1、高考英语,新高考专用,题型四语法填空,考情探究1题型分析,20202022年新高考卷和卷语法填空文本体裁为记叙文或说明文,词数为170240。在文化考查内容上,2021年和2022年新高考卷文本内容体现中国文化,以外国人的视角来看中国,即“外国人讲自己在中国的故事”,而非简单地介绍中国文化。而近两年新高考卷和2020年新高考卷的内容是关于外国文化的,讲述外国人见义勇为、保护环境的感人故事;介绍国外博物馆的历史、功能等。文本内容对考生来说既是考试,也是爱国教育和文明教育,引导考生关注中外文化、学习励志人物。从考点上看,动词(时态、语态和非谓语形式)设题最多,试题较为基础谓语动词的一般过去时、一般
2、现在时,以及动词的非谓语形式作状语和定语为主要考点;形容词和副词设题数量次之;再次是名词;然后是连词;最后是主从复合句、冠词、介词、代词和数词。,2备考建议注重基础语法复习,重点梳理高频考点 通过对近三年新高考语法填空考查项目的统计可知,高考真题严格依据普通高中英语课程标准考查基本的语法知识,例如:*时态和语态项目多考查一般过去时、一般现在时和过去进行时,很少考查现在完成进行时、将来进行时、将来完成时等较复杂的语法项目;*动词的非谓语形式也多考查动词不定式和动词-ing一般式在句子中作定语和状语的用法,未考查动词的非谓语形式的完成式和进行式;*考生感觉较难的情态动词、虚拟语气等也未出现在新高考
3、语法填空试题中。,所以考生在备考阶段要将复习重点放在语法必备基础知识上,通过语篇语法训练巩固语法知识,少做偏题和怪题。研究试题命制规律,熟练掌握做题技巧 高考语法填空试题分两种:有提示词和无提示词。有提示词的试题考查内容包括:动词的时态、语态以及动词的非谓语形式;名词单、复数变化;形容词和副词的比较等级变化;词性转换(如名词、动词、代词、形容词和副词之间的词性转换)等。无提示词的试题考查内容包括:根据上下文填入冠词、连词、代词及介词等。具体做题技巧见下图:,系统学习构词法规则,研究词性转换规律 系统学习构词法不但可以帮助考生扩大词汇量,还可以帮助考生通过对前缀、后缀的识别来辨别词类,并且还能帮
4、助我们把相关联的词汇组合在一起,构建系统的词汇图。这样不仅可以提高考生的语法填空能力,还可以提高考生的阅读理解和书面表达能力。同时,通过对近三年涉及词性转换的试题的研究可以发现,试题有以下三种形式:形容词副词,如gentlegently;actualactually;动词名词,如developdevelopment;believebelief;名词形容词,如won-derwonderful;meaningmeaningful。考生需系统学习词性转换的基本规则,依托语篇训练,熟练运用前缀、后缀进行正确的转换。,善于分析句子结构,依托文本语境进行语法训练 2007年广东高考英语试题开始采用语篇填空
5、形式,2014年开始全面推广实施。此前的高中语法考查采用单句填空,要求考生从四个选项中选择一个正确选项补全句子。这种形式过分强调语法规则,考查考生的词汇量,不利于考生的语言运用能力的培养。而在语篇填空形式的试题中,考生可以利用语法知识来解答或者通过分析上下文来做出选择,这样的答题思路需要考生了解现实生活和中外文化。在高考备考阶段,考生应依托文本语境进行训练。语境的作用就是让考生正确理解句意,了解交际场景,推测上下文关系,得出正确的解题思路。,A组新高考卷题组Passage 1(2022新高考)话题:人与动物 The Chinese government recently finalized a
6、 plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP).1.(cover)an area about three times 2.size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3.(be)previously unprotected,bringing many of
7、 the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one au-thority 4.(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.,After a three-year pilot period,the GPNP will be officially set up next year.The GPNP 5.(design)to reflect the guiding principle of“protecting the authenticity(原真性)
8、and integrity of natural ecosystems,preserving biological diversity,protecting ecological buffer zones,6.leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future genera-tions”.The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7.(population)and homes of giant pandas,and 8.(eventual)achieve
9、a desired level of population in the wild.Giant pandas also serve 9.an umbrella species,bringing pro-tection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all,the species 10.live within the Giant Panda Rang
10、e and signifi-cantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.答案语篇解读 本文为说明文。大熊猫国家公园的建立不仅能保护大熊猫,而且能够促进该区域所有物种的健康发展。1.Covering2.the3.were4.to increase5.is designed6.and7.popu-lations8.eventually 9.as10.that,Passage 2(2022新高考)话题:优秀品行 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend.When he
11、saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台),Henry ran one hundred metres,jumped over a 1.2-metre fence,and held out his arms to catch the 1.(fall)child.Eric Brown,only three years old,knocked Henry down when he fell.The boy is in the hospital and doctors say hell be OK.2.Brown
12、 family live in an apartment building outside Toron-to.On the day of the accident,Mrs.Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father.They both fell 3.(sleep)while watching TV.,Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside.He pushed a chair onto the balcony,and climbed up
13、 4.(see)them.When he looked down,he 5.(accidental)slipped and fell over the edge.He hung on for a few minutes 6.screamed for his fa-ther,but his father didnt hear him.Henry 7.(fix)his car when he heard the screams.He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.He quickly 8.(throw)his tools aside
14、,and started running,arms out.“He saved my 9.(son)life,”said Mrs.Brown.“I dont know 10.to thank him.”“I just didnt want the boy to be hurt,”said Henry.,答案语篇解读 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了一位叫Henry的小伙子勇敢、及时地救下从阳台跌落的孩子的事迹。1.falling2.The3.asleep4.to see5.accidentally6.and7.was fixing8.threw9.sons10.how,Passage 3(2021新高
15、考)话题:人与环境 Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song“The Long and Winding Road”.1.is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2.(hu-man)are.The hot spring at the foo
16、t of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.It will 3.(undoubted)help you get refreshed!The a-mazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,the 4.(hot)the spring!Strange,isnt it?But thats how nature isal-ways leaving us 5.(astonish).,What comes next is the end
