1、版权所有版权所有翻印必究翻印必究1 1英语英语学科知识与教学能力学科知识与教学能力（初级初级中学）中学）一、一、考情综述考情综述（一）历年考题分析（一）历年考题分析1.题型题量题型题量全国教师资格笔试英语学科知识与教学能力（初级中学）考试包含模块：语言知识与能力、语言教学知识与能力、教学设计、教学实施与评价。其题型题量具体分布如下：题型题型模块模块题量题量分值分值/题题每题总每题总分分总时总时长长总分总分值值单项选择题语言知识与能力20240120分钟150语言教学知识与能力10220简答题语言教学知识与能力12020教学情境分析题教学实施与评价13030教学设计题教学设计14040通过对历年
2、考题以及考试大纲的分析，我们得出这样的数据：英语学科知识与教学能力（初级中学）笔试中主观题所占的分值比重较大，约为 60%，客观题部分比重较小，约为 40%；另外，学科知识所占比重约为 27%，而教学能力比重约为 73%，远远超越学科知识比重。2.考点分布考点分布英语学科知识与教学能力（初级中学）考点分布统计表英语学科知识与教学能力（初级中学）考点分布统计表题型题型知识点知识点考点考点单项选择题单项选择题词法名词、动词及动词短语、形容词、介词、代词、连词的辨析、形容词比较级、动词时态语态、固定搭配等句法状语从句、定语从句、倒装、强调句、名词性从句、独立主格、虚拟语气等交际用语功能与话题语言学语
3、言学理论、语音学、音系学、形态学、语义学、语用学等教学理论语言知识教学、语言技能教学、课堂活动、教师角色、提问与反馈、教学评价、教学模式、语言测试类型、教学法、新课标知识等简答题简答题教学理论阅读教学、教学反馈、课堂活动实施、课堂导入、教学评价等教学情境分析题教学情境分析题教学理论教学环节、课堂活动、教学目标、教学方法、教学建议、教学资源、纠错方法等教学设计教学设计教学设计听说课、阅读课（二）命题规律总结（二）命题规律总结版权所有版权所有翻印必究翻印必究2 2全国教师资格笔试英语学科知识与教学能力（初级中学）笔试试卷结构基本上由单项选择题、简答题、教学情境分析题和教学设计题构成。单项选择题：单
4、项选择题：前 10 道题主要是由词法、句法、语言学和情景交际知识构成，其中对词法的考查较多，语言学考点较灵活，前两年的命题热点是语音学和音系学，近年来开始加强对语义学和语用学的考查；接下来的 10 道题基本上是对教学理论知识的考查，考情比较稳定，涉及的知识点较全面，旨在要求考生掌握英语教学所必需的理论知识和基本技能，树立正确的教育观念；后 10 道题是阅读理解题目，基本上是两篇，每篇设题 5 道，阅读题材以人文科技类为主，也会涉及与教育教学相关的材料，大多数文章都选自外文网站，考生备考过程中可加强阅读。简答题：简答题：考查点比较明确，需要考生根据对理论知识的掌握和理解进行作答，主要答题思路：读
5、题找关键词。熟悉教学理论体系，了解出题人心理，紧靠理论框架，不跑题不偏题。理清思路，不长篇大论重复答题。教学情境分析题教学情境分析题：考查对于教学法、教学设计、教学实施的综合理解和灵活运用。教学设计题：教学设计题：考查学生根据教学材料进行教学设计的能力，考查形式比较统一，要求全英文作答。这就要求考生既要掌握相关的英语教学理论知识，又要了解教学的各个环节，力求设计内容清晰、准确，促进教学目的的实现。（三）备考重难点总结（三）备考重难点总结1.学科知识学科知识学科知识重点考查词汇、语法和语言学知识。教资考试中的语法考查是比较有规律可循的，考查我们对词汇和句法的掌握。其中，词汇中的近义词、形近异义词
6、辨析以及根据词根词缀猜词义是考查的重点。相对词法题目，句法出现的较少，涉及了三大从句（名词性从句、定语从句以及状语从句）和特殊句型（虚拟、倒装、独立主格、强调等）。考生在备考过程中要注意重点复习这几部分的知识。语言学方面，除了需要把握一些主要的语言学理论以外，还要重点把握六大分支。其中，语音和音系部分尤为重要；另外，近年来，语义学中的句间意义关系，语用学中的言语行为理论是考试的热点和难点，需加以理解和掌握。2.教学理论教学理论教学理论方面，脑海中应形成比较清晰的框架，并能用于指导教学实践。版权所有版权所有翻印必究翻印必究3 3语言知识和技能教学中不同课型不同阶段的活动设计是单选考查的重点，同时
7、也能为较好地进行教学设计奠定基础，是备考的重中之重。教学情境分析是考查的难点，其难度在于，这部分仅凭记忆无法完成，更无法拿到高分，这一部分也不像教学设计一样，可以有一个固定的思路，按照一定的顺序和模式就能够写完。情景分析题的基础在于对知识的牢固掌握，关键在于对课堂的灵活把控，只有有了这些，才有可能正确理解情景分析题的出题方向。这一部分题目的特点是出题灵活、涉及的知识面比较广，较不容易把握答题思路，应引起考生的高度重视。二二、经典例题经典例题（一）单项选择（一）单项选择题题1.A person needs to know who he/she is before being able to kn
8、ow what _ makes him or her happy.（2015 年下半年国家教师资格考试-初级中学）A.is it thatB.it is thatC.is it whichD.it is which【答案】B。解析：考查宾语从句语序和强调句。句意：一个人在能够知道是什么让自己快乐之前，需要知道自己是谁。know 后跟了宾语从句，从句引导词为 what，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故排除 A、C两项；宾语从句为强调句，what 在从句中充当被强调部分，强调句的结构为 it is/was that/who，故选 B。2.Walnut trees _ environment stress
9、es such as drought by producing significant amounts of a substancesimilar to aspirin.（2016 年上半年国家教师资格考试-初级中学）A.turn toB.confirm toC.contribute toD.respond to【答案】D。解析：考查动词短语辨析。turn to“转向；变成；求助于；致力于；开始行动”；confirm to“证实”；contribute to“有助于”；respond to“对反应”。句意为“面对来自环境的压力，例如干旱，胡桃树会释放大量类似阿司匹林的物质”。故选 D。3.He
