1、146Clinical Research,Sept.2023,Vol.31 No.09作者简介:汪岳,女,主管护师,本科。研究方向:临床护理方面。临床护理鼻窦冲洗护理在功能性鼻内镜鼻窦手术患者中的应用效果汪岳(郑州大学第一附属医院 鼻科,河南 郑州 450000)摘要:目的 分析鼻窦冲洗护理用于功能性鼻内镜下鼻窦手术患者的效果。方法 选择 2020 年 6 月至 2022 年 6 月在郑州大学第一附属医院开展功能性鼻内镜下鼻窦手术的 94 例患者进行研究,按随机数字表法分至对照组(依据常规开展鼻科手术护理)和观察组(于对照组基础上开展鼻窦冲洗护理)各 47 例,比较两组护理前后嗅觉功能、鼻部阻
2、塞症状疾病特异性量表(NOSE)及鼻腔鼻窦结局-22 测量量表(SNOT-22)得分、术后并发症情况及对护理工作的满意度。结果 护理前,两组嗅觉功能及 NOSE 得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0.05);护理后,两组嗅觉功能及 NOSE得分均较前降低,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05),且观察组嗅觉功能及 NOSE 得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。护理前,两组睡眠功能症状、心理情感结果、生理问题方面的SNOT-22得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);护理后,两组各项 SNOT-22 得分均较前降低,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05),且观察组各项 SNOT-22 得分均低
3、于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组鼻黏膜粘连、囊泡、积脓和息肉样水肿等术后并发症发生比例(4.26)低于对照组(17.02),差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。观察组对护理工资的满意度(93.62)高于对照组(78.72),差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)结论 鼻窦冲洗护理用于功能性鼻内镜下鼻窦手术患者能缓解鼻部阻塞症状,改善嗅觉功能,提高生活质量和满意度,值得采用。关键词:鼻窦冲洗护理;功能性鼻内镜;鼻窦手术;嗅觉功能;并发症;满意度中图分类号:R473文献标志码:B DOI:10.12385/j.issn.2096-1278(2023)09-0146-04Applied Ef
4、fect of Sinus Irrigation and Nursing During the Functional Endoscopic Sinus SurgeryWANG Yue(Department of Rhinology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China)Abstract:Objective To analyze the effect of sinus irrigation nursing in patients with functional endo
5、scopic sinus surgery.Methods A total of 94 patients who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2020 to June 2022 were selected for the study.According to the random number table method,they were divided into the control group(
6、routine nasal surgery nursing)and the observation group(sinus irrigation nursing on the basis of the control group),with 47 cases in each group.The olfactory function,disease-specific scales of nasal obstruction symptoms(NOSE)and nasal-sinus outcome-22 measurement scale(SNOT-22),postoperative compli
7、cations and satisfaction with nursing work were compared between the two groups before and after nursing.Results Before care,the olfactory function and NOSE scores between groups were not significantly different(P 0.05);After nursing,the scores of olfactory function and NOSE in the two groups were l
8、ower than before,and the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05),and the scores of olfactory function and NOSE in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05).Before nursing,there were no statistically signific
