1、Designation:A178/A178M02(Reapproved 2012)Standard Specification forElectric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A178/A178M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof orig
2、inal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense
3、.1.Scope1.1 This specification2covers minimum-wall-thickness,electric-resistance-welded tubes made of carbon steel andcarbon-manganese steel intended for use as boiler tubes,boilerflues,superheater flues,and safe ends.NOTE1Type C and D tubes are not suitable for safe-ending for forgewelding.1.2 The
4、tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished tothis specification are12to 5 in.12.7 to 127 mm in outsidediameter and 0.035 to 0.360 in.0.9 to 9.1 mm,inclusive,inminimum wall thickness.Tubing having other dimensions maybe furnished,provided such tubes comply with all otherrequirements of this speci
5、fication.1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply totubing smaller than18in.3.2 mm in inside diameter or 0.015in.0.4 mm in thickness.1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided andwhen desired,shall be so stated in the order.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI un
6、itsare to be regarded separately as standard.Within the text,theSI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents;therefore,each system mustbe used independently of the other.Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cat
7、ion.The inch-pound units shall apply unless the“M”designation of this specification is specified in the order.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements forCarbon and Low Alloy Steel TubesE213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe andTubingE27
8、3 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone ofWelded Pipe and Tubing3.Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following,as required,to describe the desiredmaterial adequately:3.1.1 Quantity(feet,metres,or number of lengths),3.1.2 Name of material
9、(electric-resistance-welded tubes),3.1.3 Grade(A,C,or D,Table 1),3.1.4 Size(outside diameter and minimum wall thickness),3.1.5 Length(specific or random),3.1.6 Optional requirements(product analysis,Section 7;crush test,Section 10;hydrostatic or nondestructive electrictest,11.6),3.1.7 Test report re
10、quired(Certification Section of Specifi-cation A450/A450M),3.1.8 Specification designation,3.1.9 Individual supplementary requirements,if required,and3.1.10 Special requirements.4.Manufacture4.1 The steel for Grade D shall be killed.4.2 Tubes shall be made by electric-resistance welding.1This specif
11、ication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Sept.1,2012.Published November 2012.Originallyapproved in 1935.Last previous edition ap
12、proved in 2007 as A178/A178M 02(2007).DOI:10.1520/A0178_A0178M-02R12.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-178 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.o
13、rg.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1Copyrig
14、ht by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);5.Heat Treatment5.1 After welding,all tubes shall be heat treated at atemperature of 1650F 900C or higher and followed bycooling in air or in the cooling chamber of a controlled-atmosphere furnace.Cold-drawn tubes shall be heat treatedafter the final cold-draw pa
15、ss at a temperature of 1200F650C or higher.6.Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.6.2 When a grade is ordered under this specification,sup-plying an alloy grade that specifically requires the addition ofany element other
16、than those listed in Table 1 is not permitted.7.Product Analysis7.1 When requested on the purchase order,a product analy-sis shall be made by the manufacturer or supplier from one tubeper 100 pieces for sizes over 3 in.76.2 mm and one tube per250 pieces for sizes 3 in.76.2 mm and under;or when tubesare identified by heat,one tube per heat shall be analyzed.Thechemical composition thus determined shall conform to therequirements specified.7.2 If the original test for product analysis fails,retest
