1、SINUMERIK SINUMERIK 840D sl/SINUMERIK 828D Fundamentals SINUMERIK SINUMERIK 840D sl/SINUMERIK 828D Fundamentals Preface Preface Fundamental geometrical principles Fundamental geometrical principles 1 1Fundamental principles of NC programming Fundamental principles of NC programming 2 2Creating an NC
2、 program Creating an NC program 3 3Tool change Tool change 4 4Tool offsets Tool offsets 5 5Spindle motion Spindle motion 6 6Feed control Feed control 7 7Geometry settings Geometry settings 8 8Motion commands Motion commands 9 9Tool radius compensation Tool radius compensation 1010Path action Path ac
3、tion 1111Coordinate transformations(frames)Coordinate transformations(frames)1212Auxiliary function outputs Auxiliary function outputs 1313Supplementary commands Supplementary commands 1414Other information Other information 1515Tables Tables 1616Appendix Appendix A A SINUMERIK SINUMERIK 840D sl/SIN
4、UMERIK 828D Fundamentals SINUMERIK SINUMERIK 840D sl/SINUMERIK 828D Fundamentals Programming ManualProgramming Manual06/200906/2009 6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 Valid for Control System SINUMERIK 840D sl/840DE sl SINUMERIK 828D Software VersionNCU system software for 840D sl/840DE sl 2.6 NCU System software f
5、or 828D 2.6 Legal information Legal information Legal information Warning notice system Legal information Warning notice system This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety,as well as to prevent damage to property.The notices referring to your personal saf
6、ety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert symbol,notices referring only to property damage have no safety alert symbol.These notices shown below are graded according to the degree of danger.DANGER DANGER indicates that death or severe personal injury willwill result if proper precautions a
7、re not taken.WARNING WARNING indicates that death or severe personal injury maymay result if proper precautions are not taken.CAUTION CAUTION with a safety alert symbol,indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.CAUTION CAUTION without a safety alert symbol,i
8、ndicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.NOTICE NOTICE indicates that an unintended result or situation can occur if the corresponding information is not taken into account.If more than one degree of danger is present,the warning notice representing the highest de
9、gree of danger will be used.A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to property damage.Qualified Personnel Qualified Personnel The device/system may only be set up and used in conjunction with this documentation.Commissioning and operation
10、 of a device/system may only be performed by qualified personnelqualified personnel.Within the context of the safety notes in this documentation qualified persons are defined as persons who are authorized to commission,ground and label devices,systems and circuits in accordance with established safe
11、ty practices and standards.Proper use of Siemens products Proper use of Siemens products Note the following:WARNING WARNING Siemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technical documentation.If products and components from other manufacturers
12、are used,these must be recommended or approved by Siemens.Proper transport,storage,installation,assembly,commissioning,operation and maintenance are required to ensure that the products operate safely and without any problems.The permissible ambient conditions must be adhered to.The information in t
13、he relevant documentation must be observed.Trademarks Trademarks All names identified by are registered trademarks of the Siemens AG.The remaining trademarks in this publication may be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of the owner.Disclaimer of Li
14、ability Disclaimer of Liability We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software described.Since variance cannot be precluded entirely,we cannot guarantee full consistency.However,the information in this publication is reviewed regularly and any
15、necessary corrections are included in subsequent editions.Siemens AG Industry Sector Postfach 48 48 90026 NRNBERG GERMANY Order number:6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 06/2009 Copyright Siemens AG 2009.Technical data subject to change Fundamentals Programming Manual,06/2009,6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 3 PrefacePreface SIN
16、UMERIK Documentation SINUMERIK Documentation The SINUMERIK documentation is organized in three parts:General Documentation User Documentation Manufacturer/service documentation Information on the following topics is available at http:/ documentation Here you can find an up-to-date overview of public
17、ations Downloading documentation Links to more information for downloading files from Service&Support.Researching documentation online Information on DOConCD and direct access to the publications in DOConWeb.Compiling individual documentation on the basis of Siemens contents with the My Documentatio
