1、第 24 卷 第 4 期北华大学学报(自然科学版)Vol24 No42023 年 7 月JOUNAL OF BEIHUA UNIVESITY(Natural Science)Jul2023文章编号:1009-4822(2023)04-0495-05DOI:1011713/jissn1009-4822202304014LU 术和 UL 术对复杂性输尿管上段结石患者尿流动力学和炎症应激的影响张寒,魏仁波,乔超,曹敏,席翔(成都市第三人民医院,四川 成都610031)摘要:目的探讨后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术(LU)和输尿管镜碎石术(UL)在复杂性输尿管上段结石患者中的应用效果及对患者尿流动力学、炎症应
2、激的影响方法回顾性分析 155 例复杂性输尿管上段结石患者的临床资料,根据手术方式不同分为 LU 组(84 例)和 UL 组(71 例),记录两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床活动时间、住院时间及住院费用,比较两组患者一次性结石清除率、术后并发症、手术前后尿流动力学(最大尿流速率(Qmax)、最大尿道压力(MUP)及炎症应激指标(C-反应蛋白(CP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、前列腺素 E2(PGE2)结果LU 组患者手术时间、术后下床活动时间、总住院时间均长于 UL 组(P005),术中出血量、住院费用均多于 UL 组(P005);LU 组一次性结石清除率为 100%,高于 UL 组的 859
3、2%(P005);LU 组并发症总发生率为 952%,与 UL 组(563%)比较差异无统计学意义(P005);术后两组患者 Qmax、MUP 均高于术前(P005),且 LU 组与 UL 组比较差异无统计学意义(P005);术后,两组患者血清 CP、IL-6、PGE2水平均较术前升高(P005),且 LU 组高于 UL 组(P005)结论LU 术与 UL 术均是复杂性输尿管上段结石的安全、有效术式,两种术式比较 LU 术一次性结石清除率更高,但 UL 术手术创伤小,对患者炎症应激影响更小关键词:复杂性输尿管上段结石;后腹腔镜切开取石术;输尿管镜碎石术;尿流动力学;炎症应激中图分类号:6934
4、文献标志码:A收稿日期:2023-01-12基金项目:成都市科技发展计划项目(2019-YF05-00494-SN)作者简介:张寒(1987),女,医师,主要从事泌尿系统临床治疗研究,E-mail:zhhan0224 163comEffects of etroperitoneal Laparoscopic Ureterolithotomy andUreteroscopic Lithotripsy on Urodynamics and Inflammatory Stressin Patients with Complicated Upper Ureteral CalculiZHANG Han,W
5、EI enbo,QIAO Chao,CAO Min,XI Xiang(Chengdu Third People s Hospital,Chengdu 610031,China)Abstract:ObjectiveTo compare the application effects of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy(LU)and ureteroscopic lithotripsy(UL)on patients with complicated upper ureteral calculi and their effects onur
6、odynamics and inflammatory stressMethodThe clinical data of 155 patients with complicated upper ureteralcalculi were retrospectively analyzedAccording to different surgical methods,the patients were divided into LUgroup(84 cases)and UL group(71 cases)Surgical time,intraoperative blood loss,postopera
7、tive ambulationtime,hospital stay and hospitalization cost were recorded in the two groupsThe one-time stone clearance rate,postoperative complications and urodynamics(maximum urine flow rate(Qmax),maximum urethral pressure(MUP)and inflammatory stress indicators(C-reactive protein(CP),interleukin-6(
8、IL-6),prostaglandin E2(PGE2)of the two groups were comparedesultsThe surgical time,postoperative ambulation time and totalhospital stay in the LU group were longer than those in the UL group(P005),and the intraoperative bloodloss and hospitalization cost were higher than those in the UL group(P005)T