10、 said hed phone you _ he got home.（2016 年下半年国家教师资格考试-初级中学）A.the momentB.the moment whenC.at the momentD.at the moment when【答案】A。解析：考查时间状语从句。英语中时间状语从句的连词主要有 when,while,as,before 等，除此之外，还有一些表示时间的名词短语如 the moment,the minute,the instant 等，用于 as soon as 的意义时可引导时间状语从句，这些词在句中起着连词的作用，所以不再需要 when 等连词，因此 B 项和
11、 D 项可排除。C 项 at the moment 是介词短语，在句子中作状语，不能引导时间状语从句。句意为“他说他一到家，就会给你打电话”。故选 A。版权所有版权所有翻印必究翻印必究4 44.Which indefinite article“a”should be read emphatically in the following sentences?（2016 年下半年国家教师资格考试-初级中学）A.He is a handsome boy,but not smart.B.He is not a suspect,he is the suspect.C.He bought a cartoo
12、n book for his son.D.He is talking with a middle-aged man.【答案】B。解析：考查虚词重读。本题要求找出不定冠词“a”在句中重读的情况。不定冠词属于虚词，通常情况下，虚词是不需要重读的，如果想表达一些强调的含义时，可以将所强调的虚词重读。A 项强调的是形容词 handsome，从第二个分句中的 smart 可以得知；B 项的不定冠词“a”与后面的“the”形成对比，强调“他就是那个嫌疑犯，而不是别人”，所以需要重读。C 项和 D 项中的虚词没有表达任何特殊含义，所以不需要重读。故选 B。5.Which of the following a
13、ssumptions fails to describe the nature of vocabulary or vocabulary learning?（2016 年下半年国家教师资格考试-初级中学）A.Words are best learned in context.B.Alexical item can be more than one word.C.All words in one language have equivalents in another.D.Learning a word includes learning its form,meaning and use.【答案】
14、C。解析：考查词汇教学。句意为“下列哪项说法没有正确描述词汇或词汇学习的性质？”A项“最好在语境中学习单词”；B 项“一个词条可以对应不止一个单词”；C 项“在一门语言中的所有单词在另一门语言中都有对应的词汇”，但是事实上一门语言的词汇与另外一门语言并不是一一对应的关系，比如“巧克力”就是音译过来的一个原本在汉语里没有的词汇；D 项“”学习一个单词包括学习其形式、意义和用法。故选 C。（二）阅读理解（二）阅读理解题题（2016 年下半年国家教师资格考试-初级中学）Hidden Valley looks a lot like the dozens of other camps that dot
15、the woods of central Maine.Theres a lake,some soccer fields and horses.But the campers make the difference.Theyre all American parents who haveadopted kids from China.Theyre at Hidden Valley to find bridges from their childrens old worlds to the new.Diana Becker watches her 3-year-old daughter Mika
16、dance to a Chinese version of“Twinkle,Twinkle Little Star.”“Her soul is Chinese,”she says,“but really shes growing up American.”Hidden Valley and a handful of other“culture camps”serving families with children from overseas reflect thehuge rise in the number of foreign adoptions,from 7,093 in 1990 t
17、o 15,774 last year.Most children come fromRussia(4,491 last year)and China(4,206)but there are also thousands of others adopted annually from SouthAmerica,Asia and Eastern Europe.After cutting through what can be miles of red tape,parents often come hometo find a new predicament.“At first you think,
18、I need a child,”says Sandy Lachter of Washington,D.C.,whowith her husband,Steve,adopted Amelia,5,from China in 1995.“Then you think,What does the child need?”The culture camps give families a place to find answers to those kinds of questions.Most grew out of localsupport groups;Hidden Valley was sta
