1、摘 要近年来随着平等自由的思想深入人心，社会愈加重视对妇女的权益保护，但是长期传统思想的束缚和婚内强奸隐蔽性的特征使得受害人往往受不到法律的保护。而由于司法实务对于婚内强奸问题的模棱两可，丈夫能否成为对妻子施以强奸罪的犯罪主体主体更是仁者见仁智者见智，这使得社会对于这一问题无法提供有效而及时的救济。所以本文共分为四个章节将从以下几点对这个问题加以阐述。第一章主要介绍了婚内强奸的概念和问题的由来。根据资料分析婚内强奸是偶然现象还是普遍现象、近年来这个问题得到极大关注的原因。第二章详细介绍了域内外对于婚内强奸问题的研究。任何问题的发展都有一定规律可循，而隐藏其后的价值问题就是最重要的推手。首先可以
2、看到随着人权问题的提出、发展到现在的极度重视，美国和欧盟各国等资本主义国家在对待婚内强奸的问题上都经历了“否认部分肯定肯定”的过程；其次从近年来的多起婚内强奸案中可以分析出我国正处于“部分肯定”的阶段。因为折中说即“附条件的肯定说”，是考虑到国庆和司法实务现状而提出的不完全的肯定说，它将随着时间的推移和问题的解决向肯定说靠拢，所以将折中说放在肯定说中加以说明。第三章是基于上两张对于问题背景的阐述和域内外学者官方的观点，作者本人从以下几个方面进行了论述。首先，从判例逻辑、文义解释、刑法原则及权利义务等方面对否定说进行反驳；其次，从我国现有法律对于婚内问题的规定和伦理感情入手，来论述婚内强奸入罪的
3、可能性和可行性。最后一章是对婚内强奸入罪的构想，包括婚内强奸问题的犯罪化不应盲目移植和分情况讨论。 关键词：婚内强奸；丈夫豁免；性自主权2AbstractMarital rape as a kind of family violence, which damage to women and violence as much as the general behavior of the rape. In recent years, along with the freedom and equality ideas win support among the people, the society
4、 pay more attention to the protection of the rights and interests of women, but in the long term the shackles of traditional thinking and the characteristics of marital rape victims often concealed by the lack of legal protection. Because the judicial practice for the problem of marital rape can be
5、ready to accept either course, husband to his wife to the crime of rape crime subject is the different people have different views, which makes the society for this problem can not provide effective and timely relief. So this paper will elaborate on the problem from the following ideas into the crim
6、e of rape within marriage.The first chapter mainly introduces the origin of concepts and problems of marital rape. The first comprehensive definition of marital rape; secondly, according to the data analysis of causes of rape is an accidental phenomenon or a common phenomenon in recent years, this p
7、roblem has drawn great attention of marital rape; finally the causes of phenomenon in marriage.The second chapter introduces the foreign research on the problem of rape in marriage. The development of any problems there are some rules to follow, and the hidden value then is the most important. First
8、 of all, to put forward can be seen as the extreme importance of the human rights issue, USA and countries in the European Union and other capitalist countries have experienced deny part of affirmation, affirmation in dealing with the problem of marital rape; rape from more than a second marriage in
9、 recent years, the case can be analyzed in China sure stage; finally, summarize two views of domestic scholars on the formation of the problem of marital rape, and compare. Because the compromise said that conditional, is to consider the national situation and judicial practice of not completely sur
10、e that it will be solved, with time goes on and the problem to the positive close, so will compromise on the positive theory explained.The third chapter is the key part of this thesis, the author views on this problem. Two for the problem of background and foreign scholar official point of view, the
11、 author discussed from the following aspects. First of all, that of negative cases from logic, semantic interpretation, the principle of criminal law and the rights and obligations and other aspects; secondly, from our existing legal provisions for marital IIproblems and ethical feelings start, the
12、possibility and feasibility of marital rape.The last chapter includes specific conception of marital rape crime and the points of discussion in the judicial practice.Key Words: Marital rape；Husband exemption；sexual autonomyII目 录绪论1一、 “婚内强奸”的概念和问题由来2（一）婚内强奸的概念2（二）婚内强奸问题的由来2二、婚内强奸的域内外视野2（一）域外刑法对婚内强奸的立
13、场2（二）中国目前司法实务上的态度3（三）中国学者的正反观点41、无罪说42、有罪说4三、婚内强奸的入罪讨论5（一）无罪说的悖论51、判例批判52、 婚姻的合法性不等于性行为的合法性63、 夫妻性关系是平等、对应的权利义务关系64、 牺牲妻子合法权益来维护家庭社会稳定是不可取的6（二）婚内强奸的法律考量6四、“婚内强奸”犯罪化的构想7（一）法律移植不应盲目而为7（二）婚内强奸犯罪化应分情况讨论8结语9主要参考文献11绪论在1956年的北罗得西亚，婚内强奸被视作与奸尸一样罪恶，而且非经同意的性行为会导致女性不育，所以丈夫会被判暂时离开妻子。而后英国殖民地法官不赞同这一判决结果，认为婚内性行为只要
14、不涉及暴力，就是在享受丈夫的权利。我们通过翻阅资料可以看到欧洲在中世纪的时候是没有“婚内强奸”这一概念存在的，但是到了中世纪晚期的时候人们不是基于现在对人权保护的考虑而对丈夫施以惩罚，而是因为人们认为这种行为是反常的而反常的性行为会招来战争、饥荒和瘟疫，所以丈夫会因为发生不正常的性行为而被指控实施巫术。但是在现在的美国，如果婚内强奸发生在在校学生身上，那么丈夫会因为没有得到妻子“明确自愿”的同意而被逐出校园并且被指控性犯罪。同样的，我国妇女的社会地位自新中国成立以来得到了空前的提高。法律的阶级性意味着不同时期的法律体现不同阶级统治的诉求。奴隶制社会和封建制社会的社会关系决定了当时的男女权利完全
15、不对等、以及严重的歧视女性色彩。在社会主义法面前人人平等，女性是社会主义建设事业强有力的参与者。基于对妇女权益的保护我们必须重视婚内强奸这一问题，它不仅意味着妇女七里保护的突破性进展，同时也会因盲目一直而给我们的法律体系带来难以预料的伤害。所以我们必须严谨地回答好这个问题。13一、 “婚内强奸”的概念和问题由来（一）婚内强奸的概念婚内强奸是指夫妻关系合法存续期间，丈夫违背妻子的意愿，采用暴力、胁迫或者其他手段，强行与妻子发生性关系的行为。就案例来说，人们是以婚内的强制性行为形式上符合刑法规定之强奸罪的构成要件而默认称其为“婚内强奸”来以便于研究的，只是因为当事人身份的特殊性而冠以“婚内”的定语
16、，因此我们不妨将婚内强奸作为强奸罪的一种特殊情形。刑法解释学人为区分罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪的关键在于是否侵犯刑法所保护的法益以及侵犯何种法益，我们就从这里入手来简要探讨。（二）婚内强奸问题的由来当今社会物质生活极大丰富，婚姻更加自由的同时来自外界的约束力也愈加减少，在生存压力增大面临挑战的情况下，婚姻关系即使有法律保护有时也不堪一击。古往今来，家庭暴力一直是婚姻的“催命符”随着信息的发展，人人都是信息信息发布者和传播者，婚内强奸作为婚内性暴力的一种也逐渐为各界人士所关注。类似的调查都表明婚内强奸现象并不是个例，更因为是发生在最信任的亲人身上所以对妇女的精神伤害尤其严重。因其与刑法学上的“强奸罪”在客观表现