18、n Manager(MDM),refer to http:/ Documentation Manager provides you with a range of features for generating your own machine documentation.Training and FAQs Information on our range of training courses and FAQs(frequently asked questions)are available via the page navigation.Target group Target group
19、This publication is intended for:Programmers Project engineers Benefits Benefits With the programming manual,the target group can develop,write,test,and debug programs and software user interfaces.Preface Fundamentals 4 Programming Manual,06/2009,6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 Standard scope Standard scope This
20、 Programming Manual describes the functionality afforded by standard functions.Extensions or changes made by the machine tool manufacturer are documented by the machine tool manufacturer.Other functions not described in this documentation might be executable in the control.This does not,however,repr
21、esent an obligation to supply such functions with a new control or when servicing.Further,for the sake of simplicity,this documentation does not contain all detailed information about all types of the product and cannot cover every conceivable case of installation,operation or maintenance.Technical
22、Support Technical Support If you have any questions,please contact our hotline:Europe/Africa Europe/Africa Phone+49 180 5050-222 Fax+49 180 5050-223 0.14/min.from German landlines,mobile phone prices may differ Internet http:/www.siemens.de/automation/support-request America America Phone+1 423 262
23、2522 Fax+1 423 262 2200 E-mail mailto: Asia/Pacific Asia/Pacific Phone+86 1064 757575 Fax+86 1064 747474 E-mail mailto: Note Note You will find telephone numbers for other countries for technical support on the Internet:http:/ Preface Fundamentals Programming Manual,06/2009,6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 5 Ques
24、tions about the manual Questions about the manual If you have any queries(suggestions,corrections)in relation to this documentation,please fax or e-mail us:Fax:+49 9131-98 2176 E-mail:mailto: A fax form is available in the appendix of this document.SINUMERIK Internet address SINUMERIK Internet addre
25、ss http:/ Fundamentals and Job planning Programming Manual Fundamentals and Job planning Programming Manual The description of the NC programming is divided into two manuals:1.FundamentalsFundamentals This Fundamentals Programming Manual is intended for use by skilled machine operators with the appr
26、opriate expertise in drilling,milling and turning operations.Simple programming examples are used to explain the commands and statements which are also defined according to DIN 66025.2.Job planningJob planning The Programming Manual Job planning is intended for use by technicians with in-depth,compr
27、ehensive programming knowledge.By virtue of a special programming language,the SINUMERIK control enables the user to program complex workpiece programs(e.g.for free-form surfaces,channel coordination,.)and makes programming of complicated operations easy for technologists.Availability of the describ
28、ed NC language elements Availability of the described NC language elements All NC language elements described in the manual are available for the SINUMERIK 840D sl.The availability regarding SINUMERIK 828D can be found in column 828D of the List of statements(Page 483).Preface Fundamentals 6 Program
29、ming Manual,06/2009,6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 Fundamentals Programming Manual,06/2009,6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 7 Table of contents Table of contents Preface.3 1 Fundamental geometrical principles.13 Preface.3 1 Fundamental geometrical principles.13 1.1 Workpiece positions.13 1.1.1 Workpiece coordinate systems.13
30、 1.1.2 Cartesian coordinates.14 1.1.3 Polar coordinates.18 1.1.4 Absolute dimensions.19 1.1.5 Incremental dimension.21 1.2 Working planes.23 1.3 Zero points and reference points.25 1.4 Coordinate systems.27 1.4.1 Machine coordinate system(MCS).27 1.4.2 Basic coordinate system(BCS).31 1.4.3 Basic zer
31、o system(BZS).33 1.4.4 Settable zero system(SZS).34 1.4.5 Workpiece coordinate system(WCS).35 1.4.6 What is the relationship between the various coordinate systems?.36 2 Fundamental principles of NC programming.37 2 Fundamental principles of NC programming.37 2.1 Name of an NC program.37 2.2 Structu
32、re and contents of an NC program.39 2.2.1 Blocks and block components.39 2.2.2 Block rules.42 2.2.3 Value assignments.43 2.2.4 Comments.44 2.2.5 Skipping blocks.45 3 Creating an NC program.47 3 Creating an NC program.47 3.1 Basic procedure.47 3.2 Available characters.49 3.3 Program header.51 3.4 Pro
33、gram examples.53 3.4.1 Example 1:First programming steps.53 3.4.2 Example 2:NC program for turning.54 3.4.3 Example 3:NC program for milling.56 4 Tool change.59 4 Tool change.59 4.1 Tool change without tool management.60 4.1.1 Tool change with T command.60 4.1.2 Tool change with M6.61 4.2 Tool chang
