1、Designation:D99610aStandard Terminology ofPackaging and Distribution Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D996;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parenthe
2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThe terms and definitions in this standard are grouped into related are
3、as under principal concepts.The broad descriptor term for each group is followed in alphabetical order by narrower terms andrelated terms.Cross-references are included where the concept group is not obvious.1.Scope1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions oftechnical terms used in the pac
4、kaging and distribution envi-ronments.Terms that are generally understood or adequatelyfound in other readily available sources are not included.1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-mation included in discussions.1.3 Definitions that are identical to those published byanother
5、standards organization or ASTM committee are iden-tified with the name of the organization or ASTM committee.1.4 The definitions in this terminology are grouped intorelated areas under principal concepts.The broad discriptorterm for each group is followed in alphabetical order bynarrower terms and r
6、elated terms.Cross-references are in-cluded where the concept group is not obvious.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C717 Terminology of Building Seals and SealantsD907 Terminology of AdhesivesD1596 Test Method for Dynamic Shock Cushioning Char-acteristics of Packaging MaterialD3288 Test Met
7、hods for Magnet-Wire EnamelsE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsG15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Test-ing(Withdrawn 2010)32.2 Federal Standard:PPP-F-320 Fiberboard,Corrugated and Solid,Sheet Stock(Container Grade),and Cut Shapes42.3 Other Standards:Uniform Freight Classification Rul
8、e 305National Motor Freight Classification63.Terminologyabsorbent packingSee packing.adhesive,na substance capable of holding materials togetherby surface attachment.DISCUSSIONAdhesive is the general term and includes amongothers,cement,glue,mucilage,and paste.All of these terms are looselyused inte
9、rchangeably.Various descriptive adjectives are applied to theterm adhesive to indicate certain characteristics as follows:(1)Physicalform,that is,liquid adhesive,tape adhesive,(2)Chemical type,that is,silicate adhesive,resin adhesive,(3)Materials bonded,that is,paperadhesive,metal-plastic adhesive,c
10、an label adhesive,and(4)Conditionsof use,that is,hot-setting adhesive(D907,D14).contact adhesive,nan adhesive that is apparently dry to thetouch and that will adhere to itself instantaneously uponcontact;also called contact bond adhesive or dry bond adhesive(D907,D14).aerosol packageSee package.ampo
11、ule,na hermetically sealed,small bulbous glass orplastic vessel.Opening is achieved by breaking the stem.(Also ampuleor ampul.)1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.11 on Terminology(definitions).Current edi
12、tion approved Dec.1,2010.Published January 2011.Originallyapproved in 1948.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D996 10.DOI:10.1520/D0996-10A.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards vo
13、lume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Superintendent of Documents,US Government Printing Office,Washington,DC 20402.5Available from Uniform Classification Co
14、mmittee,222 South Riverside Plaza,Chicago,IL 60606.6Available from National Classification Board,2200 Mill Road,Alexandria,VA22314.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 anchor,vto secure firmly(Webster).anti-skid plateSee loadin
15、g.available program,na qualifying term which can be used inthe definition of recyclable,reusable,refillable,returnable,compostable,establishing limits;for example,by populationand access within geographic area.DISCUSSIONThis term is an essential component of recyclable,reusable,refillable,returnable
16、,and compostable.Manufacturers shouldrefer to FTC Guidelines to ensure claims are not deceptive.Claimsshould be qualified with appropriate phrases such as the following:“Recyclable where facilities exist.Check to see if recycling facilitiesexist in your community.”“Recyclable where facilities exist.Collection programs have beenestablished in x%of the country.Check to determine if they exist inyour community.”“Compostable in centralized facilities.Check to see if compostingprograms exist in your
