1、2012年天津市高考英语试卷解析版参考答案与试题解析第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项1（1分）Can I have a day off tomorrow，MrJohnson？_I can manage without you（）AForget itBIm afraid notCIt dependsDOf course【考点】JI：语言交际菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：约翰逊先生，明天我可以请一天的假吗？当然可以，没有你我能应付【解答】答案DA项休想；算了吧；B项我恐怕不行；C
2、项视情况而定；D项当然；根据答语中I can manage without you可知，明天没有你我能应付，说明是同意对方请假因此D项符合语境，故选D【点评】本题考查情景交际解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关系其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆2（1分）The letters for the boss_ on his desk but he didnt read them until three later（）Awere putBwas putCputDhas put【考点】F4：一般过去时的被动语态
3、菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：给老板的那些信（被）放在他的办公桌上，但他直到三天后才读【解答】答案A 此处The letters 和put之间是被动关系由but he didnt read可知，应该用过去式，即：一般过去时的被动语态故选：A【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态主要看句子的主语和动词之间是主动还是被动关系，然后再根据时间状语确定时态3（1分）You were working too hardYoud better keep a _between work and relaxation（）ApromiseBleadCbalanceDdiary【考点】35：名词的词义辨析菁优网版权所有【分
4、析】句意：你工作太卖力了你最好在工作和休息之间保持平衡【解答】答案C A项许诺，承诺； B项领导，榜样；C项平衡；D项日记由句意可知是在工作和休息之间保持平衡故选C项【点评】考查名词词义辨析要掌握每一个名词的意思，然后再根据句意选择合适的名词即可4（1分）The dog may be a good companion for the old_，the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage（）ABesidesBHoweverCThereforeDInstead【考点】91：并列连词菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：狗对老年人来说可能是好伙伴然而
5、，遛狗可能会很不方便【解答】答案：BA项除之外；B项然而；C项因此；D项相反的前一句有good，后一句又有disadvantage前后意思转折，应该用转折连词故选B项【点评】考查连词主要要弄清每一个连词的意思，然后再根据句意选择合适的连词即可5（1分）You have to believe in yourselfNo one else will，if you dont_Confidence is really important（）AIts not my cup of teaBThats not the pointCI dont think soDI couldnt agree more【考点
6、】JI：语言交际菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：你必须要相信你自己如果你不相信你自己，就没有人能相信（你）我非常赞同信心真的很重要【解答】答案DA项那不是我感兴趣的；B项那不是问题的关键；C项我不这么认为；D项我完全赞同；根据答语中Confidence is really important可知，相信自己（对自己有信心）是很重要的，与上句中所表达的观点You have to believe in yourself是一致的也就是说完全赞同对方所表达的观点因此D项符合语境，故选D【点评】本题考查情景交际解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关系其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根
7、据语境锁定正确答案关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆6（1分）Only after Mary read her composition the second time_ the spelling mistake（）Adid she noticeBshe noticedCdoes she noticeDshe has noticed【考点】GB：倒装句菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：只有当玛丽第二次读了她的作文后，她才注意到拼写错误【解答】答案A 此处是部分倒装因为Only+状语置于句首时，句子要部分倒装，即：用一般疑问句的语序排除B、D两项由于句子是一般过去式，所以选A项【点评】考查倒
8、装只要掌握在哪几种情况下用部分倒装即可此题是Only+状语置于句首，句子部分倒装特别要注意的是Only+主语置于句首，句子不到装7（1分）I wish to thank Professor Smith，without_help I would never have got this far（）AwhoBwhoseCwhomDwhich【考点】58：连接代词；H2：非限制性定语从句菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：我希望感谢史密斯教授，要是没有了他的帮助，我不可能走这么远【解答】答案：B 本题定语从句的先行词是Professor Smith，在定语从句中，关系代词应该指代先行词，并在从句中作为hel
9、p的定语选项中只有whose可以放在名词前面做定语故选：B【点评】解答定语从句的关键是 分析句子成分，如果定语从句的句子成分很完整就使用关系副词；如果句子缺少主语，宾语，表语或者定语的时候就使用关系代词同时也要注意一些关系词的特殊用法，尤其是that的特殊用法，既要注意普遍性，也要注意特殊性特别关注：Whose是可以放在名词前面做定语的关系代词，如果缺少定语，用whose引导定语从句，或是of which the+名词/the+名词+of which要特别注意which引导非限制性短语从句的用法8（1分）Its quite warm here； we _turn the heating on
10、yet（）AcouldntBmustntCneedntDwouldnt【考点】A6：情态动词；G4：否定句菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：今天这里相当暖和，我们没必要开暖气【解答】答案：C 根据上文这里相当暖和，可以推知下文应该是：我们没必要开暖气couldnt不可能；mustnt禁止；neednt不需要；wouldnt不会根据语境，本题应该选择C【点评】考查情态动词要注意句子所表达的含义中含有什么样的语气9（1分）It doesnt matter _you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park（）Awheth
