1、海南医学2023年8月第34卷第15期Hainan Med J,Aug.2023,Vol.34,No.15肌醇与二甲双胍预处理配合促排卵治疗对肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征治疗效果的随机对照研究李咏梅1,王燕丽2,张洁3,张丽11.河南省生殖健康科学技术研究院/河南省生殖妇产医院生殖中心,河南郑州450000;2.河南省生殖健康科学技术研究院/河南省生殖妇产医院优生遗传,河南郑州450000;3.郑州大学第二附属医院生殖中心 河南郑州450000【摘要】目的观察肌醇、二甲双胍预处理配合促排卵方案治疗肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的效果,并分析其对性激素水平、妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2020年2月至20
2、22年2月河南省生殖健康科学技术研究院收治的129例肥胖型PCOS患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组64例和研究组65例。对照组患者予以二甲双胍+促排卵治疗,研究组患者予以肌醇+促排卵治疗,连续用药3个治疗周期。比较两组患者的治疗效果,以及预处理前后的体格指标体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、糖脂代谢指标空腹血糖(FPG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、胰岛素功能空腹胰岛素(FINS)、稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、性激素雌二醇(E2)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡雌激素(FSH)、睾酮(T)和病情相关指标胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1(IGFBP-1)、白细胞介素
3、-18(IL-18)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、晚期氧化蛋白产物(AOPP)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)水平;同时比较两组患者的排卵情况、妊娠结局和不良反应情况。结果研究组患者的治疗总有效率为95.38%,明显高于对照组的82.81%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);预处理后,研究组患者的BMI、WHR、FPG、TG、TC、FINS、HOMA-IR分别为(22.320.58)kg/m2、0.780.08、(4.350.68)mmol/L、(0.950.28)mmol/L、(3.950.66)mmol/L、(11.382.79)IU/mL、2.250.45,明显低于对照组的(23.
4、630.71)kg/m2、0.820.09、(4.620.71)mmol/L、(1.060.32)mmol/L、(4.220.83)mmol/L、(13.493.04)IU/mL、2.770.62,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);预处理后,研究组患者的E2、LH、FSH、T、IL-18、AOPP水平分别为(26.746.91)pg/mL、(4.651.25)mIU/mL、(4.060.81)U/L、(23.686.89)ng/mL、(160.3243.44)ng/L、(35.628.87)mol/L,明显低于对照组的(33.187.06)pg/mL、(5.161.32)mIU/mL、(4.4
5、11.16)U/L、(29.717.91)ng/mL、(230.6966.86)ng/L、(60.7515.25)mol/L;IGFBP-1、IL-10、GSH-PX 水平分别为(42.218.07)ng/mL、(10.522.17)pg/mL、(174.0648.02)g/mL,明显高于对照组的(26.196.06)ng/mL、(8.232.04)pg/mL、(148.2139.40)g/mL,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);预处理后,研究组患者的优势卵泡、排卵率、妊娠率、宫颈黏液评分分别为(1.800.24)个、71.67%、38.33%、(11.781.02)分,明显高于对照组的(1.
6、690.20)个、53.33%、56.67%、(7.160.93)分,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗期间,研究组患者的不良反应发生率为4.62%,明显低于对照组的15.63%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),具有可比性,见表1。本研究经我院医学伦理委员会批准。dex(HOMA-IR),sex hormones estradiol(E2),luteinizing hormone(LH),follicular estrogen(FSH),testosterone(T),and disease related indicators insulin-like growth factor bin
7、ding protein-1(IGFBP-1),interleukin-18(IL-18),interleu-kin-10(IL-10),late oxidized protein product(AOPP),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)before and after pretreatment.The ovulation status,pregnancy outcomes,and adverse reactions were also compared between the two groups of pa-tients.ResultsThe total e
8、ffective rate of treatment in the study group was 95.38%,significantly higher than 82.81%inthe control group(P0.05).After pretreatment,BMI,WHR,FPG,TG,TC,FINS,HOMA-IR were(22.320.58)kg/m2,0.780.08,(4.350.68)mmol/L,(0.950.28)mmol/L,(3.950.66)mmol/L,(11.382.79)IU/mL,2.250.45 in the studygroup,which wer
9、e significantly lower than(23.630.71)kg/m2,0.820.09,(4.620.71)mmol/L,(1.060.32)mmol/L,(4.220.83)mmol/L,(13.493.04)IU/mL,2.770.62 in the control group(P0.05).After pretreatment,the E2,LH,FSH,T,IL-18,and AOPP levels in the study group were(26.746.91)pg/mL,(4.651.25)mIU/mL,(4.060.81)U/L,(23.686.89)ng/m
10、L,(160.3243.44)ng/L,and(35.628.87)mol/L,which were significantly lower than(33.187.06)pg/mL,(5.161.32)mIU/mL,(4.411.16)U/L,(29.717.91)ng/mL,(230.6966.86)ng/L,(60.7515.25)mol/Lin the control group;the levels of IGFBP-1,IL-10,and GSH-PX in the study group were(42.218.07)ng/mL,(10.522.17)pg/mL,and(174.
