1、Marine Vapor Control Training Guidelines API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 27 FIRST EDITION,NOVEMBER 1993 American Petroleum lnstitute 1220 L Street,Northwest Washington,D.C.20005 11 ip Marine Vapor Control Training Guidelines Manufacturing,Distribution and Marketing Department API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1127
2、FIRST EDITION,NOVEMBER 1993 American Petroleum Institute qr SPECIAL NOTES 1.API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERALNATURE.WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES,LOCAL,STATE,AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS SHOULD BE REVIEWED.2.API IS NOT UNDERTAKING TO MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYE
3、RS,MANU-FACTURERS,OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIPTHEIR EMPLOYEES,AND OTHERS EXPOSED,CONCERNING HEALTH ANDSAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS,NOR UNDERTAKING THEIR OBLIGATIONSUNDER LOCAL,STATE,OR FEDERAL LAWS.3.INFORMATION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS AND PROPERPRECAUTIONS WITH RESPE
4、CT TO PARTICULAR MATERIALS AND CONDI-TIONS SHOULD BE OBTAINED FROM THE EMPLOYER,THE MANUFACTUREROR SUPPLIER OF THAT MATERIAL,OR THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET.4.NOTHING CONTAINED IN ANY API PUBLICATION IS TO BE CONSTRUED ASGRANTING ANY RIGHT,BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE,FOR THE MANU-FACTURE,SALE,OR U
5、SE OF ANY METHOD,APPARATUS,OR PRODUCT COV-ERED BY LETTERS PATENT.NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHING CONTAINED INTHE PUBLICATION BE CONSTRUED AS INSURING ANYONE AGAINST LIABIL-ITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF LETTERS PATENT.5.GENERALLY,API STANDARDS ARE REVIEWED AND REVISED,REAF-FIRMED,OR WITHDRAWN AT LEAST EVERY FIVE Y
6、EARS.SOMETIMES A ONE-TIME EXTENSION OF UP TO TWO YEARS WILL BE ADDED TO THIS REVIEWCYCLE.THIS PUBLICATION WILL NO LONGER BE IN EFFECT FIVE YEARS AF-TER ITS PUBLICATION DATE AS AN OPERATIVE API STANDARD OR,WHEREAN EXTENSION HAS BEEN GRANTED,UPON REPUBLICATION.STATUS OF THEPUBLICATION CAN BE ASCERTAIN
7、ED FROM THE API AUTHORING DEPART-MENT TELEPHONE(202)682-8000.A CATALOG OF API PUBLICATIONS ANDMATERIALS IS PUBLISHED ANNUALLY AND UPDATED QUARTERLY BY API,1220 L STREET,N.W.,WASHINGTON,D.C.20005.Copyright 1993 American Petroleum Institute FOREWORD This recommended practice was developed under the di
8、rection of the API Marine Trans-portation Committee in cooperation with the Independent Liquid Terminals Association,The American Waterways Operators,and the American Institute of Merchant Shipping.This publication is intended to introduce uniformity in marine vapor control personnel training progra
9、ms for tank ships,tank barges,and marine terminals required to operate va-por collection systems for the transfer of gasoline,crude oil,and benzene.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so.Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data
10、contained in them;however,the Institute makes no representation,warranty,or guarantee in connection with the publi-cation and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage re-sulting from its use or for the violation of any federal,state,or municipal regulation with w
11、hich this publication may conflict.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of the Manufac-turing,Distribution and Marketing Department,American Petroleum Institute,1220 L Street,N.W.,Washington,DC 20005.iii CONTENTS Page SECTION 1-GENERAL 1.1 Objective and Scope 1.2 G
12、lossary.1.3 Referenced Publications 1.4 Introduction 1.5 System Overview 1.5.1 Enclosed Combustion.1.5.2 Open Flares Carbon Adsorption Systems 1 Refrigeration Systems 1.5.5 Lean-Oil Absorption 1.5.6 Recycling to a Plant-Fuel Gas System 1.6 Hazards 1.6.1 Fire and Explosion 1.6.2 Over-or Underpressuri
13、zation.1.6.3 Overfilling 1.6.4 Misconnection of Liquid and Vapor Lines.1.6.5 Condensation in the Vapor Line.Pyrophoric Iron Sulfide Deposits Static Electricity Discharge SECTION 2-VESSEL COMPONENTS AND SAFETY AND OPERATING CONCERNS 2.1 Vessel Components.2.2 Safety Concerns 2.2.1 General 2.2.2 Overfi
14、lling the Vessel 2.2.3 Overpressuring the Vessel.2.2.4 Underpressuring the Vessel 2.2.5 Misconnection of Hoses and Loading Arms.2.3 General Operating Concerns 2.3.1 Cargo Contamination.Valve Positioning.Inspection 2.3.4 Static Electricity 2.3.5 Condensate in the Vapor Header.2.3.6 Vessel Filling Rat
15、e.2.3.7 System Emergency Shutdowns and Alarms:What Should Be Done?.Pretransfer Conference 2.3.9 Vapor Balancing During Lightering SECTION 3-SHORE COMPONENTS AND SAFETY AND OPERATING CONCERNS 3.1 Shore Components.3.2 Safety Concerns 3.2.1 General 3.2.2 Overfilling the Vessel 3.2.3 Overpressuring the
16、Vessel.Underpressuring the Vessel 3.2.5 Preventing Flame Propagation and Detonation 1.5.3.5.4 1.6.6 1.6.7 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.3.8 3.2.4.,.,.,.,.,.V 1 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 8 9 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 14 15 15 15 15 17 19 20 Page 3.2.6 Misconnection of Hoses and Loading Arms.25 3.3 General Operating Concerns.26 3.3.1 Vessel and Shore Cargo Connections.26 3.3.2 Cargo Hoses.26 3.3.3 Cargo Loading Arms.26 3.3.4 Vessel and Shore Insulating and Grounding.27 3.3.5 Static Electricity.2
