1、2023-07 50(4)国际口腔医学杂志 International Journal of StomatologyIPS e.maxCAD和Lava Ultimate在贴面修复中的有限元分析黄依欢 李委航 马典 陈瑾 钱捷 李旭东昆明医科大学附属口腔医院口腔修复科 昆明 650106摘要 目的对比不同厚度的2种材料制作的贴面修复左上颌第一磨牙的应力分布情况,为贴面的临床应用提供理论指导。方法提取左上颌第一磨牙的Micro CT数据,按不同厚度(0.6和1.0 mm)及不同材料IPS e.maxCAD(LD)和 Lava Ultimate(LU)建立贴面修复左上颌第一磨牙的 4 个有限元模型,
2、分别为 LD0.6、LD1.0、LU0.6和LU1.0,模拟口内上颌第一磨牙的轴向载荷F1和侧方载荷F2,记录各载荷时贴面、牙体组织和粘接层的最大主应力(MaxPS)和最小主应力(MinPS)的大小及分布情况,对MaxPS和MinPS进行百分比量化的定量分析,并用威布尔分析计算各模型的失效概率。结果1)仅釉质达到该材料的拉伸强度;2)在各组中,LD组的贴面所受到MaxPS和MinPS绝对值显著大于LU组的,变化量分别为11.4%34.7%和-18.2%-9.5%;而LD 组的牙体组织以及粘接层的 MaxPS 和 MinPS 绝对值小于 LU 组的,变化量分别为-187.1%2.4%和-1.4%
3、16.9%。当修复体厚度由0.6增加为1.0 mm时,LD组的贴面所受到的MaxPS和MinPS绝对值显著减小,变化量分别为20.0%21.0%和-5.7%-3.9%;而LU组的MaxPS和MinPS绝对值变化不明显;3)F1的整体模型失效概率为 LU0.6LU1.0LD0.6LD1.0,轴向载荷 F2的整体模型失效概率为 LU0.6LU1.0LD1.0LD0.6,F1的失效均低于F2。结论1)比起LU,LD制作的贴面承担更大的应力,从而保护其龈方的牙体组织和粘接层;2)厚度对LD的应力分布影响显著,而对LU的影响不显著。关键词 有限元分析;贴面;材料;厚度中图分类号 R 783.3 文献标志
4、码 A doi 10.7518/gjkq.2023063Finite element analysis of IPS e.maxCAD and Lava Ultimate materials with different thickness in occlusal veneer Huang Yihuan,Li Weihang,Ma Dian,Chen Jin,Qian Jie,Li Xudong.(Dept.of Prosthodontics,Hospital of Stomatology,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650106,China)This
5、 study was supported by Medical Reserve Personnel Training of Yunnan Provincial Health Committee(H-2019019)and Graduate Innovation Fund of Kunming Medical University(2021S148).Abstract ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the stress distribution in the left maxillary first molar restored with an occ
6、lusal veneer made of two kinds of materials with different thickness and provide a theoretical reference for the clinical application of occlusal veneer.MethodsMicro CT data of the left maxillary first molar were extracted and four finite element models of the left maxillary first molar with an occl
7、usal veneer of different thicknesses(0.6 and 1.0 mm)and different materials IPS e.maxCAD(LD)and Lava Ultimate(LU)were established,respectively,LD0.6,LD1.0,LU0.6,and LU1.0.Then,the axial load F1 and lateral load F2 of the maxillary first molar were simulated.The maximum principal stress(MaxPS)and min
8、imum principal stress(MinPS)of occlusal veneer,tooth tissue and adhesive layer were recorded under two kinds of loads.The MaxPS and MinPS were quantitatively analyzed by percentage quantification and the failure probability of the models was calculated using Weibull analysis.Results 1)Only the ename