11、0648.02)g/mL,which were significantly higher than(26.196.06)ng/mL,(8.232.04)pg/mL,(148.2139.40)g/mL in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).After pretreatment,the scores of dominant follicles,ovulation rate,pregnancy rate,and cervical mucus in the study group were
12、1.800.24,71.67%,38.33%,and(11.781.02)points,respectively,which were significantly higher than 1.690.20,53.33%,56.67%,and(7.160.93)points in the control group(P0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group(4.62%)wassignificantly lower than that in the control group(15.63%),and the diffe
13、rence was statistically significant(P0.05).ConclusionCompared with metformin,the use of inositol pretreatment combined with ovulation induction in the treat-ment of obese patients with PCOS can improve patients glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin function,correct sexualhormone disorders,increas
14、e pregnancy rate,which have significant clinical efficacy and fewer adverse reactions.【Key words】Polycystic ovary syndrome;Obese type;Inositol;Metformin;Sexual hormones;Pregnancy outcome表1两组患者的一般资料比较x-s,例(%)Table 1Comparison of general information between the two groups of patients x-s,n(%)组别对照组研究组t
15、/2值P值例数6465年龄(岁)26.351.3826.481.330.5450.587病程(月)25.312.1624.963.390.6980.486初潮年龄(岁)14.021.2413.631.081.9060.059月经稀发32(50.00)36(55.38)0.3750.540多毛18(28.13)22(33.85)0.4930.482痤疮24(37.50)20(30.77)0.6500.420临床表现1.2治疗方法对照组患者于月经周期第3天开始同时给予二甲双胍(悦康药业集团股份有限公司,国药准字H20051289,规格:0.5 g)、达英-35(拜耳医药保健有限公司,国药准字J20
16、10114,规格:醋酸环丙孕酮2 mg:炔雌醇0.035 mg)治疗,饭后30 min内服用二甲双胍,500 mg/次,3 次/d;口服达英-35,1 片/d,以21 d 为一个治疗周期,同时每次月经周期第5天开始口服来曲唑(浙江海正药业股份有限公司,国药准字H20133109,规格:2.5 mg),2.5 mg/d,连续治疗5 d,连续用药3个治疗周期。研究组患者予以肌醇(中国远大医药有限公司,国药准字 H42021569,规格:0.5 g)、达英-35治疗,于月经周期第3 d开始口服肌醇,0.5 g/次,2173海南医学2023年8月第34卷第15期Hainan Med J,Aug.202
17、3,Vol.34,No.152次/d,以21 d为一个治疗周期,达英-35、来曲唑治疗方法同对照组,连续用药3个治疗周期。1.3观察指标与评价(检测)方法(1)治疗效果6:显效:月经性状、月经周期、性激素水平恢复正常,临床症状明显改善;有效:月经性状、月经周期、性激素水平明显改善,临床症状有所好转;无效:不符合上述标准。总有效率为显效、有效比例之和。(2)体格指标:比较预处理前后的BMI、腰臀比(WHR)的体格指标,其中WHR=腰围/臀围。(3)糖脂代谢、胰岛素功能:分别于预处理前后采集两组患者的空腹静脉血5 mL,3 000 r/min离心取上清液保存待检。使用Indiko全自动生化分析仪(
18、美国 Thermo Fisher Scientific 公司)检测空腹血糖(FPG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC),采用免疫化学发光度量分析法检测空腹胰岛素(FINS),计算稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)=FPGFINS/22.5。(4)性激素水平:分别于预处理前后采集两组患者的空腹静脉血5 mL,3 000 r/min离心取上清液保存待检,采用电化学发光法检测血清雌二醇(E2)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡雌激素(FSH)、睾酮(T)水平,美国贝克曼库尔特公司提供检测试剂盒。(5)病情相关指标:分别于预处理前后采集两组患者的空腹静脉血5 mL,3 000 r/min离心取上清