19、rted last year by the Boston chapter of Families with Children from China,which includes 650 families.While parents address weighty issues like how to raise kids in a mixed-race family,their children just have fun riding horses,singing Chinese songs or making scallion pancakes.“My philosophy ofcampi
20、ng is that they could be doing anything,as long as they see other Chinese kids with white parents,”says thedirector,Peter Kassen,whose adopted daughters Hope and Lily are 6 and 4.The camp is a continuation of language and dance classes many of the kids attend during the year.“When werented out a the
21、ater for Mulan,it was packed,”says Stephen Chen of Boston,whose adopted daughter Lindsay is4.Classes in Chinese language,art and calligraphy are taught by experts,like Renne Lu of the Greater BostonChinese Cultural Center.“Our mission is to preserve the heritage,”Lu says.版权所有版权所有翻印必究翻印必究5 5Kids who
22、are veteran campers say the experience helps them understand their complex heritage.Sixteen-year-old Alex was born in India and adopted by Kathy and David Brinton of Boulder,Colo.,when he was7.“I went through a stage where I hated India,hated everything about it,”he says.“You just couldnt mentionInd
23、ia to me.”But after six sessions at the East India Colorado Heritage Camp,held at Snow Mountain Ranch inEstes Park,Colo.,he hopes to travel to India after he graduates from high school next year.6.What is the authors primary purpose in writing the passage?A.Revealing the procedures for foreign adopt
24、ions.B.Recounting an amazing childhood camping experience.C.Investigating how Hidden Valley serves foreign adoption families.D.Demonstrating how culture camps help foreign adoption families.【答案】D。解析：主旨题。文章通篇介绍 Hidden Valley 以及其他野营活动小组安排的活动及其作用，其目的是为了阐述此类野营活动小组的开展是为了帮助跨种族收养儿童更好地了解他们的传统文化，更好地融入新家庭。故选
25、D。7.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“predicament”in PARAGRAPHTWO?A.Dilemma.B.Status.C.Contradiction.D.Consequence.【答案】A。解析：词义题。根据第二段“predicament”后面 Sandy 所说的话“At first you think,I need achild,”says Sandy Lachter of Washington,D.C.,who with her husband,Steve,adopted
26、 Amelia,5,from China in1995.“Then you think,What does the child need?”可知，虽然通过了重重困难收养了一个孩子，但是却发现了新的问题，那就是不知道孩子想要什么，所以家长的处境变得进退两难。故选 A。8.Where are the adopted kids served by Hidden Valley from?A.Russia.B.India.C.China.D.America.【答案】C。解析：细节题。根据第一段“Theyre all American parents who have adopted kids from
27、China.”可知 Hidden Valley 帮助的孩子来自中国。故选 C。9.What can a culture camp help to do according to Peter Kassen?A.It helps the adopted kids form a correct attitude to their complex heritage.B.It helps the Chinese children have fun with their American parents.C.It helps the Americans increase the adoption from
