1、Module 8,Unit 3,Language in use,To summarise and consolidate the use of object clauses and attributive clauses,宾语从句,object clauses,1.When I wanted to learn the violin,my father told me that I should work harder at maths.2.I know that you will be better at maths.3.After I finished secondary school,my
2、 results showed that I was better at doing things than at reading books.4.I had to decide how I wanted to make a living in the future.,Observe,Observe the following sentences carefully.They are all from this module.,5.Im sure that you all have your own memories about the happiness6.Mark tells people
3、 that he is very happy about his choice.7.Everyone wants to study what they are good at,dont they?8.He believes that he has a bright future ahead of him.9.When people ask Mark what he is most interested in,he smiles.,that,that,1.When I wanted to learn the violin,my father told me _ I should work har
4、der at maths.2.I know _ you will be better at maths.3.After I finished secondary school,my results showed _ I was better at doing things than at reading books.4.I had to decide _ I wanted to make a living in the future.,that,go,Ready?,how,5.Im sure _ you all have your own memories about the happines
5、s6.Mark tells people _ he is very happy about his choice.7.Everyone wants to study _ they are good at,dont they?8.He believes _ he has a bright future ahead of him.9.When people ask Mark _ he is most interested in,he smiles.,that,that,what,that,what,在复合句中，如作宾语的是一个从句，该从句被称为宾语从句。,宾语从句,We know Li Na.主
6、谓 宾,We know that Li Na plays tennis very well.主 谓,宾语从句,学好宾语从句共有三关需要突破：连接词语序时态Are you ready?,连接词关,that连接的宾语从句，用来陈述一件事或表达一种感情等，由陈述句转化而来。,1.Hesays(that)he is listening to the weather report.2.I know that foreigners find China very different from their own countries.3.Imafraid(that)hecantcome4.She asked
7、 us to imagine that we were in a story.,if或whether连接的宾语从句，由一般疑问句转化而来，常放在ask，see，know，wonder,find out等动词/组后面。常可换用,口语中多用if。,1.The old woman asked me if I knew the way to the hospital.2.-Is Peter there?-Hold on,please.Ill see if I can find him for you.3.Nobody knows whether/if it will rain tomorrow.4.H
8、e wondered if/whether he had given correct answers.5.Id like to find out whether I am blacklisted.,连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变化而来，要用陈述句语序。常放在：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,find out,imagine,suggest,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等动词/组后面。,1.They havent decided who will go there.2.Iwanttokn
9、owwhom/whoyouarewaitingfor?3.Tell me what book you like to read.4.Tell me which book you like to read best of the three.5.Have the police discovered whose the special shoes are?,1.I asked him why he smiled.2.Can you tell me where you are？3.Do you know when we will hold the sports meeting?4.I cant im
10、agine how the thief entered my room.,连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变化而来，要用陈述句语序。常放在：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,find out,imagine,suggest,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等动词/组后面。,宾语从句用陈述语序。如：He is an honest boy.The teacher said.The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.Does he work hard？I w
11、onder.I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know.I dont know when he left.,语序关,主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：I hear that she has written three letters to the headmaster.Mr Green says that the snow was very heavy last month.,时态关,主句是过去的某种时态，从句一定要用过去的某种时态。,如：We didnt know why she had m
12、issed the flight.He told me that he was watching a cartoon film at 10 oclock this morning.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.,过了三关是不是顿时轻松了呢？千万别掉以轻心，还有一点需要提醒：有些词有“两副面孔”，见到了要注意区分。,if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副
13、。如：If it rains tomorrow,I wont come.（时间状语从句）I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.（宾语从句）,如果,是否,Summary,宾语从句三要素：连接词 that（陈述句）if/whether（一般疑问句）who;whom;whose;which;what when;where;why;how(特殊疑问句)时态 主句为一般现在时，从句可以是任何时态 主句为一般过去时，从句进行相应的变化 客观真理，自然现象等不变语序 陈述语序,定语从句,attributive clauses,1.These roses are to fo
14、r the three most important things that I have learnt.2.I give the white rose to my teachers,who have taught me that there is no success without effort.3.I am sure that you all have your own memories and the people whom you want to thank for it.4.Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school a schoo
15、l where people learn.,Observe,Observe the following sentences carefully.They are all from this module.,5.Im the sort of person who is good at making things with my hands.6.Everyone needs a skill that is useful if they want a good life.7.Now I study the things that I like best.8.You cant have a socie
16、ty where everyone works in an office.9.Workers who can make things and repair things will always be needed.,1.These roses are to for the three most important things _ I have learnt.2.I give the white rose to my teachers,_ have taught me that there is no success without effort.3.I am sure that you al
17、l have your own memories and the people _ you want to thank for it.4.Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school a school _ people learn.,that,who,whom,where,go,Ready?,5.Im the sort of person _ is good at making things with my hands.6.Everyone needs a skill _ is useful if they want a good life.7.