17、less series of steps.You cant help wondering how hard it 6.(be)for the people then to put all those rocks in-to place.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights the whole adventure 7.offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8.(ache)legs.As the son
18、g goes,this long and winding road“will never disappear”,and it will always stick in the visitors memory.It sure does in 9.(I).While youre in China,Mount Huangshan is 10.must to visit!,答案语篇解读 本文为记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己游览黄山的经历。1.What2.humans3.undoubtedly4.hotter5.astonished6.was7.and8.aching9.mine 10.a,Passage
19、4(2021新高考)话题:自然环境保护 Ive always loved the ocean.In the 1.(seven)grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage,2.(think)it is food.I decided to do something 3.(educate)people about this prob-lem.I held presentatio
20、ns at schools to teach kids about plastic waste.I want-ed to reach businesses too.I decided that if I learned of a company 4.used a lot of plastic,Id send it an email urging it to cut back.One day,I saw a commercial for a health-care company.People in the ad were using plastic straws(吸管).I found the
21、 contact information of the com-,pany 5.emailed its president.I told him how 6.(harm)plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.I was so 7.(excite)when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plas-tic straws in
22、 half.I kept going.Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic,Id send an email.One of the biggest companies I wrote to 8.(be)Alaska Air-lines.A company 9.(represent)wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 10.plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.,答案语篇解读 本文为记叙文。文章主要讲
23、述了作者为保护海洋、减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。1.seventh2.thinking3.to educate4.that/which5.and6.harmful7.excited8.was 9.representative10.from,Passage 5(2020新高考)话题:文化遗产 Many people have the hobby of collecting things,e.g.stamps,postcards or antiques.In the 18th and 19th centuries,1.(wealth)people travelled and collected pl
24、ants,historical objects and works of art.They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2.until they died,and then it was given to a museum.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,for example,3.(form)the core collection of the British Museum 4.opened in 1759.The parts of a museum op
25、en to the public 5.(call)galleries or rooms.Often,only a small part of a museums collection 6.(be)on display.Most of it is stored away or used for research.,Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors.As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟
26、)and imagine 7.(they)living at a different time in history or 8.(walk)through a rainforest.At the Jorvik Centre in York,the citys Viking settlement is recreated,and people experience the sights,sounds and smells of the old town.Historical 9.(accurate)is important but so is entertainment.Museums must
27、 compete 10.peoples spare time and money with other amusements.Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.,答案语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章介绍了博物馆藏品的由来、展览方式以及博物馆给人们提供的各种体验。1.wealthy2.or3.formed4.which/that5.are called6.is7.them-selves8.walking9.accuracy10.for,Passage 6(2020新高
28、考)话题:信息技术创新 These days,it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 1.(begin)computer classes.At the same time,computer games are becoming increasingly popu-lar as major publishing houses continue to develop 2.(educa-tion)computer programs fo
29、r children in preschool.Also,technological know-how has become a 3.(require)for most jobs in an increasingly digital world,as the computer has become a common tool in most 4.(profession).The Digital World is a set of volumes 5.aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers un
30、derstand the nature of,digital systems and their many interacting parts.Each volume in the set ex-plores 6.wide range of material,explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems,7.discusses the in-fluences they have on everyday life.Because the number of possible topics 8.(be)pr
31、actically limitless,we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology.Readers 9.(encourage)to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 10.(we)Further Re-sources section featured in each volume.,答案语篇解读 本文为说明文
32、。文章主要介绍了网络在生活中的普及以及数字世界丛书的出版背景和目的等。1.to begin2.educational3.requirement4.professions5.that/which6.a7.and8.is9.are encouraged10.our,B组全国卷题组Passage 1(2022全国甲)话题:生命的意义 A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xian,as a first step 1.(journey)the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot.
