1、生殖健康/论著子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者宫腹腔镜术后妊娠的影响因素分析卢燕玲,谢静颖,杨艳,廖耘生,范佳颖广州市妇女儿童医疗中心妇产科,广东 广州 510000基金项目:广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2016027)通信作者:范佳颖,Email:摘要:目的探讨子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者宫腹腔镜术后妊娠率并分析其影响因素,验证子宫内膜异位症生育指数评分(EFI)对术后妊娠的预测价值,以期提高术后妊娠率。方法纳入 2014 年 1 月 1 日2017 年 7 月 31 日在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心行宫腹腔镜的子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者,收集每位研究对象的临床信息和 3 年随访资料后,计算各时间点
2、的累积妊娠率,根据术后是否妊娠分成两组,应用单因素和多因素 logistic 分析探究术后妊娠的影响因素。再根据不同 EFI 评分分成EFI4 分、4 分EFI6 分、6 分EFI8 分及 EFI9 分共 4 组,验证 EFI 评分与术后妊娠的关系。结果本研究共纳入 354 例患者(非妊娠组135 例,妊娠组219 例),术后3 年累积妊娠率约为61.9%,随时间延长,累积妊娠率增长明显减缓。多因素 lo-gistic 分析表明,继发性不孕、不孕年限3 年、高抗缪勒管激素(AMH)水平、高 EFI 评分及术后接受 AT 治疗是术后妊娠的有利因素(均 P0.05)。EFI9 组患者术后 3 年累
3、积妊娠率是 EFI4 组的 2 倍。EFI 评分越高,各时间点的累积妊娠率均越高(2=12.256、18.078、15.653、15.157,均 P0.05)。EFI 评分较低的患者更倾向于术后接受辅助生殖技术(AT)治疗(2=12.648,P0.05)。结论子宫内膜异位症并不孕患者宫腹腔镜术后可获得良好的妊娠率,继发性不孕、不孕年限3 年、高AMH 水平、高 EFI 评分及术后接受 AT 治疗是术后妊娠的有利因素,应用 EFI 评分能有效进行术后生育潜力预测和生育指导。关键词:子宫内膜异位症;不孕;宫腹腔镜;妊娠率;子宫内膜异位症生育指数评分中国图书分类号:713.7文献标识码:A文章编号:
4、1001-4411(2023)05-0847-05;doi:10.19829/j.zgfybj.issn.10014411.2023.05.020Explore risk factors of postoperative pregnancy after hysteroscopiclaparoscopicsurgery in patients with endometriosis associated infertilityLU Yanling,XIE Jingying,YANG Yan,LIAO Yunsheng,FAN JiayingDepartment of Gynaecology and
5、 Obstetrics,Guangzhou Women and Childrens Medical Center,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510000,ChinaAbstract:ObjectiveThe objective is to estimate the postoperative pregnancy rate after hysteroscopiclaparoscopic surgery in patientswith endometriosisassociated infertility and explore its risk factors to improve
6、 the pregnancy rate.MethodsPatients with endometriosisas-sociated infertility who underwent hysteroscopiclaparoscopic surgery from January 1,2014 to July 31,2017,in the GYN Department ofGuangzhou Womens and Childrens Medical Center were included in our study.The cumulative pregnancy rates at differe
7、nt points in timewere calculated after collecting clinical data and a 3year followup of the study population.Patients were divided into two groups accordingto whether they were pregnant.We studied the risk factors of pregnancy after hysteroscopiclaparoscopic surgery in patients with endometrio-sisas
8、sociated infertility by univariate analysis and multifactorial logistic regression analysis.The results were shown as an O value with a95%confidence interval and a pvalue.Patients were then divided into four groups(EFI4,4EFI6,6EFI8,and EFI 9)ac-cording to EFI scores to explore the relationship betwe
