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_RP_555-2013_2020.pdf

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1、Process AnalyzersAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 555THIRD EDITION,JUNE 2013REAFFIRMED,JUNE 2020 Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature.With respect to particular circumstances,local,state,and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs

2、 employees,subcontractors,consultants,committees,or other assignees make anywarranty or representation,either express or implied,with respect to the accuracy,completeness,or usefulness of theinformation contained herein,or assume any liability or responsibility for any use,or the results of such use

3、,of anyinformation or process disclosed in this publication.Neither API nor any of APIs employees,subcontractors,consultants,or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so.Every effort

4、has been made by the Institute to assure theaccuracy and reliability of the data contained in them;however,the Institute makes no representation,warranty,orguarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss ordamage resulting from it

5、s use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication mayconflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven,sound engineering and operatingpractices.These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound

6、engineering judgmentregarding when and where these publications should be utilized.The formulation and publication of API publicationsis not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requiremen

7、ts of an API standardis solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard.API does not represent,warrant,or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.Users of this Standard should not rely exclusively on the information contai

8、ned in this document.Sound business,sci-entific,engineering,and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.All rights reserved.No part of this work may be reproduced,translated,stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopyi

9、ng,recording,or otherwise,without prior written permission from the publisher.Contact the Publisher,API Publishing Services,1220 L Street,NW,Washington,DC 20005.Copyright 2013 American Petroleum Institute ForewordNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right,by im

10、plication or otherwise,for themanufacture,sale,or use of any method,apparatus,or product covered by letters patent.Neither should anythingcontained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall:As used in a standard,“shall”denotes a min

11、imum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should:As used in a standard,“should”denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in orderto conform to the specification.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notificati

12、on andparticipation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard.Questions concerning theinterpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under whichthis publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director

13、of Standards,American PetroleumInstitute,1220 L Street,NW,Washington,DC 20005.Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any partof the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally,API standards are reviewed and revised,reaffirmed,or withdrawn at least e

14、very five years.A one-timeextension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle.Status of the publication can be ascertained from theAPI Standards Department,telephone(202)682-8000.A catalog of API publications and materials is publishedannually by API,1220 L Street,NW,Washington,DC 20005.S

15、uggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department,API,1220 L Street,NW,Washington,DC 20005,standardsapi.org.iii ContentsPageSection AProcess Analyzer ConsiderationsA.1Scope.11Analyzer Selection Design Requirements.11.1Economic Considerations.11.2Environmental and Saf

16、ety Considerations.21.3Technical Considerations.22System Data Management Requirements.32.1General.32.2Analog Transmission.32.3Digital Transmission.32.4Discrete Transmission.52.5Other Types of Protocols.53Analyzer System Calibration and Validation.53.1General.53.2Calibration.53.3Validation.104Sample Conditioning.104.1General.104.2Functions of a Sample System.114.3Design Factors.115Prepackaged Systems .295.1General.295.2Advantages of Pre-Packaged Systems.315.3Total Systems Approach.316Maintenance,

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