18、Now I study the things _ I like best.8.You cant have a society _ everyone works in an office.9.Workers _ can make things and repair things will always be needed.,who,that,that,where,who,在复合句中，如作定语的是一个从句，该从句被称为定语从句。,定语从句,先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的词（通常是名词或代词）关系词的作用：1.引导定语从句2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾语，作宾语时常
19、可以省略。,定语从句：,先行词+关系词(that/which/who)+从句,修饰,有时可代替whom作宾语,Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday.,Attributive clause,关系词在从句中做主语,先行词是人,Look at the photos(that)I took on my trip.,Attributive clause,关系词在从句中作宾语,先行词是物,It successfully shows the rich culture which makes Beijing so famous.,Attributive cl
20、ause,关系词在从句中作主语,先行词是物,The photo(which)we liked best was taken by Zhao Min.,Attributive clause,先行词是物,关系词在从句中作宾语,His father is the person who will be most unhappy.,Attributive clause,先行词是人,关系词在从句中作主语,Tom is the boy(who/whom)we saw in the shop.,Attributive clause,先行词是人,关系词在从句中作宾语,在先行词是物的定语从句中，一般情况下that
21、和which都可以通用,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。,that与which的区别,I am sure she has something that you can borrow.,1.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,2.先行词被all,little,much,every,no 等修饰时。,3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,This is the first book that he has
22、read.,E.g:This is the very book that belongs to him.,4.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。,5.先行词为人和物的组合。,E.g:They talked for an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.,E.g:Which of the books that you borrowed from the library is the most interesting?,6.若主句中有疑问代词who或者wh
23、ich,为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。,以下部分为课本练习，供老师在对答案时选择使用。,1.Complete the sentences using which,that,who or whom.Try to explain the meaning of the words in bold.,1.Finger food is the food that/which we eat with our fingers.2.A handbag is a small bag _3.School-leavers are young people _4.A classmat
24、e is someone _5.A friend is someone _.6.A stranger is someone _.,which women use to carry their things.,who are leaving school.,who is in the same class as me.,I trust,whom I dont know,P68 1,2.Work in pairs.Look at the picture and the menu.Discuss the questions.,P68 2,Possible answers,I think the pa
25、rty is international because the food is international.I think the people are cheering because they are happy about what the speaker is saying.I think the speaker is saying that now the speech is over and it is time to eat!,3.Complete the passage with the clauses in the box.,a,e,b,c,d,P69 3,4.Join t
26、he words in Box A with the words in Box B to make new words.You need to use one word more than once.,after class hair hand,bag cut made mate noon,A,B,afternoon,classmate,haircut,handbag,handmade,P69 4,Now complete the conversation with the new words.,What are you going to wear to the school-leavers
27、party?Im going to wear a dress.And Im going to buy a new black _.Do you want to go with me to the shopping centre to look for one?Sorry,I cant.Im having a(n)_ this _ at three Oclock.I want nice short hair for the party!,Lingling:,Betty:,Lingling:,handbag,haircut,afternoon,Ill go with you,Betty.Im go
28、ing to take photos,and I want to buy a book to put photos in.I hope that all of us will remember each other.Im happy I have been your _.Ive already bought a special book for the photos.Its black,with _ paper pages.You can carry it on the big night,then.Itll match your clothes.Dont be silly,Tony!,Ton
29、y:,Betty:,Betty:,Tony:,classmate,handmade,5.Complete the sentences with the words or expressions in the box.,beat laugh at pardon roses wakeup,1.Try to follow the _ of the music.2.Oh,_ me.I didnt see you there.3.Were going to put _ all around the room this year.4.I cant go to school wearing that eve
30、ryone will _ me.5.Ill _ you _ when its time to leave.,beat,pardon,roses,laugh at,wake,up,P70 5,6.Listen and answer the questions.,P70 6,Possible answers,1.Adam went to Africa.2.He helped to build a primary school.3.The people were very friendly.4.He visited the beaches.5.He wants to go to college and maybe become a teacher.,