11、erBhowCifDwhen【考点】92：从属连词菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：你在十路口向右拐还是向左拐都没关系两条路都可以到达公园【解答】答案：A 此题考查主语从句It是形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的从句和or连用时，用whether引导主语从句if作是否讲时，不引导主语从句故选：A【点评】考查主语从句主要要记住引导主语从句的连词，然后根据句意选择连词即可10（1分）The secretary arranged a（n）_time and space for the applicants to have an interview（）AimportantBspareCpublicD
12、convenient【考点】64：形容词词意辨析菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：秘书为申请人安排了合适的被采访的时间和地点【解答】答案：D A项重要的； B项闲暇的，多余的；C项公众的；D项方便的，便利的由句意可知，此处是指方便的时间和地点故选D项【点评】考查形容词词义辨析要掌握每一个形容词的意思，然后再根据句意选择合适的形容词即可11（1分）He got up late and hurried to his office，_the breakfast untouched（）AleftBto leaveCleavingDhaving left【考点】B3：现在分词；HJ：结果状语从句菁优网版权所有
13、【分析】句意：他起床晚了，然后匆匆忙忙地去了办公室，没有吃早饭【解答】答案：C 此处是现在分词作结果状语由于got up late 所以没吃早饭，这是自然而然的结果，用现在分词做结果状语而不定式也可以做结果状语，只是表示出乎意料的结果故选：C【点评】考查现在分词作结果状语主要要区分开与不定式作作结果状语的不同现在分词做结果状语表示自然而然的结果；而不定式做结果状语，只是表示出乎意料的结果12（1分）The three of us_around Europe for about a month last summer（）AtravelledBhave travelledChad travelle
14、dDtravel【考点】E2：一般过去时菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：去年我们当中的三个人在欧洲旅行了大约一个月【解答】答案：A 由时间状语last summer可知，动词应该用一般过去式，指发生在过去的动作故选A项【点评】考查一般过去式主要掌握一般过去式的定义及一些时间状语即可13（1分）Parents and children should communicate more to _the gap between them so that they can understand each other better（）AopenBnarrowCwidenDleave【考点】A8：实义动词菁优网
15、版权所有【分析】句意为：家长和孩子应该多交流，来缩小他们之间的代沟，以便他们能够更好地理解彼此【解答】答案：B open意思是打开，narrow形容词的意思是狭窄的，作为动词意思是（使） 变窄，缩小，widen意思是拓宽，leave意思是离开 根据下文so that they can understand each other better可知，家长和孩子之间应该缩小他们之间的代沟，所以本题应该选择B【点评】了解各个选项的词义，再结合句意选择正确的选项14（1分）Everything was placed exactly _he wanted it for the graduation cer
16、emony（）AwhileBwhenCwhereDthough【考点】HI：地点状语从句菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：为了毕业典礼，一切东西都已精确地放在了他想要地方【解答】答案：C根据 was placed （被放在）可知其后为地点状语，where引导地点状语从句，在从句中作地点状语，这里缺少地点状语所放的位置，故C项符合语境故选：C【点评】分析句子中主句和从句之间的关系，特别是主句中的谓语动词，然后根据需要选择适当连词15（1分）We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _us a ride home（）Adidnt offerBwou
17、ldnt offerChasnt offeredDhadnt offered【考点】GJ：虚拟语气菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：昨天要不是Harold载我们回家，我们可能就叫出租车了【解答】答案：D 主句中的谓语would have called a taxi表示本句所表达的内容与过去事实相反，从句中应该用过去完成时所以本题选择D【点评】考查此类题型，需要理解表示于过去事实相反的假设中的句型结构句型：条件从句：过去完成时；主句：should（would）have+过去分词第二节：完形填空（共1小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）16（30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给出的A
18、、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it，when I was 13My parents took us there for campingOn the way out，I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1Capitan，a（16）B rock of 3，300feet straight upI touched that giant rock and knew（17）A I wanted to climb itThat ha
19、s been my lifes passion （钟爱） ever since（18）D the rocks and mountains of YosemiteIve long made Yosemite my （19）BAbout 15years ago I started seeing a lot of（20）C，like toilet paper，beer cans，and empty boxes，around the areaIts（21）A me why visitors started respecting the place（22）C and treated such a bea
20、utiful homelike place this wayI tried （23）B trash（垃圾）myself，but the job was too bigI would （24）Dan hour or two on the job，only to find the area trashed all over again weeks laterFinally，I got so（25）C it that I decided something had to changeAs a rockclimbing guide，I knew（26）Dabout organizing any big
21、 eventBut in 2004，together with some climbers，I set a date for a（27）AOn that day，more than 300people （28）BOver three days we collected about 6，000pounds of trashIt was amazing how much we were able to（29）CI couldnt believe the（30）D we madethe park looked clean!Each year volunteers come for the clean