9、l reached the tensile strength of the material.2)In each group,the MaxPS and the absolute value of MinPS of 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)论著 收稿日期 20221019;修回日期 20230308基金项目 云南省卫生健康委员会医学后备人才培养项目(H-2019019);昆明医科大学研究生创新基金(2021S148)作者简介 黄依欢,医师,硕士,Email:通信作者 钱捷,副主任医师,硕士,Email:J 423国际口腔医学杂志 International Journal of
10、Stomatology2023-07 50(4)occlusal veneer of LD-restored teeth were significantly higher than that of LU-restored teeth,with variations of 11.4%-34.7%and from-18.2%to-9.5%,respectively.However,the MaxPS(from-187.1%to 2.4%)and the absolute value of MinPS(from-1.4%to 16.9%)of tooth tissue and adhesive l
11、ayer of LD-restored teeth were lower than those of LU-restored teeth.When the restoration thickness increased from 0.6 mm to 1.0 mm,the MaxPS and the absolute value of MinPS of occlusal veneer of LD-restored teeth significantly decreased,with variations from 20.0%to 21.0%and from-5.7%to-3.9%,respect
12、ively,whereas that of LU-restored teeth did not change.3)The failure probability of overall models of F1 and F2 was LU0.6LU1.0LD0.6 LD1.0 and LU0.6LU1.0LD1.0LD0.6,respectively.Moreover,the failure probability of F1 was lower than that of F2.Conclusion1)Compared with LU,occlusal veneer made by LD tak
13、es on more stress to protect the dental tissue and adhesive layer.2)The thickness has a significant effect on the stress distribution of LD,but not on LU.Key words finite element analysis;occlusal veneer;material;thickness贴面主要用于化学因素或机械磨耗所导致的面硬组织缺损,需要重建面形态者1。目前,修复体大于1 mm的常规厚度在临床上均取得了良好的疗效2-4,而对于个别牙的磨
14、耗,同时对颌牙伸长限制了咬合空间者,为了减少术后敏感,降低根管治疗的概率,不得以需使用非常规厚度的贴面,即0.6 mm的超薄厚度和0.61.0 mm的薄厚度,其临床疗效仍不明确。对于制作贴面的材料需要有良好的粘接性能以及足够的强度,目前临床上常见的主要有以下2类,一类是陶瓷材料,该类材料以二硅酸锂增强玻璃陶瓷(IPS e.max CAD,LD)为代表,LD是将偏硅酸锂嵌入到玻璃晶体中,所形成的以二硅酸锂晶体为增强相的玻璃陶瓷,该晶体大小为1.5 m,体积分数为70%,挠曲强度可达到300420 MPa5,且由于该材料内含有大量的玻璃基质,被氢氟酸酸蚀后可获得极高的粘接强度;另外一类是混合瓷材料
15、,该类材料以纳米陶瓷材料(Lava Ultimate,LU)为代表,LU是将411 nm的二氧化锆与20 nm的二氧化硅混合所形成的直径为0.61 m纳米陶瓷颗粒嵌入到树脂支架中,纳米陶瓷填料含量达质量分数80%,挠曲强度高达200 MPa6,该材料既有陶瓷材料所具有硬度高、热传导低、不导电、耐磨耗、色泽逼真而稳定、生物相容性好等优点7,同时又有树脂材料易调改,方便修补,无需烧结等特点。已有多个研究8证明在人工疲劳阶段混合瓷有较好的抗疲劳效果。基于上述研究,本实验通过有限元分析(finite element analysis,FEA)对比不同厚度的2种材料制作的贴面受到力时修复体、牙体组织及粘
16、接层的应力如何分布,为贴面的临床应用提供理论参考。1 材料和方法1.1 离体牙及Micro CT数据的获取于昆明医科大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科收集1颗因牙周原因而拔除的左上颌第一磨牙,患者知情同意。选用牙齿满足以下条件:牙齿完整,无龋坏、缺损,形态和大小符合中国人恒牙牙体测量统计表9。采用Micro CT对离体牙进行扫描,导出医学数字成像和通信(digital imaging and communications in medicine,DICOM)格式数据。1.2 左上颌第一磨牙模型的建立使用Mimics Medical 21.0处理Micro CT数据,通过基于图像密度区分釉质、牙本质、牙髓,并将以上3个模型保存并导入到Geomagic studio,光滑处理各模型后将其保存并导入SolidWorks 2019中,获得完整的左上颌第一磨牙。1.3 左上颌第一磨牙牙体预备形、粘接层、修复体及牙周组织三维模型的建立在SolidWorks中,通过对左上颌第一磨牙面及轴面进行切割获得左上颌第一磨牙贴面预备体模型,再形成50 m粘接层8,0.6和1.0 mm的贴面。在左上颌第一磨牙模型的釉