1、从英译汉的实例分析看英汉思维方式差异AbstractDuetodifferentcultures,EnglishandChinesepeoplehaveformedtheirownmodesofthought,whichinfluencetheirlivingwaysgreatly,especiallytheirownlanguages.Modeofthoughtisaverycomplicatedabstractconceptionconnectedcloselytophilosophy.InthispaperIwillmainlyconcernonEnglishindividualisma
2、ndChineseentirety,becausetheirdifferenceisthemostdistinctoneexistinginmodesofthought.Englishpeoplepreferindividualism,whichleadsthemtosubordinatetherecognizedobjectsintosmallparts.WhileChinesepeoplelikeentirety,theyprefertotaketheworldasawhole.Thinkingpatternshavebeenclearlyreflectedonlanguages,asar
3、esultofwhichEnglishishypotacticandChineseisparatactic.Thispapercentersonthedifferencesofhypotacticandparatacticcharacteristicsinlanguagesandtheirformingreasonsmodesofthought.Englishpeoplepreferstomakegooduseofthehypotacticmarkerstolinkthesentencecomponents,whileChineseusuallytrytounderstandtheworldb
4、ytheirownintuition.InthispaperthedifferencesareexplainedthroughEnglish-Chinesetranslationandthestatisticsarealsogiventoprovethem. KeyWordscomparison;modeofthought;languages;English;Chinese 摘要根源于不同的文化渊源,英汉两族人民形成了他们各自的思维模式。这种思维模式的差异深深地影响了他们的各种生活方式,尤其体现在语言上。思维模式是一个非常复杂抽象的概念,与哲学密切相关。在这篇论文中我将主要阐释英民族的个体性思
5、维和汉民族的整体性思维,因为它们之间的差异是思维模式中最突出的一面。英民族偏爱个体性思维,这使他们在认识世界时惯于将认知对象划分为小个体。然而,汉民族偏爱整体性思维,将世界看成一个整体。语言深刻地反映了思维模式的这种差异,因此就形成了英语的形合特征和汉语的意合特征。这篇论文侧重阐述语言中的形合和意合特征以及它们各种的形成原因-思维模式。英语民族的人民惯于利用形合标志连接句子成分,而汉民族却常常应用自身的直觉来体会世界。这篇论文将通过英译汉的翻译和统计数据来证实此观点。 关键词英汉思维；对比；语言；英语；汉语 1.Introduction ThefamousWhorfhypothesisthin
6、ksthatlanguageshavedeterminingeffectsonmodesofthought,whichisformedrelativelytolanguagesanddifferentlanguageswillbringondifferentthinkingpatterns.1p35LiuMiqing(刘宓庆)holdstheopinionthatmodesofthoughthascontrolledoverlanguages2p35,andlanguagesaretheconcretemanifestationofmodesofthought.Inmyopinion,mode
7、softhoughtdecidetheuseoflanguages,andthereasonshowlanguagesareinfluencedbymodesofthoughtshouldbeexaminedfromtheirrelationship. Modesofthoughtandlanguagesinfluenceandreflecteachotherclosely.“Thinkingpatterns,thoughtcharacteristicsandthinkingstylesarethephilosophicalmechanismoflanguageproduction.Langu
8、ageactuallyattachescloselytothethoughtthatistheprofoundmechanism.”3p166Thinkingpatternsarethedeep-rootedmechanismoftheforminganddevelopingoflanguages,andontheotherhandlanguageshelptopromotetheforminganddevelopingofmodesofthought.Languageisthecarrierofthinkingandabstractionofreality,andmodeofthoughti
9、stheconsciousactivityinwhichpeoplesmindsreflectandrealizetheobjectivereality.4p36Thedifferencesbetweenthinkingpatternsarethemainreasonsthatresultinthedifferencesoflanguageforms,soIthinkthestudyofthefeatures,thetransitionandtherelationshipoflanguagesshouldbestartedwiththestudyofmodesofthoughtwhichcon
10、nectcloselywiththeculturesandthelanguages.English-Chinesemodesofthoughthavetheirowncharacteristicsinthinkingcore,thinkingpattern,cognitionhabitsandthinkingprinciples.AsatoolforcommunicationthebasicattributeofEnglishandChinesearethesame,sotherearemanysimilaritiesduringthedescriptionandthinkingwiththe
11、twolanguages.Butbecauseoftheinfluenceoftheirowncultures,therearemanydifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages,andbasedondifferentcomparisonfoundationtherearemanydifferentkindsofresults. InthispaperEnglish-Chinesetranslationwillbegivenandanalyzedindetailsinordertounderstandthedifferencesofthemodesofthoughtbe
12、tweenEnglishandChinesethroughtheirlanguagemanifestations.StatisticswillbegiventoexplainthedifferencesofEnglishandChinese,whichisthefoundationformyanalyzingofthedifferencesoftheirownthinkingpatterns.Asweknow,therearemanydifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages,suchashypotaxisandparataxis,passiveandactive,st
13、aticanddynamic,impersonandperson.Butinthispassage,Iwillonlymainlydiscussfromonepointwhichishypotaxisandparataxis.AsNidastatesinhisbookthatstudyfromlinguistics,themostimportantdifferentcharacteristicbetweenChineseandEnglishisthedifferenceofparataxisandhypotaxis.5P13LiuMiqingholdstheopinionthathypotax
14、isandparataxisarethe“uniquecharacteristic”forEnglishandChinese.6P13Thecomparisonofthedifferencewillbedescribedthroughstatisticaldescriptionandthedeep-rootedreasonsofthinkingpatternswillalsobegiventoexplaintheformingofthelanguagedifference. 2.TheexampleoftheEnglishtoChinesetranslation 2.1Englishoriginal Weknowthatcleanenergytechnologies