28、 Russia and China.D.It helps the American parents adopt children from other countries.【答案】B。解析：细节题。根据 Peter Kassen 定位到第三段“My philosophy of camping is that they couldbe doing anything,as long as they see other Chinese kids with white parents,”says the director,Peter Kassen.可见他的观点是“只要孩子们看到其他中国孩子能和他们的白
29、人父母在一起做的，他们都可以做”，因此选 B。其他三项均不是 Peter Kassen 的观点。10.What can be inferred about Alex from the last paragraph?A.The culture camps caused Alex to hate everything about India.B.The East India Colorado Heritage Camp led to Alexs immigration.C.Hidden Valley served as a link between Alexs old world and the
30、new.D.The culture camps helped Alex better understand his mixed-race family.【答案】D。解析：推断题。根据最后一段第一句以及 Alex 所说的话，可知 Alex 对他的出生国家印度有了改观，对自己跨种族的家庭有了新的认识。故选 D。也可以使用排除法，排除其他三项。（三）（三）简答题简答题根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。（2016 年下半年国家教师资格考试-初级中学）11.简述教师在组织小组活动（group work）时需注意的两个注意事项。列举教师在开展小组活动时的两个主要角色，并概括有效开展小组活动时教师应具备
31、的两个主要能力。版权所有版权所有翻印必究翻印必究6 6【参考答案】（1）教师在组织小组活动时需注意的两个注意事项：精心选择话题，明确活动目的。教师在小组活动中要结合教学内容，选择恰当的话题，以引发学生的学习兴趣，激起学生主动参与语言活动的欲望。同时，要在活动开始之前，使学生明白小组活动的任务，从而才能按照教师的布置认真完成小组活动并有实质性收获。合理组建小组，明确职责分工。教师要从学生的实际情况出发，注意学生之间的差异性，进行合理分组。可以根据性别、性格特点、学习成绩、遵守纪律情况的等方面的差异建立相对稳定的学习小组，以保证组内各成员的差异性和互补性；可以根据小组水平基本一致来分，以保证小组之
32、间竞争的公平性。在分组后，要根据每个人的实际情况，明确分工，确保每个组员都有属于自己的任务，使每个人都能有效地发挥作用。（2）教师在开展小组活动时的两个主要角色：组织者教师宣布采取小组活动的形式，明确活动任务，组织分组，确定每组组长并使小组长明确自己的职责，然后说明活动如何开展；活动进行中，教师要确保学生正确地执行任务，并给予指导或督促，这都体现了教师的组织者的角色。参与者新课程强调教学是教与学的交往、互动，是师生双方相互交流、相互沟通、相互补充的过程。在小组活动中，教师应把自己当成学生中的一员，参与到活动中，既可以活跃课堂气氛，增进师生感情，又可以帮助学生解决难题，协助学生共同完成任务。（另
33、外，教师在小组活动中的主要角色还有控制者、评价者等，考生列举出两种，并做简洁的说明即可）（3）教师应具备的两个主要能力是组织能力和观察能力。在小组活动中，教师需要在整个过程中，发挥良好的组织协调能力。同时在整个活动的过程中，教师也需要发挥观察能力。如发现学生在活动中遇到困难，要主动帮助学生排忧解难，使活动能够顺畅进行。（四四）教学设计题教学设计题根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。（2016 年下半年国家教师资格考试-初级中学）12.设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计 20 分钟的英语听说教学方案。该方案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：teaching objectiv
34、esteaching contentskey and difficult pointsmajor steps and time allocationactivities and justifications教学时间：20 分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中一年级（七年级）学生，班级人数 40 人，多数学生已经达到义务教育英语课程标准（2011 年版）二级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：第一段：My best friend is called Louise.Shes short and chubby.She has big eyes,a straight nose and blond ha
35、ir.Shehas brown eyes.Louise is very funny.She likes to tell jokes.Sometimes she makes jokes in class and gets intotrouble!Louise and I like to go to the movies together and we like to talk about our favorite actors,singers,etc.第二段：Alan is my best friend.Hes very strong and athletic.He loves all kind
36、s of sports-especially soccer.Hesmedium height and thin.He has short,straight,black hair and green eyes.We like to go to watch soccer games版权所有版权所有翻印必究翻印必究7 7with our friends.And we often talk about games we see on TV.Alan knows about all the players of all the teams.Hes like an encyclopedia of socc