22、up from everywhereIn 2007alone，2，945people picked up 42，330pounds of trash and（31）C 132miles of roadwayI often hear people（32）B about their surroundingsIf you are one of them，I would say the only way to change things is by（33）A rather than complainingWe need to teach by （34）CYou cant blame others（35
23、）D you start with yourself16AdistantBhugeCnarrowDloose17AimmediatelyBfinallyCgraduallyDrecently18AimaginingBpaintingCdescribingDclimbing19AgardenBhomeClabDpalace20AmaterialBresourcesCwasteDgoods21AbeyondBagainstCoverDwithin22AmoreBmostClessDleast23Athrowing awayBpicking upCbreaking downDdigging out2
24、4AkillBsaveCwaitDspend25Asatisfied withBdelighted inCtired ofDused to26AsomethingBanythingCeverythingDnothing27AcleanupBpartyCpicnicDconcert28Adropped outBshowed upClooked aroundDcalled back29AdemandBreceiveCaccomplishDovercome30AplanBvisitCcontactDdifference31AcrossedBmeasuredCcoveredDdesigned32Ata
25、lkBcomplainCargueDquarrel33AdoingBthinkingCquestioningDwatching34AmethodBexplanationCexampleDresearch35AalthoughBifCwhenDuseless【考点】L1：记叙文；MB：健康环保类阅读；N3：上下文逻辑推测菁优网版权所有【分析】本文是一篇记叙文文章讲述了我把Yosemite National Park当做自己的家当我看到里面有大量的垃圾时，开始是自己，后来组织大家捡垃圾由此我明白改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨【解答】答案：1620 BADBC 2125 ACBDC 2630
26、DABCD 3135 CBACD16B从下文的thatgrant rock可知选B17Aimmediately立即，马上句意：我触摸到那块巨石时，立刻知道我想攀登它18D根据17空后的climb可知19B根据22空后的such a beautiful homelike place可知20C根据like 后面列举的内容可知21Abeyond超出句意：我不理解游客为什么不爱护这个地方22C根据上文游客在这样一个美丽的地方丢弃大量的垃圾，故选less23B根据上文，我看到游客丢垃圾很心痛，于是自己去捡起那些游客丢弃的垃圾pike up 捡起；throwaway 扔掉；breakdown出故障，抛锚；
27、谈判破裂； digout发掘、找到24D花费时间做某事用spend sometime on sth故选D 25C根据上文的only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later，以及下文的that I decided something had to change可知作者自己疲惫了单独捡垃圾26D根据下一句but后的内容，可知此句意思为作者不知道如何组织大型活动27A根据下文中的超过三百多人参加捡垃圾以及下一段中的each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere，可知此处
28、选A（清扫）28B根据下一句over three days we collected about 6，000 pounds of trash可知那一天，超出三百多人参加了清扫垃圾的活动，故选B（出席，到场）29C根据上一句over three days we collected about 6，000 pounds of trash可知选C（完成）30D根据破折号后的the park looked clean可知，因为我们把公园里的垃圾捡完了，公园变得干净了，与以前不同了，故选D31C此句的意思是单独2007一年中，2，945 个人捡了42，330磅垃圾，覆盖了132英里的路面32B根据33空
29、后的complain可知选B33A此句意思是我想说改变事情的唯一方式是做，而不是抱怨，故选A34C句意为我们需要榜样，故选C35D句意为我们不能责备别人，除非以身作则，故选D【点评】做完形填空时，要了解完形填空题的设空原则，用正确的思维解题，不抠字词用法，不断章取义先浏览全文，概括大意，然后再根据对上下文文意的理解和行文逻辑的把握来答题第二部分：阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分49.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项17（12.5分）Bicycle SafetyOperation Always ride your bike in a safe，con
30、trolled manner on campus（校园）Obey rules and regulationsWatch out for walkers and other bicyclists，and always use your lights in dark conditionsTheft Prevention Always securely lock your bicycle to a bicycle rackeven if you are only away for a minuteRegister your bike with the University Department of
31、 Public SafetyIts fast，easy，and freeRegistration permanently records your serial number，which is useful in the possible recovery of the bike stolenEquipmentBrakes Make sure that they are in good working order and adjusted properlyHelmet A necessity，make sure your helmet meets current safety standard
32、s and fit properlyLights Always have a front headlightvisible at least 500feet in front of the bikeA taillight is agood ideaRules of the RoadRiding on Campus As a bicycle rider，you have a responsibility to ride only on streets and posted bicycle pathsRiding on sidewalks or other walkways can lead to
33、 a fineThe speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15mph，unless otherwise postedAlways give the right of ways to walkersIf you are involved in an accident，you are required to offer appropriate aid，call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you goBicycle Parking
