1、农业大数据学报 2023,5(1):116-125 Journal of Agricultural Big Data DOI:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.230120 收稿日期：2023-01-21 基金项目：济南市历下区科技局科技发展计划(20191007)作者简介：第一作者徐佳，女，工程师，研究方向：地球化学制图学及信息化开发；E-mail:。通信作者于林松，高级工程师，博 士研究生，研究方向：地球化学技术研发及技术管理；E-mail:sean_yls 。面向土地质量评价的省级农业地质大数据平台构建 徐佳1,2，康桂玲1,2，于林松1,2*，赵玉岩3，刘敬兵1 1.
2、山东省物化探勘查院，济南 250013；2.山东省地质勘查工程技术研究中心，济南 250013；3.吉林大学，长春 130012 摘要：农业地质是地质科学与现代农业生产发展相结合的边缘学科。面向土地质量评价的农业地质调查涵盖了各种调查比例尺、不同调查对象、多种评价方法，产生各类多源、异构、多尺度和海量基础数据，文章从土地质量评价视角出发，围绕农业地质大数据应用平台的开发进行探索实践。文章采用面向服务架构和 B/S 网络结构，基于 ArcGIS 软件平台和 WebService形式的 OLAP 技术，借助 C#和 JavaScript 开发地理信息共享系统，采用关系型数据库系统 SQL Serv
3、er 和 Geodatabase 进行数据管理，构建省级农业地质大数据平台。该平台集成了以往基础地质、农业地质、区域化探资料，挂接“地质云”(全国地质资料馆)公开馆藏资料，以地图结合图表的形式，直观、动态地展示了农业地质大数据信息。实现山东省农业地质“一张图”、大数据可视化、土壤监测预警、名特优产地环境辅助决策等典型应用。本次大数据平台针对农业地质典型应用进行了探索的研发，实现农业施肥精准化指导，对名特优产品的实现动态监测；面对不同尺度、不同时间的同源异构数据进行可视化对比、网格化比较，对地球化学指标周期性变化的观测，实现对土壤质量现状监测、对土壤环境污染预警的作用。还通过分布式数据挖掘和多维
4、数据分析，实现了省级多目标区域化探、中大比例尺土地质量调查及农业地质相关同源异构数据的叠加分析，即对格网数据时间变化走势的展现，构建了基于地学思维的农业地质检测应用接口，为今后的科技创新提供了决策依据。关键词：农业地质；地质大数据；地质信息化；土地质量评价 引用格式：徐佳,康桂玲,于林松,等.面向土地质量评价的省级农业地质大数据平台构建J.农业大数据学报,2023,5(1):116-125.XU Jia,KANG Guiling,YU Linsong,et al.Construction of provincial agricultural geological survey informat
5、ion system platform for land quality evaluationJ.Journal of Agricultural Big Data,2023,5(1):116-125.Construction of Provincial Agricultural Geological Survey Information System Platform for Land Quality Evaluation XU Jia1,2,KANG Guiling1,2,YU Linsong1,2*,ZHAO Yuyan3,LIU Jingbing1 1.Shandong Institut
6、e of Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,Jinan 250013,China;2.Shandong Geological Exploration Engineering Technology Research Center,Jinan 250013,China;3.Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China Abstract:Agricultural geology is a new field of geological science serving the development strategy of mod
7、ern agricultural production.The agricultural geological survey faced land quality evaluation covered various survey scales,different survey objects,and various evaluation methods,and has produced various multi-source,heterogeneous,multi-scale and massive basic 第 1 期 徐佳等：面向土地质量评价的省级农业地质大数据平台构建 117 da
8、ta.This article,from the perspective of land quality evaluation,has explored and practiced the development of the application platform of agricultural geological big data.The article has adopted service-oriented architecture and B/S network structure,based on ArcGIS software platform and OLAP techno
9、logy in the form of Web Service,has developed a geographic information sharing system with the help of C#and JavaScript,has used relational database systems SQL Server and Geodatabase for data management,and has constructed a provincial agricultural geology big data platform.The platform has integra
10、ted the previous basic geology,agricultural geology and regional geochemical exploration data,linked the geological cloud(National Geological Data Center)to open the collection data,and visually and dynamically displayed the agricultural geological big data information in the form of maps and charts
11、.Realized typical applications such as one map of agricultural geology in Shandong Province,big data visualization,soil monitoring and early warning,and environmental aid decision-making for famous and excellent producing areas.This big data platform has carried out exploratory research and developm
12、ent on typical applications of agricultural geology to achieve precise guidance of agricultural fertilization and dynamic monitoring of famous,special and excellent products;Visual comparison and gridding comparison have been carried out for the homologous and heterogeneous data of different scales
13、and different times,and the observation of the periodic changes of geochemical indicators has been carried out to realize the role of monitoring the status quo of soil quality and early warning of soil environmental pollution.Through distributed data mining and multi-dimensional data analysis,the pr
14、ovincial multi-target regional geochemical exploration,medium and large scale land quality survey,and the superposition analysis of homologous and heterogeneous data related to agricultural geology have also been realized,that is,the display of the time change trend of grid data,and the application
15、interface of agricultural geological detection based on geoscience was constructed,which provides a decision-making basis for future scientific and technological innovation.Key words:agricultural geology;geological big data;geological information;land quality evaluation 1 引言 农业地质是地质科学与现代农业生产发展相结合的边缘
16、学科1，核心应用目标是服务于农业经济和社会发展2。自 1999 年来，中国地质调查局实施农业地质调查计划，在服务农业发展、管控耕地土壤污染、管理国土资源、乡村振兴等方面做出了重大贡献3。面向土地质量评价的农业地质调查主要采用中、大比例尺土地质量地球化学调查方法3-5，调查对象涉及土壤、灌溉水、大气降尘及农作物等，以县域农业地质项目为例，不同类型点位采样密度从 1 点/km2至 16点/km2不等，多目标区域地球化学调查涉及的分析元素与指标包括 Ag、As、Au 等共计 87 项，地球化学评价涉及的分析指标包括有效 B、有效 Cu、有效 Fe等共计 58 项，县域面积按 800 km2计算，则样品分析结果记录可达数万条之多。大数据已经成为农业地质工作的重要标志和本质特征，成为现代农业生产与经营离不开的工具6。基于这样的背景，中华人民共和国自然资源部(原国土资源部)于 2013 年下达了全国地质环境信息化建设方案，提出搭建国土资源数据中心框架，完善省级地质环境数据中心节点建设，为地质灾害、农业地质、城市地质等地学相关专业工作提供专业数据库支持7-8；2018 年，“首届全国地质资料数据创新