9、he one-time stone clearancerate of 100%in the LU group was higher than 8592%in the UL group(P005)The total incidence rate ofcomplications was 952%in the LU group,which was not significantly different from 563%in the UL group(P005)After surgery,the Qmax and MUP of the two groups were enhanced compari
10、ng with those beforesurgery(P005),and there were no statistical differences between the LU group and the UL group(P005)After surgery,the levels of serum CP,IL-6 and PGE2in the two groups were higher than those before surgery(P 0 05),and the levels were higher in the LU group than those in the UL gro
11、up(P 0 05)ConclusionBoth LU and UL are safe and effective procedures for complicated upper ureteral calculiIncontrast,LU has a higher one-time stone clearance rate,but UL has smaller surgical trauma and less impact oninflammatory stress of patientsKey words:complicated upper ureteral calculi;retrope
12、ritoneal laparoscopic reterolithotomy;ureteroscopic litho-tripsy;urodynamics;inflammatory stress输尿管结石是主要来源于肾脏的泌尿系结石,其中发生于输尿管上段的结石因所处位置空间结构较为特殊,该处结石常被炎性息肉组织包裹,且结石下输尿管存在狭窄或扭曲,故临床又称复杂性输尿管结石1 常规药物治疗、体外冲击波碎石对复杂性输尿管上段结石清除效果差,临床对该类患者多提倡手术治疗,其中以腔镜技术为代表的微创诊疗手段在输尿管上段结石中应用越来越多2-3 输尿管镜碎石术(ureteroscopic lithotri
13、psy,UL)是经人体自然腔道开展的手术,其碎石效果确切,无体表伤口,是尿路结石中应用较为广泛的治疗手段4 后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术(retroperitoneal laparoscopic urete-rolithotomy,LU)是经腹膜后路的一种腹腔镜下输尿管切开取石术,其主要特点是视野开阔,能一次完整取出结石,且较传统开放手术创伤小,目前,在体积大、结构复杂的输尿管结石治疗中受到青睐5 本研究旨在比较 LU 术和 UL 术在复杂性输尿管上段结石中的应用效果及对患者尿流动力学、炎症应激指标的影响,从而为临床治疗提供参考1资料与方法11一般资料回顾性分析2019 年6 月2021 年6 月
14、成都市第三人民医院收治的 155 例复杂性输尿管上段结石患者的临床资料根据手术方式不同将患者分为LU 组(84 例)和 UL 组(71 例),两组患者一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P005)见表 1本研究经医院医学伦理委员会审核批准,患者自愿签署知情同意书纳入标准:影像学提示结石位于单侧输尿管上段,且满足复杂性结石标准6,即具有下列特征中任意两项:B 超显示肾盂分离30 mm,或静脉肾盂造影提示肾盂肾盏造影不佳;结石病程8 周,或最大横径8 mm;结石为肉芽包裹或远端输尿管存在息肉;结石以下输尿管狭窄或扭曲;自愿接受 UL术或 LU 术治疗;临床资料完善表 1两组患者一般资料Tab1Gener
15、al data of patients in the two groups(?xs)组别n性别(男/女)年龄/岁BMI/(kgm2)t(病程)/周d(结石最大径)/mm 位置(左侧/右侧)LU 组8447/37483106236229216149157144644/40UL 组7142/2946889234327515442146638238/332/t016109450414094515580020P068803470679034601210887排除标准:合并同侧肾结石且需处理者;合并肾肿瘤、肾结核、肾功能不全等其他肾脏疾病者;泌尿系统感染未控制者;心肺功能较差者;存在手术禁忌证或手术不耐
16、受者;妊娠或哺乳期患者12方法LU 组:患者健侧卧位,行气管插管下全麻,腰部垫一软枕,使腰桥抬高;于髂嵴上 2 cm 位置行一 3 cm 左右切口,钝性分离腰背筋膜,将一自制气囊置入,充气(约 400 mL)以促进腹膜后间隙扩张,置入 10 mm Trocar(德国 Wolf 公司);建立 CO2气腹,置入 30观察镜,评估腹膜破损与否;直视下,于腋后线十二肋下 1 cm 位置行一 15 cm 左右切694北华大学学报(自然科学版)第 24 卷口,于腋前线肋弓下分别置入 5、12 mm Trocar;先将肾旁脂肪组织清理干净,于近腰大肌处将肾周筋膜切开,推开肾周脂肪组织,使输尿管上端显露,输尿管膨大且质地较硬处即为结石部位;先游离输尿管前壁、两侧壁结石,为避免结石上移可于结石上方用无损伤钳阻断;采用冷刀系统自上而下将输尿管前壁切开至结石 1/2 位置,直视下将结石剥离并取出,检查有无残留;吸引器引导下置入导丝,留置F6 双 J 管;采用 3-0 可吸收线对输尿管切口行间断缝合,缝线距离 3 mm,深度至输尿管浆肌层,避免贯穿输尿管黏膜;取出结石,冲洗术野,观察有无出血,留置腹膜后引流管