34、 Only park in areas reserved for bikesTrees，handrails，hallways，and sign posts are not for bicycle parking，and parking in such posts can result in a fineIf Things Go WrongIf you break the rules，you will be finedBesides violating rules while riding bicycles on campus，you could be fined for：No bicycle
35、registration25dollarsBicycleparkivngbanned30dollarsBlocking path with bicycle40dollarsViolationofbicycleequipmentrequirement35dollars36Registration of your bicycle may help youAAfind your stolen bicycleBget your serial numberCreceive free repair servicesDsettle conflicts with walkers37According to t
36、he passage，what bike equipment is a free choice for bicycle riders？DABrakesBA helmetCA headlightDA taillight38When you ride a bicycle on the campus，CAride on posted bicycle paths and sidewalksBcycle at a speed of over 15mphCput the walkersright of way firstDcall the police before leaving in a case o
37、f accident39If you lock your bicycle to a tree on the campus，you could be finedBA.25 B.30 C.35 D.4040What is the passage mainly about？AAA guide for safe bicycling on campusBDirections for bicycle tour on campusCRegulations of bicycle race on campusDRules for riding motor vehicles on campus【考点】OA：健康环
38、保类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理菁优网版权所有【分析】本文讲述的主要是在校园里要安全使用自行车，以及校园内骑自行车时要遵守的交通规则首先为了防盗，要对使用的自行车进行登记；其次，必须得保证自行车的刹车性能良好，要调整好刹车；必须配有头盔，并且确保头盔符合当前的安全标准以及大小要合适；自行车必须得有一个前大灯，可见度至少要能照到自行车前500英尺校园骑车的交通规则：只能在街道上或标有自行车标记的路上骑车，违者将罚款；并且限速每小时不能超过15英里，要给步行者让路；一旦发生了事故，需要提供适当的帮助，保护好现场，并且电话报警，等到警察允许了才能离开要将自行车停在校园内的预留
39、位置，禁止乱停乱放，否则会导致罚款最后还规定了各种罚款的细则【解答】36 A 细节理解题根据Theft Prevention部分中的Registration permanently recordsin the possible recovery of the bike stolen自行车登记可以永久记录你的序列号，这样会对被盗自行车有可能失而复得有用所以给自行车登记可以帮你找到丢失的自行车，故选A37 D 细节理解题根据Equipment部分，Brakes Make sure thatHelmet A necessity，make sureLights Always have a front
40、headlightA taillight is a good idea文中提到：必须得保证刹车性能良好，要调整好刹车；头盔是必需品，确保你的头盔符合当前的安全标准并且尺寸合适；自行车总得要有一个前大灯，可见度至少能照到自行车前500英尺；因此以上配套都是必须的所以ABC都不正确根据A taillight is a good idea安装一个尾灯也不错可知，可以自愿安装尾灯，它不是必需的故选D38 C 细节理解题根据Riding on Campus部分中的Always give the right of ways to walkers可知，在校园骑车时，总是要给步行者让路所以要将给步行者让路放在
41、首位是正确的故选C39 B 细节理解题根据Bicycle Parking部分中的Trees，handrailsresult in a fine树木、扶手、走廊、和标志杆，这些地方不允许停放自行车，否则会导致罚款以及Bicycle parking banned30dollars违章停放自行车罚款30美元所以将自行车停在树下会罚款30美元，故选B40 A 主旨大意题A自行车校园安全指南；B自行车校园之旅；C校园自行车比赛规则；D校园骑摩托车的规定；通读全文可知：本文讲述的主要是在校园里安全使用自行车，以及校园内骑自行车时要遵守的交通规则所以A是正确的故选A【点评】做阅读理解题时，首先要快速浏览全文
42、，把握文章的主旨大意；然后结合后面的题目，进行有针对性的细节阅读18（12.5分）Barditch High School decided to an AllSchool ReunionOver 450 people came to the eventThere were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate ParkSeveral former teachers were on hands to tell stories about the old daysMsMabel Yates，the English
43、teacher for fifty years，was wheeled to the ParkSome eyes rolled and there were a few low groans（嘟囔声）when MsYates was about to speakMany started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from and old woman who had few kind words for
44、 her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combinedThen MsYates started to speak：I cant tell you how pleased I am to be hereI havent seen many of you since your graduation，but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragediesI have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my studentsAlthough I havent appeared in person，I have attended your college graduations，weddings and even the b