33、On the 1,100-kilometer journey,the man Cao Shengkang,2.lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident,crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for Interna-tional Cooperation 3.(hold)in Beijing,Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute
34、(致敬)to the ancient Silk Road.4.friend of his,Wu Fan,volunteered to be his companion during the trip.,Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road,in order to promote envi-ronmental 5.(protect).Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6.(meaning).The two of them collected more than 1
35、,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five years,Cao 7.(walk)through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africas 8.(high)mountain.Now,Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.He flew 4,700 kilomete
36、rs 9.Xian to Kashgar on Sept.20,10.(plan)to hike back to Xian in five months.,答案语篇解读 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了一位盲人在朋友的陪伴下徒步40天从北京走到了西安并沿途做环保的经历。1.to journey2.who3.held4.A5.protection6.meaningful7.has walked8.highest9.from10.planning,Passage 2(2022全国乙)话题:节日 May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day
37、,which was named officially 1.the United Nations on November 27th,2019.To celebrate 2.festival,a number of events took place at the Chi-nese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3.(ad-dress)the opening ceremony.“As a main promoter of the Inter
38、national Tea Day,the birthplace of tea and the 4.(large)tea-producing country,China has a 5.(responsible)to work with other coun-tries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.It can help to build a community with a 6.(share)future for mankind,”he,said.The“First International Tea Day T
39、ea Road Cooperative Initiative”issued(发布)at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7.cultural ex-changes.A four-year tea promotionTea Road Cooperative Planwas also issued in accordance with the initiative.8.(strengthen)the conn
40、ection with young people,the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,9.(invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕)at the cer-,emony,op
41、ening 10.(it)first exhibition:The Avenue of TruthA Special Exhibition of Puer Tea.答案语篇解读 本文是新闻报道。联合国设立国际茶日,为庆祝此节日,中国开展了一系列活动。1.by2.the3.addressed4.largest5.responsibility6.shared7.and8.To strengthen9.inviting10.its,Passage 3(2021全国甲)话题:文化遗产 The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has
42、survived Chinas long history.It 1.(build)originally to protect the city 2.the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).It is possible 3.(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate.The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of peop
43、le moving inside and outside the City Wall.After 4.(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equip-ment at the wall,we decided it was time for some action and what 5.(good)than to ride on a piece of history!,We 6.(hire)our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.My bike was old and shaky 7
44、.did the job.It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.way around the Xian City Wall.Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped at the different gates and 9.(watchtower)to take pictures or just to watch the local people go-ing about their 10.(day)routines.答案语篇解读 本文为记叙文。作者主要从游客在西安城墙骑行的角度介绍了西安城墙。
45、1.was built2.in3.to walk4.spending5.better6.hired7.but8.the9.watchtowers10.daily,Passage 4(2021全国乙)话题:自然环境保护 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1.(educate)about the areasboth
46、in terms of geo-graphical conditions and cultural characteristics,and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2.(develop)of the local ar-eas.Ecotourism has 3.(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4.the late 1980s.During
47、that time,increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.,Due to 5.growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel,various types 6.trips are now being classi-fied as ecotourism.Actually,a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:Minimize the impact of7.(visi
48、t)the place.Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.Provide 8.(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visi-tors and the hosts.Komodo National Park,officially recognized in 1980,is popula
49、r for eco-tourism because of its unique biodiversity.9.(activity)there,range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim 10.(have)a low impact on the natural environment.答案语篇解读 本文为说明文,文章讲述了生态旅游的情况。1.educated2.development3.its4.until5.the6.of7.visiting8.fi-nancial9.Activities10.to have,Pa
50、ssage 5(2020全国)话题:宇宙奥秘探索 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Change-4 probe(探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess1.(touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.Landing on the moons far side is 2.(extreme)chal