19、液保存待检,采用ELISA法检测血清胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1(IGFBP-1)、白细胞介素-18(IL-18)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、晚期氧化蛋白产物(AOPP)水平,采用2-硝基苯甲酸比色法检测谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)水平,上海酶联生物公司提供IGFBP-1、IL-18、IL-10、AOPP检测试剂盒,上海科培瑞生物提供GSH-PX检测试剂盒。(6)排卵、妊娠结局:于门诊复查随访6个月,采用DC-25彩色多普勒超声(武汉蓝鸥医疗设备有限公司)检测排卵情况,以超声检查可见宫内孕囊视为妊娠。(7)宫颈黏液评分:预处理后,依据Insler宫颈评分法7评定两组患者的宫颈黏液评
20、分,包括细胞、宫颈黏液量、结晶、拉丝度,总分为15分,分值越高表明宫颈黏液分泌状况越好。(8)不良反应:统计治疗期间两组患者的不良反应发生情况。1.4统计学方法应用SPSS24.0统计软件分析数据。计量资料以均数标准差(x-s)表示,组内前后比较采用配对t检验,组间比较采用两独立样本t检验;计数资料组间比较采用2检验。以P0.05为差异有统计学意义。2结果2.1两组患者的治疗效果比较研究组患者的治疗总有效率为95.38,明显高于对照组的82.81,差异有统计学意义(2=5.268,P=0.0220.05);预处理后,两组患者的MI、WHR明显低于预处理前,且研究组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学
21、意义(P0.05);预处理后,两组患者的FPG、TG、TC、FINS、HOMA-IR明显低于预处理前,且研究组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),见表4。表2两组患者的治疗效果比较(例)Table 2Comparison of treatment effects between the two groups ofpatients(n)组别研究组对照组例数6564显效3621有效2632无效311总有效率(%)95.3882.81表3两组患者预处理前后的体格指标比较(x-s)Table 3Comparison of physical indicators between the t
22、wo groupsof patients before and after pretreatment(x-s)时间预处理前预处理后组别研究组对照组t值P值研究组对照组t值P值例数65646564BMI(kg/m2)26.581.6326.611.650.1040.91722.320.58a23.630.71a11.4840.001WHR0.960.110.940.101.0800.2820.780.08a0.820.09a2.6690.009注:与本组预处理前比较,aP0.05。Note:Compared with that in the same group before pretreatm
23、ent,aP0.05.表4两组患者预处理前后的糖脂代谢、胰岛素功能比较(x-s)Table 4Comparison of glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin function between the two groups of patients before and after pretreatment(x-s)时间预处理前预处理后组别研究组对照组t值P值研究组对照组t值P值例数65646564FPG(mmol/L)5.370.795.330.750.2950.7694.350.68a4.620.71a2.2060.029TG(mmol/L)1.6
24、90.411.670.400.2800.7800.950.28a1.060.32a2.0790.040TC(mmol/L)4.581.024.621.050.2190.8273.950.66a4.220.83a2.0470.043FINS(IU/mL)19.863.6220.143.880.4240.67211.382.79a13.493.04a4.1080.001HOMA-IR4.741.174.771.200.1440.8862.250.45a2.770.62a5.4580.001注:与本组预处理前比较,aP0.05。Note:Compared with that in the same