37、er!第三段：My best friends name is Penny.She is really smart.She always gets good grades at school.But shes also alot of fun to be with.Shes tall and rather large.She has long,straight,brown hair and brown eyes.We both likemusic a lot.We like to listen to music and sometimes we go to concerts together.W
38、e like to talk about the wordsof our favorite songs.【参考设计】Teaching contents:These three passages are about how to describe friends and the things they do together.Teaching objectives:(1)Knowledge objectiveStudents can learn some new words and expressions to describe a friends appearance,such as“chub
39、by,athletic”,character,interests and what they like to do.(2)Ability objectives:Students can develop the ability to describe their friends look,character and interests.Students can improve their listening and speaking skills.(3)Emotional objectives:Students can get a deeper understanding about frien
40、dship and strengthen their friendship.Teaching key and difficult points:(1)How to make students learn to describe a friend.(2)How to make students improve the listening and speaking skills.Teaching procedures:Step 1 Pre-listening(5 minutes)The teacher asks students the following questions:(1)Who is
41、your best friend?What does he/she look like?(2)What does he/she like to do?What do you usually do?(Justification:Questions about students friends can arouse their interest and prepare them for the class.)Step 2 While-listening(9 minutes)(1)Listen to the tape and fill in the blank.LouiseAlanPennyShes
42、 _ and chubby.Shehas _,a _ nose and blondhair.She has _ eyes.Louise isvery _.She likes to _.Sometimes she _ in class and_!Hes very _ and _.He loves all kinds of _-especiallysoccer.Hesmediumheight and _.He has _hair and _ eyes.Sheisreally_.Shealways gets _ at school.Butshes also _ to be with.Shes_ an
43、d _.She has _hair and _ eyes.(2)Listen to the tape again and finish the following question of each person:What do you like to do together?(Justification:This step helps students to get a better understanding about the listening material.)Step 3 Post-listening(6 minutes)(1)Show the tape scripts on th
44、e PPT.(2)Group discussion:Talk about your ideal friends.Then the teacher asks some students to share their ideas,then makes a conclusion about friendship andemphasizes the importance of friendship.版权所有版权所有翻印必究翻印必究8 8(Justification:This step helps students to train their speaking abilities and furthe
45、r their understanding aboutfriends and friendship.)20172017 上半年教师资格备考讲座上半年教师资格备考讲座点击图片进入点击图片进入20172017 上半年教师资格笔试直播课上半年教师资格笔试直播课点击图片进入点击图片进入版权所有版权所有翻印必究翻印必究9 9关注关注教师资格教师资格微信公众号（微信公众号（jiaoshi518jiaoshi518）回复回复“我要听视频我要听视频”下载【教师资格各学科学习视频】下载【教师资格各学科学习视频】回复回复“内部资料内部资料”下载【教师资格各学科重要分析资料】下载【教师资格各学科重要分析资料】教师资格考试相关问题，欢迎来咨询哦教师资格考试相关问题，欢迎来咨询哦