34、e with tool management(option).63 4.2.1 Tool change with T command with active tool management(option).63 4.2.2 Tool change with M6 with active tool management(option).66 Table of contents Fundamentals 8 Programming Manual,06/2009,6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 4.3 Behavior with faulty T programming.68 5 Tool o
35、ffsets.69 5 Tool offsets.69 5.1 General information about the tool offsets.69 5.2 Tool length compensation.70 5.3 Tool radius compensation.71 5.4 Tool compensation memory.72 5.5 Tool types.74 5.5.1 General information about the tool types.74 5.5.2 Milling tools.75 5.5.3 Drills.77 5.5.4 Grinding tool
36、s.78 5.5.5 Turning tools.80 5.5.6 Special tools.82 5.5.7 Chaining rule.83 5.6 Tool offset call(D).84 5.7 Change in the tool offset data.87 5.8 Programmable tool offset(TOFFL,TOFF,TOFFR).88 6 Spindle motion.95 6 Spindle motion.95 6.1 Spindle speed(S),direction of spindle rotation(M3,M4,M5).95 6.2 Cut
37、ting rate(SVC).100 6.3 Constant cutting rate(G96/G961/G962,G97/G971/G972,G973,LIMS,SCC).108 6.4 Constant grinding wheel peripheral speed(GWPSON,GWPSOF).115 6.5 Programmable spindle speed limitation(G25,G26).118 7 Feed control.119 7 Feed control.119 7.1 Feedrate(G93,G94,G95,F,FGROUP,FL,FGREF).119 7.2
38、 Traversing positioning axes(POS,POSA,POSP,FA,WAITP,WAITMC).129 7.3 Position-controlled spindle operation(SPCON,SPCOF).134 7.4 Positioning spindles(SPOS,SPOSA,M19,M70,WAITS).135 7.5 Feedrate for positioning axes/spindles(FA,FPR,FPRAON,FPRAOF).146 7.6 Programmable feedrate override(OVR,OVRRAP,OVRA).1
39、50 7.7 Programmable acceleration override(ACC)(option).152 7.8 Feedrate with handwheel override(FD,FDA).154 7.9 Feedrate optimization for curved path sections(CFTCP,CFC,CFIN).158 7.10 Several feedrate values in one block(F,ST,SR,FMA,STA,SRA).161 7.11 Non-modal feedrate(FB).164 7.12 Tooth feedrate(G9
40、5 FZ).165 8 Geometry settings.173 8 Geometry settings.173 8.1 Settable work offset(G54 to G57,G505 to G599,G53,G500,SUPA,G153).173 Table of contents Fundamentals Programming Manual,06/2009,6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 9 8.2 Selection of the working plane(G17/G18/G19).179 8.3 Dimensions.183 8.3.1 Absolute dime
41、nsions(G90,AC).183 8.3.2 Incremental dimensions(G91,IC).186 8.3.3 Absolute and incremental dimensions for turning and milling(G90/G91).190 8.3.4 Absolute dimension for rotary axes(DC,ACP,ACN).191 8.3.5 Inch or metric dimensions(G70/G700,G71/G710).194 8.3.6 Channel-specific diameter/radius programmin
42、g(DIAMON,DIAM90,DIAMOF,DIAMCYCOF).197 8.3.7 Axis-specific diameter/radius programming(DIAMONA,DIAM90A,DIAMOFA,DIACYCOFA,DIAMCHANA,DIAMCHAN,DAC,DIC,RAC,RIC).200 8.4 Position of workpiece for turning.205 9 Motion commands.207 9 Motion commands.207 9.1 Travel commands with Cartesian coordinates(G0,G1,G
43、2,G3,X.,Y.,Z.).209 9.2 Travel commands with polar coordinates.211 9.2.1 Reference point of the polar coordinates(G110,G111,G112).211 9.2.2 Travel commands with polar coordinates(G0,G1,G2,G3,AP,RP).213 9.3 Rapid traverse movement(G0,RTLION,RTLIOF).217 9.4 Linear interpolation(G1).222 9.5 Circular int
44、erpolation.225 9.5.1 Circular interpolation types(G2/G3,.).225 9.5.2 Circular interpolation with center point and end point(G2/G3,X.Y.Z.,I.J.K.).229 9.5.3 Circular interpolation with radius and end point(G2/G3,X.Y.Z./I.J.K.,CR).233 9.5.4 Circular interpolation with opening angle and center point(G2/
45、G3,X.Y.Z./I.J.K.,AR).236 9.5.5 Circular interpolation with polar coordinates(G2/G3,AP,RP).239 9.5.6 Circular interpolation with intermediate point and end point(CIP,X.Y.Z.,I1.J1.K1.).242 9.5.7 Circular interpolation with tangential transition(CT,X.Y.Z.).246 9.6 Helical interpolation(G2/G3,TURN).250
46、9.7 Involute interpolation(INVCW,INVCCW).253 9.8 Contour definitions.259 9.8.1 Contour definitions:One straight line(ANG).260 9.8.2 Contour definitions:Two straight lines(ANG).262 9.8.3 Contour definitions:Three straight line(ANG).265 9.8.4 Contour definitions:End point programming with angle.269 9.
47、9 Thread cutting with constant lead(G33).270 9.9.1 Thread cutting with constant lead(G33,SF).270 9.9.2 Programmable run-in and run-out paths(DITS,DITE).278 9.10 Thread cutting with increasing or decreasing lead(G34,G35).281 9.11 Tapping without compensating chuck(G331,G332).283 9.12 Tapping with com
48、pensating chuck(G63).288 9.13 Fast retraction for thread cutting(LFON,LFOF,DILF,ALF,LFTXT,LFWP,LFPOS,POLF,POLFMASK,POLFMLIN).290 9.14 Chamfer,rounding(CHF,CHR,RND,RNDM,FRC,FRCM).295 Table of contents Fundamentals 10 Programming Manual,06/2009,6FC5398-1BP20-0BA0 10 Tool radius compensation.301 10 Too
49、l radius compensation.301 10.1 Tool radius compensation(G40,G41,G42,OFFN).301 10.2 Contour approach and retraction(NORM,KONT,KONTC,KONTT).312 10.3 Compensation at the outside corners(G450,G451,DISC).319 10.4 Smooth approach and retraction.323 10.4.1 Approach and retraction(G140 to G143,G147,G148,G24
50、7,G248,G347,G348,G340,G341,DISR,DISCL,FAD,PM,PR).323 10.4.2 Approach and retraction with enhanced retraction strategies(G460,G461,G462).335 10.5 Collision monitoring(CDON,CDOF,CDOF2).340 10.6 2D tool compensation(CUT2D,CUT2DF).344 10.7 Keep tool radius compensation constant(CUTCONON,CUTCONOF).347 10