25、group before pretreatment,aP0.05);预处理后,两组患者的E2、LH、FSH、T水平明显低于预处理前,且研究组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);预处理后,研究组患者的IGFBP-1、IL-10、GSH-PX水平明显高于预处理前,IL-18、AOPP水平明显低于预处理前,且研究组变化幅度大于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),见表6。2.6两组患者的排卵和妊娠结局随访6个月,对照组患者失访4例、研究组失访5例。研究组患者的优势卵泡、排卵率、妊娠率、宫颈黏液评分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),见表7。表5两组患者预处理前后的性
26、激素水平比较(x-s)Table 5Comparison of sexual hormone levels between the two groups of patients before and after pretreatment(x-s)时间预处理前预处理后组别研究组对照组t值P值研究组对照组t值P值例数65646564E2(pg/mL)53.6110.8755.4212.430.8810.38026.746.91a33.187.06a5.2360.001LH(mIU/mL)8.742.138.852.200.2890.7734.651.25a5.161.32a2.2530.026FS
27、H(U/L)6.781.267.021.331.0520.2954.060.81a4.411.16a1.9890.049T(ng/mL)50.369.7851.0411.130.3690.71323.686.89a29.717.91a4.6190.001注:与本组预处理前比较,aP0.05。Note:Compared with that in the same group before pretreatment,aP0.05.表6两组患者预处理前后的细胞因子水平比较(x-s)Table 6Comparison of cytokine levels between the two groups
28、of patients before and after pretreatment(x-s)时间预处理前预处理后组别研究组对照组t值P值研究组对照组t值P值例数65646564IGFBP-1(ng/mL)24.865.2825.065.350.2140.83142.218.07a26.196.0612.7340.001IL-18(ng/L)236.5758.85241.4960.490.4680.640160.3243.44a230.6966.867.0990.001AOPP(mol/L)62.8916.9662.7117.030.0600.95235.628.87a60.7515.2511.
29、46210.001GSH-PX(g/mL)144.6338.21145.2740.420.0920.927174.0648.02a148.2139.403.3400.001注:与本组预处理前比较,aP0.05。Note:Compared with that in the same group before pretreatment,aP0.05.IL-10(pg/mL)8.161.728.091.690.2330.81610.522.17a8.232.046.1730.000表7两组患者的排卵和妊娠结局比较x-s,例(%)Table 7Comparison of ovulation and p
30、regnancy outcomes between the two groups of patients x-s,n(%)组别研究组对照组t/2值P值例数6060优势卵泡(个)1.800.241.690.202.7270.007排卵率(%)43(71.67)32(53.33)4.3020.038妊娠(%)34(56.67)23(38.33)4.0430.044宫颈黏液评分(分)11.781.027.160.9325.9260.001诱排日子宫内膜厚度(mm)10.752.587.711.577.7970.001表8 两组患者的不良反应比较(例)Table 8Comparison of adve
31、rse reactions between the two groups ofpatients(n)组别研究组对照组例数6564恶心呕吐26腹泻02腹痛12总发生率(%)4.6215.632.7两组患者的不良反应比较研究组患者的不良反应总发生率为 4.62%,明显低于对照组的15.63%,差异有统计学意义(2=4.313,P=0.0380.05),见表8。3讨论PCOS发生发展与IR有关,IR发生常伴随高雄激素血症,胰岛素水平升高可抑制肝脏性激素结合球蛋白合成,影响葡萄糖代谢过程,促使卵泡颗粒细胞停止增殖,阻滞卵泡发育,进而形成多囊卵巢8。二甲双胍可增强外周组织对葡萄糖利用率,提高外周组织胰岛
32、素敏感性,改善血糖血脂代谢,降低性激素水平,有助于诱发PCOS患者自发排卵9。肌醇可改善胰岛功能、糖脂代谢,提高促排卵效果,抑制肝糖原异生、肝葡萄糖输出,增强胰岛素受体功能,抑制雄2175海南医学2023年8月第34卷第15期Hainan Med J,Aug.2023,Vol.34,No.15性激素合成,改善内分泌功能10-11。本研究发现研究组总有效率高于对照组,预处理后研究组BMI、WHR低于对照组,提示肌醇配合促排卵治疗在肥胖型PCOS患者中具有可行性、有效性,可减轻患者肥胖程度。IR本身受机体糖脂代谢影响,IR可促使雄激素分泌升高,引起下丘脑垂体分泌异常,进而影响卵巢合成激素异常12。
