1、Designation:E104010Standard Specification forPhysical Characteristics of Nonconcentrator TerrestrialPhotovoltaic Reference Cells1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1040;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revisio
2、n,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification describes the physical requirementsfor primary and secondary terrestrial nonconcentrator p
3、hoto-voltaic reference cells.A reference cell is defined as a devicethat meets the requirements of this specification and is cali-brated in accordance with Test Method E1125 or Test MethodE1362.1.2 Reference cells are used in the determination of theelectrical performance of photovoltaic devices,as
4、stated in TestMethods E948 and E1036.1.3 Two reference cell physical specifications are described:1.3.1 Small-Cell Package DesignA small,durable pack-age with a low thermal mass,wide optical field-of-view,andstandardized dimensions intended for photovoltaic devices upto 20 by 20 mm,and1.3.2 Module-P
5、ackage DesignA package intended tosimulate the optical and thermal properties of a photovoltaicmodule design,but electric connections are made to only onephotovoltaic cell in order to eliminate problems with calibrat-ing series and parallel connections of cells.Physical dimen-sions are not standardi
6、zed.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appr
7、o-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E772 Terminology of Solar Energy ConversionE948 Test Method for Electrical Performance of Photovol-taic Cells Using Reference Cells Under Simulated S
8、un-lightE1036 Test Methods for Electrical Performance of Noncon-centrator Terrestrial Photovoltaic Modules and ArraysUsing Reference CellsE1125 Test Method for Calibration of Primary Non-Concentrator Terrestrial Photovoltaic Reference Cells Us-ing a Tabular SpectrumE1328 Terminology Relating to Phot
9、ovoltaic Solar EnergyConversion(Withdrawn 2012)3E1362 Test Method for Calibration of Non-ConcentratorPhotovoltaic Secondary Reference Cells2.2 Military Specification Sheet:4MS3106C Connector,Plug,Electric,Straight,SolderContracts,AN Type3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in th
10、isspecification,see Terminologies E772 and E1328.4.Classification4.1 Two types of reference cells are used in the evaluationof the electrical performance of photovoltaic terrestrial de-vices:4.1.1 Primary Reference CellsReference cells calibrateddirectly in sunlight in accordance with Test Method E1
11、125.4.1.2 Secondary Reference CellsReference cells cali-brated against a primary reference cell in accordance with TestMethod E1362.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E44 on Solar,Geothermal and OtherAlternative Energy Sources and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommit
12、tee E44.09 on Photovoltaic Electric Power Conversion.Current edition approved June 1,2010.Published July 2010.Originally approvedin 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1040 05.DOI:10.1520/E1040-10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer
13、Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Superintendent of Documents,U.S.Government PrintingOffice
14、,N.Capital and H Streets,NW,Washington,DC 20401.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.2 The two types are not physically or electrically different,but are different in their manner of calibration.Hereafter in thisspecification
15、,both types of reference cells will be consideredalike and referred to only as reference cells.5.Materials and Manufacture5.1 Requirements for Both Reference Cell Designs:5.1.1 Product Marking A label,identification mark,orserial number shall be permanently stamped or scribed on thereference-cell ho
16、lder.This product marking shall identify thedevice for reference to other documentation containing elec-trical and mechanical data,including information such as thecell material and manufacturer.5.1.2 The reference cell shall be constructed using a singlephotovoltaic cell.Note that in the case of the module-packagedesign,additional cells inside the package are allowed,but arenot connected electrically.5.2 Small-Cell Package Design:5.2.1 The small-cell package design is documented in theliteratur
