRIEF524 News at a glanceIN DEPTH 526 VENEZUELAS WOES HAMPER ACCESS TO FOSSIL TROVEOnly the most daring researchers now risk
2、a trip to premier site in the American tropics By L.Wade527 ANTIAGING TRIAL USING YOUNG BLOOD STIRS CONCERNS Company plans to charge volunteers$8000 each for plasma transfusions from young donors By J.Kaiser528 NSF TRIES TWO-STEP REVIEW,DRAWING PRAISEAND DARTS Brief preliminary proposals cant do jus
3、tice to innovative research,scientists complain By J.Mervis529 ZIKA VACCINE HAS A GOOD SHOT Modest immune responses outwit virus in monkey studies,but trials will be complex By J.Cohen RESEARCH ARTICLE BY P.ABBINK ET AL.10.1126/science.aah6157530 SYNCHROTRON AIMS TO BRIDGE DIVIDES IN THE MIDDLE EAST
4、Light source in Jordan is just about ready to start shining By E.Stokstad531 DISPUTE OVER PRESIDENTS AGE TEARS PASTEUR INSTITUTE APART Centers board of directors was sent home after denying Christian Brchot,whos almost 65,a second term By T.RabesandratanaFEATURE 532 THE STORYTELLERWith Rainer Weiss,
5、gravitational wave hunter and likely Nobel laureate,theres the storyand theres the subtext By A.Cho534 The long road to LIGOBy A.Cho 543 A NANOVIEW OF BATTERY OPERATIONSingle cathode particles for lithium-ion batteries are analyzed during cycling By S.B.Schougaard REPORT P.566POLICY FORUMS 545 THE F
6、DA IS PROHIBITED FROM GOING GERMLINEFull stop:U.S.Congress precludes human germline modifi cation By I.G.Cohen and E.Y.Adashi547 CHINA-U.S.COOPERATION TOADVANCE NUCLEAR POWERMass-manufacturing and coordinated approvals are key By J.Cao et al.BOOKS ET AL.549 ALMIGHTYBy D.Zak,reviewed by A.Wellerstein
7、550 TRUTH OR TRUTHINESSBy H.Wainer,reviewed by C.J.PhillipsLETTERS 551 DECIPHERING P VALUES:BEWARE FALSE CERTAINTYBy C.L.Hewitt et al.551 DECIPHERING P VALUES:DEFINING SIGNIFICANCEBy F.Phillips551 EXPANDING PROTECTED AREAS IS NOT ENOUGHBy A.L.M.Chauvenet and M.Barnes552 TECHNICAL COMMENT ABSTRACTS55
8、2 ERRATA532545INSIGHTSPERSPECTIVES 538 EMPEROR YUS GREAT FLOODGeological data provide support for a legendary fl ood in China 4000 years ago By D.R.Montgomery REPORT P.579539 BRINGING ORDER TO THE EXPANDING FERMION ZOOCrystallographic classifi cation provides an inventory of the electron-like partic
9、les that emerge in a lattice world By C.Beenakker RESEARCH ARTICLE P.558541 HOW DO SUNFLOWERS FOLLOWTHE SUNAND TO WHAT END?Solar tracking may provide sunfl owers with an unexpected evolutionary benefi t By W.R.Briggs REPORT P.587542 BENEFITS OF SELECTIVE FEEDINGMicrobes engineered to digest unusual
10、nutrients outcompete contaminants in chemicals production By R.M.Lennen REPORT P.583Published by AAAS on August 29,2016http:/science.sciencemag.org/Downloaded from 590Mineral templating in coccoliths5 AUGUST 2016 VOL 353 ISSUE 6299 521SCIENCE sciencemag.org575Electron chiralityScience Staf .522New P
11、roducts.610Science Careers.612DEPARTMENTS523 EDITORIAL JIFfy PopBy Jeremy Berg618 WORKING LIFEWorking my way outBy Jason CantleyRESEARCHIN BRIEF 553 From Science and other journalsREVIEW556 CRISPR EVOLUTIONDiverse evolutionary roots and mechanistic variations of the CRISPR-Cas systems P.Mohanraju et
12、 al.REVIEW SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aad5147 RESEARCH ARTICLE P.557RESEARCH ARTICLES 557 CRISPR EVOLUTIONC2c2 is a single-component programmable RNA-guided RNA-targeting CRISPR ef ector O.O.Abudayyeh et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aad55
13、73 REVIEW P.556558 TOPOLOGICAL MATTERBeyond Dirac and Weyl fermions:Unconventional quasiparticles in conventional crystals B.Bradlyn et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;FOR FULL TEXT:dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf5037 PERSPECTIVE P.539REPORTS 559 SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYSGrain-resolved analysis of localized de
14、formation in nickel-titanium wire under tensile load P.Sedmk et al.563 CATALYSISDirect conversion of methane to aromatics in a catalytic co-ionic membrane reactor S.H.Morejudo et al.566 ANALYTICAL METHODSOrigin and hysteresis of lithium compositional spatiodynamics within battery primary particles J
15、.Lim et al.PERSPECTIVE P.543571 NANOMATERIALSPermanent excimer superstructures by supramolecular networking of metal quantum clusters B.Santiago-Gonzalez et al.575 GRAPHENETuning the valley and chiral quantum state of Dirac electrons in van der Waals heterostructures J.R.Wallbank et al.579 ARCHAEOLO
16、GYOutburst fl ood at 1920 BCE supports historicity of Chinas Great Flood and the Xia dynasty Q.Wu et al.PERSPECTIVE P.538;VIDEO583 BIOENGINEERINGMetabolic engineering of microbial competitive advantage for industrial fermentation processes A.J.Shaw et al.PERSPECTIVE P.542587 PLANT SCIENCECircadian regulation of sunfl ower heliotropism,fl oral orientation,and pollinator visits H.S.Atamian et al.PERSPECTIVE P.541;VIDEO590 BIOMINERALIZATIONMacromolecular recognition directs calcium ions to coccolit