1、热带作物学报 2023,44(2):365-374 Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops 收稿日期 2022-06-20；修回日期 2022-08-08 基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目（No.32101696）；中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（桂科 ZY20198005）；广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项（桂农科 2021YT006）。作者简介 韦金菊（1981），女，硕士，副研究员，研究方向：甘蔗引种检疫检验与抗逆育种；*同等贡献作者：李海碧（1990），女，硕士，助理研究员，研究方向：甘蔗抗逆育种。*通信作者（Corresponding author）：李杨瑞（L
2、I Yangrui），E-mail：；刘昔辉（LIU Xihui），E-mail：。引进国外甘蔗种质资源检疫及田间抗病和农艺性状观察 韦金菊1，李海碧2*，周 会1，桂意云1，祝 开1，宋修鹏1，周 珊1，经 艳1，李杨瑞1*，刘昔辉1*1.中国农业科学院甘蔗研究中心/广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/农业农村部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室，广西南宁 530007；2.广西南亚热带农业科学研究所，广西龙州 532415 摘 要：为筛选健康优良的引进甘蔗新种质，丰富甘蔗杂交亲本资源及获得具有直接推广应用价值的优良甘蔗品种，本研究通过法国农业国际合作研究发展中心（CIR
3、AD）下属负责不同国家甘蔗种质资源引进、提供和检疫的机构Visacane 引进法国、美国、巴巴多斯、伯利兹、牙买加、罗马尼亚、圭亚那等国家的甘蔗种质资源 41 份，在广西甘蔗引种检疫室进行 2 个甘蔗生长周期的隔离种植检疫，期间对甘蔗白条病、斐济病和流胶病等检疫性病害进行监测，确定无检疫性有害生物发生后出圃，通过大田试验进行田间自然发病、农艺性状、产量、锤度等调查。结果表明，引进的 41 份国外甘蔗种质均无检疫性病虫害；大田自然发病试验筛选出抗病优良甘蔗种质 B03-224、B03-876、FG08-057、FG08-757、FG09-128、FG09-331、FG09-367、FG09-53
4、8 和 FR89-746 共 9 份，可考虑作为抗病亲本；筛选出高糖甘蔗种质 B03-224、BBZ88-343、BJ99-32、BR08-004、CP04-1844、CP05-1526、FG06-691 和 FG09-367 共 8 份，锤度评价为 1 等级，可作为高糖亲本；筛选出高产甘蔗种质 BZ93-855、CP00-1446、FG09-124、FG09-346 和 FR90-881 共 5 份，产量评价为 1 等级，可用作高产亲本；筛选出农艺性状整体评价优良种质 B03-224、BBZ93-855、BJ99-106、CP00-1446、CP05-1526、FG04-333、FG06-6
5、91、FG07-338、FG09-124、FG09-128 和 FG09-367 共 11 份，其综合性状较好，产量潜力较大，拟进入下一轮比较试验继续筛选；并综合抗病性、高产、高糖等农艺性状评价，从中筛选出 B03-224、FG09-128、FG09-367 和 CP05-1526 综合表现优良的 4 份甘蔗种质进入下一步品种比较试验，以期筛选出能适应广西生态环境的高产、高糖、抗病的甘蔗种质进行推广种植。以上甘蔗种质已全部进入广西南宁甘蔗种质资源圃和广西农业科学院三亚甘蔗杂交育种基地保存，将进一步开展抗旱性和抗寒性等评价及后续杂交利用研究。本研究可为引进国外甘蔗种质的利用提供参考依据。关键词：
6、甘蔗；种质资源；隔离检疫；病害；分子检测；农艺性状 中图分类号：S566.1 文献标识码：A Quarantine and Field Resistance Disease and Agronomic Trait Ob-servation of Introduced Foreign Sugarcane Germplasm WEI Jinju1,LI Haibi2*,ZHOU Hui1,GUI Yiyun1,ZHU Kai1,SONG Xiupeng1,ZHOU Shan1,JING Yan1,LI Yangrui1*,LIU Xihui1*1.Sugarcane Research Center
7、,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Ag-ricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement(Guangxi),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Nanning,Guangx
8、i 530007,China;2.Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute,Longzhou,Guangxi 532415,China 366 热带作物学报 第 44 卷 Abstract:In order to screen healthy and excellent introduced sugarcane germplasm,enrich sugarcane hybrid parent re-sources and obtain excellent sugarcane varieties with
9、direct popularization and application value,41 foreign sugarcane germplasm materials from France,United States,Barbados,Belize,Jamaica,Romania,Guyana and other countries in-troduced through Visacane,CIRAD,France,responsible for introduction,export and quarantine of sugarcane germ-plasm from differen
10、t countries,were planted in quarantine house for two sugarcane growth cycles.During the period,the quarantine disease such as sugarcane white stripe disease,Fiji disease and gummosis disease were monitored.After qualified quarantine,the natural disease occurrence,agronomic traits,cane yield and suga
11、r content were investigated in field experiment.The 41 introduced foreign sugarcane germplasm entries had quarantine diseases and pests.In the field natural disease test,there were nine sugarcane germplasms B03-224,B03-876,FG08-057,FG08-757,FG09-128,FG09-331,FG09-367,FG09-538 and FR89-746 with good
12、disease resistance,which could be used as disease resistant parents.Eight high sugar germplasms with high sugar content,B03-224,BBZ88-343,BJ99-32,BR08-004,CP04-1844,CP05-1526,FG06-691 and FG09-367,were evaluated as 1 grade,which could be used as high sugar parent.Five high-yield germplasms with high
13、 yield,BZ93-855,CP00-1446,FG09-124,FG09-346 and FR90-881,were evaluated as grade 1 and could be used as high-yield parents.Eleven germplasms,B03-224,BBZ93-855,BJ99-106,CP00-1446,CP05-1526,FG04-333,FG06-691,FG07-338,FG09-124,FG09-128 and FG09-367,with high-yield and excellent ag-ronomic characters,en
14、tered the next round of comparative test to continue screening.In order to select sugarcane germ-plasms with high yield,high sugar and disease resistance that can adapt to the ecological environment of Guangxi for direct planting,four with excellent comprehensive performance,B03-224,FG09-128,FG09-36
15、7 and CP05-1526,were selected for the further variety comparison test.All sugarcane germplasms were kept in Nanning Sugarcane Germplasm Resources Nursery and Sanya Sugarcane Cross Breeding Base of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences for further evaluation of drought resistance,cold resistance,a
16、nd subsequent cross utilization.This study could provide reference for the utilization of sugarcane germplasms introduced from abroad.Keywords:sugarcane;germplasm;quarantine;disease;molecular detection;agronomic trait DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2023.02.016 广西是我国主要的糖料蔗生产基地，2021 年甘蔗种植面积约 77.48 万 hm2，蔗糖产量约占我国食糖总产量的 90%1-3。广西目前的主栽品种为桂糖 42 号和桂柳 05136，均易感黑穗病，加上多年连作，导致黑穗病发病率居高不下1，急需选育和推广抗病性强、高糖、高产的优良甘蔗品种。选育糖分、产量、抗逆性、宿根性和适应性等表现更优的甘蔗新品种是我国甘蔗育种努力的目标，然而常规杂交育种要获得突破，引进和利用国外丰富的甘蔗亲本资源极为重要。近 40 a来，广西在甘蔗种质资源引进