9、en EFI scores and pregnancy in endometriosisassociated infertility.esultsA total of354 patients(135 cases in the nonpregnant group and 219 in the pregnant group)were included in the study.The cumulative pregnancyrate three years after hysteroscopiclaparoscopic surgery in patients with endometriosisa
10、ssociated infertility was 61.9%.The growth of thecumulative pregnancy rate slowed significantly over time.Multifactorial logistic analysis showed that secondary infertility,infertility time 3years,high AMH levels,high EFI scores,and postoperative AT treatment were beneficial factors in postoperative
11、 pregnancy(all P0.05)The EFI 9 groups cumulative pregnancy rate was almost twice that of the EFI 4 group three years after surgery.The higher theEFI score,the higher the cumulative pregnancy rate at all points in time(all P0.05).Patients with a lower EFI score were more likely toreceive postoperativ
12、e AT treatment(P0.05).ConclusionThe cumulative pregnancy rate after hysteroscopiclaparoscopic surgery washigh in patients with endometriosisassociated infertility.Secondary infertility,infertility time 3 years,high AMH levels,high EFI scores,and postoperative AT treatment were beneficial factors in
13、postoperative pregnancy.Applying the EFI score could effectively predict postoper-ative fertility potential and help doctors give fertility guidance.Keywords:Endometriosis;Infertility;Hysteroscopiclaparoscopic surgery;Pregnancy rate;Endometriosis fertility index子宫内膜异位症(EM)是育龄期妇女常见的妇科疾病,与不孕关系密切,对妇女的身
14、心健康和社会生活造成严重困扰12。目前,宫腹腔镜联合手术是诊断子宫内膜异位症合并不孕、切除子宫内膜异位病变、评估输卵管及卵巢功能和改善生殖能力的金标748中国妇幼保健2023 年 3 月第 38 卷第 5 期Maternal and Child Health Care of China.March 2023,Vol.38,No.5准34。近年来,由于腹腔镜技术的快速发展,宫腹腔镜在子宫内膜异位症合并不孕的诊断和治疗中得到了广泛应用和良好成效57。然而,宫腹腔镜联合治疗对子宫内膜异位症患者,尤其是中重度子宫内膜异位症患者的术后生育能力的影响仍存在争议。有部分学者提出,宫腹腔镜联合手术无法改善与子
15、宫内膜异位症相关的慢性炎症变化以及局部组织分子生物学的变化,可能无法恢复子宫内膜异位症对生育能力造成的不利影响8。此外,由于子宫内膜异位症侵袭性和复发性极强,超过 10%在术后 1 2 年复发911。因此,探讨宫腹腔镜联合手术对子宫内膜异位症生育能力的影响,有效预测术后生育潜力,提高子宫内膜异位症患者的生育能力,是临床上亟待解决的问题。rAFS 分期是美国生殖医学学会经过多次修订的子宫内膜异位症分期系统,根据异位病变累及部位、大小、深浅及粘连程度进行打分,明确评估子宫内膜异位症的严重程度,已广泛应用于临床1213,但 rAFS 分期并不能很好地预测子宫内膜异位症患者的生育潜力和妊娠结局1416
16、。2010 年 Adamson 首次提出子宫内膜异位症生育指数评分(EFI),根据年龄、不孕类型、不孕年限、输卵管及卵巢最小功能、AFS 病灶评分和 AFS 总分,评估患者的生育潜力并采取相应的临床决策1718。已有研究证实 EFI评分对很好地评估子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者的生育能力15,1922。本研究通过回顾性分析行宫腹腔镜手术治疗的子宫内膜异位症并不孕患者的临床信息和随访资料,探讨可能影响子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者宫腹腔镜术后妊娠的因素,并验证 EFI 评分对宫腹腔镜联合手术后妊娠率的预测价值,为改善子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者的生育能力提供临床依据,现将结果报道如下。1资料与方法1.1资料来源纳入2014 年1 月1 日2017 年7 月31 日期间于广州市妇女儿童医疗中心就诊并收治的经宫腹腔镜确诊并治疗的子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者为研究对象。纳入标准:经宫腹腔镜确诊且治疗的子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者;年龄18 岁;宫腹腔镜手术在月经干净后 3 7 d 内进行,由同一手术组完成;临床信息及随访资料完整;已签署知情同意书。排除标准:术前 3 个月内接受过激素治疗;术后 3 年内无妊