9、ant differences in the scores of SNOT-22 in sleep function symptoms,psychological and emotional results,and physiological problems between the two groups(P 0.05).After nursing,the SNOT-22 scores of the two groups were lower than before,and the differences were statistically significant(P0.05),and th
10、e SNOT-22 scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications such as nasal mucosal adhesion,vesicles,empyema and polypoid edema in the observation group(4.26%)was lower tha
11、n that in the control group(17.02%),and the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).The satisfaction of nursing work in the observation group(93.62%)was higher than that in the control group(78.72%),and the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion Sinus irrigation nursing
12、 for patients with functional endoscopic sinus surgery can relieve nasal obstruction symptoms,improve olfactory function,quality of life and satisfaction,which is worthy of adoption.Key Words:sinus irrigation and nursing;functional endoscopic sinus surgery;sinus surgery;olfactory function;complicati
13、ons;satisfaction鼻息肉以及鼻窦炎属于临床比较常见的疾病类型,这类疾病不仅发病率较高,治疗后也易复发,会对患者的日常工作以及生活产生严重影响1。当前,临床在上述疾病治疗中多选择手术,其中功能性鼻内镜下鼻窦手术是主要的手术方式,有着创伤低、视野清楚、操作方便等优点,其是依据病变程度,在将病变彻底清除前提下,尽可能保留鼻腔、鼻窦中正常的黏膜和结构,使患者重建起正常通气、引流以及黏膜上皮清洁功能,给鼻息肉以及鼻窦炎治疗带来了新的发展方向,得到医患双方高度认可2。但手术治疗期间还有不足的地方,如会引起鼻窦损伤,且术后分泌物异常会延缓愈合进程,产生的血痂和肉芽也能影响手术效果3。为防止上述
14、情况出现,需开展鼻窦冲洗护理以加快分泌物排出,促进鼻窦愈合,提升手术效果。据有关研究显示4,鼻内镜下鼻窦手术147临床研究 2023 年 09 月第 31 卷第 09 期患者接受鼻窦冲洗护理能缓解其疼痛感,提升其满意度,促进其康复。基于此,本研究现对在郑州大学第一附属医院开展功能性鼻内镜下鼻窦手术的 94 例患者进行研究,分析鼻窦冲洗护理用于该类患者的效果,旨在为临床拟定有关护理方案提供参考依据,主要内容如下。1资料和方法1.1一般资料选择 2020 年 6 月至 2022 年 6 月在本院开展功能性鼻内镜下鼻窦手术的 94 例患者进行研究,按随机数字表法分至对照组、观察组各有 47 例,对照
15、组男 27 例,女20 例;年龄 20 64 岁,平均(40.185.36)岁;病程3 20 年,平均(11.262.58)年;发病位置:单侧鼻腔 22 例,双侧鼻腔比例 25 例。观察组男 28 例,女 19 例;年龄 20 65 岁,平均(40.565.20)岁;病程 2 20 年,平均(11.142.76)年;发病位置:单侧鼻腔 21 例,双侧鼻腔26例。两组各项资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),说明两组基线一致,具有可比性。本研究获得郑州大学第一附属医院医学伦理委员会通过,同时取得患者知情同意并签署有关书面说明。纳入标准:均依据症状、体征、鼻内镜和 CT 等检查确诊为鼻窦炎伴鼻
16、息肉;年龄不低于 20 岁;经半年药物治疗后未达到理想疗效;符合相关手术指征。排除标准:鼻部有过敏史或存在哮喘者;以往鼻部接受过手术者;存在感染、免疫缺陷或者恶性肿瘤者;凝血功能有异常者;存在重度器质性病变者;依从性较差者;拒绝或中途退出研究者。1.2方法两组均由相同一组医务人员进行功能性鼻内镜下鼻窦手术。对照组据常规开展鼻科手术护理,即术后连续采取 2 周抗生素以防感染,同时采取类固醇例如丙 酸 倍 氯 米 松 鼻 喷 剂(GlaxoWellcomeSA;国 药 准 字H20120251;50g/喷),每次各鼻孔喷 2 下,每日 2 次;术后 1 周开展首次复查,将鼻腔中脓性分泌物清理干净,并清除新生的肉芽组织,经面胶海绵对粘连位置进行分离,后定期复查,总共 3 个月。观察组于上述基础上加以鼻窦冲洗护理,术后一周后每周 1 次,连续冲洗鼻窦直到出院后 3 个月。术后复查时,选择一次性使用引流袋(山东威高集团医用高分子制品股份有限公司;鲁威械备 20160011 号)、一次性使用引流管(苏州市鑫达医疗器材有限公司;苏械准号20152140968)与常温生理盐水 1000mL(石家庄四药