1、听写是听力提高最有效的方法托福听写作业8听写稿：（将听写稿复制到下面）订正稿：（将订正稿复制到下面）正确原文：Last time, we outlined how the Civil War finally got started. I want to talk today about the political management of the war on both sides, the north under Abraham Lincoln, and the south under Jefferson Davis. An important task for both of these
2、 presidents was to justify for their citizens just why the war was necessary. In 1861, on July 4th, Lincoln gave his first major speech in which he presented the northern reasons for the war. It was, he said, to preserve democracy. Lincoln suggested that this war was a noble crusade that would deter
3、mine the future of democracy throughout the world. For him, the issue was whether or not this government of the people, by the people could maintain its integrity; could it remain complete and survive its domestic foes? In other words, could a few discontented individuals and by that he meant those
4、who led the southern rebellion, could they arbitrarily break up the government and put an end to free government on earth? The only way for the nation to survive was to crash the rebellion. At the time, he was hopeful that the war wouldnt last long, and the slave owners would be put down forever. Bu
5、t he underestimated how difficult the war would be. It would be harder than any the Americans had thought before or since, largely because the north had to break the will of the southern people, not just by its army. But Lincoln rallied northerners to a deep commitment to the cause. They came to per
6、ceive the war as a kind of democratic crusade against southern society.生词摘录：1. Civil War: n. 美国内战（南北战争）2. Abraham Lincoln: 亚伯拉罕林肯3. Jefferson Davis: 杰斐逊戴维斯4. justify: v. 证明有道理；为辩护5. preserve: v. 保护，维护6. democracy: n. 民主7. crusade: n. 十字军东征；改革运动8. domestic: adj. 国内的9. foe: n. 敌人10. discontented: adj. 不满意的11. arbitrarily: adv. 任意地,武断地,专横地12. crash: v. 击垮，迫降13. rebellion: n. 谋反,叛乱,反抗14. underestimate: v. 低估15. rally: v. 召集，集合16. commitment: n. 奉献，献身17. perceive: v. 发觉，认为