33、本研究结果显示,预处理后研究组FPG、TG、TC、FINS、HOMA-IR 低于对照组,E2、LH、FSH、T水平低于对照组,提示肌醇在改善糖脂代谢、性激素水平方面的作用效果优于二甲双胍,并可改善糖脂代谢,降低雄激素水平,促进黄体功能恢复。分析其原因可能为二甲双胍可影响人体脂合成代谢过程,降低TG、TC水平,减少脂肪含量,并可增强胰岛素敏感性13。肌醇成分主要为肌肉肌醇、D-手性肌醇,可改善IR状态,调节葡萄糖摄入、性激素水平,促进卵巢功能恢复,参与卵巢雌激素信号传导过程,并可调节胰岛素代谢信号通路14。PCOS发生发展与炎症反应、氧化应激反应密切相关,IGFBP-1、IL-10可抑制炎症介质
34、释放;IL-18与肥胖、高雄激素血症有关;GSH-PX属于抗氧化物质,AOPP属于氧化物质,抗氧化-氧化失衡可增加氧自由基生成量,进而参与PCOS发生过程15-16。本研究结果显示,预处理后研究组IGFBP-1、IL-10、GSH-PX水平高于对照组,IL-18、AOPP水平低于对照组,提示肌醇配合促排卵治疗可抑制炎症、氧化应激反应,减轻卵巢功能损伤,进而纠正内分泌功能紊乱。考虑原因为肌醇可增强抗氧化酶活性,促进线粒体膜电位恢复,保护线粒体功能,并可有效恢复卵泡发育、排出功能17。同时本研究治疗后研究组优势卵泡、排卵率、妊娠率、宫颈黏液评分高于对照组,不良反应发生率低于对照组,表明与二甲双胍配
35、合促排卵治疗相比,肌醇配合促排卵治疗有助于促进排卵、卵泡生长发育,提高妊娠率,降低不良反应发生率。综上所述,相较于二甲双胍配合促排卵治疗,肌醇配合促排卵治疗肥胖型PCOS的疗效更优,可纠正糖脂代谢、性激素紊乱状态,改善胰岛素功能,抑制炎症、氧化应激反应,提高妊娠率,且安全可靠。参考文献1 Zhang Y,Zhao JN,Su J.Effect of intradermal acupuncture combinedwith Cangfu Daotan Pill on adipose factors,blood lipids,sex hor-mones and clinical efficacy
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47、.西安市雁塔区中医医院妇科,陕西西安710000;4.渭南职业技术学院医学院,陕西渭南714000【摘要】目的探讨二仙汤加减联合芬吗通治疗对原发性卵巢功能不全(POI)患者生殖内分泌激素、卵巢体积的影响。方法选取2019年12月至2021年12月期间西安市中医医院妇科收治的122例POI患者为研究对象,按随机数表法分为研究组和对照组,每组61例,对照组患者采用芬吗通治疗,研究组患者采用二仙汤加减联合芬吗通治疗,两组均持续治疗3个周期,1个周期为28 d。比较两组患者治疗前后的血清促卵泡素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)、促黄体生成素(LH)水平、子宫内膜厚度及绝经指数,并统计两组患者治疗后的不良反应
48、发生情况。结果两组患者治疗后的FSH、LH和E2水平均得到不同程度改善,且研究组患者的FSH、LH水平分别为(12.074.42)U/L、(6.570.56)U/L,明显低于对照组的(19.353.98)U/L、(8.410.66)U/L,E2为(122.3412.34)pmol/L,明显高于对照组的(91.6513.75)pmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者治疗后的子宫内膜厚度均上升,绝经指数均下降,且研究组患者的子宫内膜厚度为(7.190.98)mm,明显厚于对照组的(6.110.81)mm,绝经指数为(9.191.24)分,明显低于对照组的(14.551.54)分,差
49、异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论二仙汤加减联合芬吗通治疗POI可明显改善患者的卵巢体积和内分泌激素水平,且安全性高。【关键词】原发性卵巢功能不全;二仙汤加减;芬吗通;生殖内分泌激素;卵巢体积【中图分类号】R711.75【文献标识码】A【文章编号】10036350(2023)15217704Effect of modified Erxian Decoction combined with Femoston on the reproductive endocrine hormones andovarian volume in patients with primary ovarian insu
50、fficiency.WEI Shao-ben1,WANG Yu-hui2,WU Jun-li3,SUNXiao-ying4,CHEN Meng-jie1.1.Department of Gynecology,Xian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xian 710026,Shaanxi,CHINA;2.Department of Gynecology,Nanjing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210001,Jiangsu,CHINA;3.Department of Gyn