1、Designation:E211408Standard Terminology forSustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2114;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A
2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This terminology2consists of terms and definitionspertaining to sustainable development and,in particular,tosustainability relative to the
3、 performance of buildings.1.2 The purpose of this terminology is to provide meaningsand explanations of terms applicable to sustainable develop-ment.In the interest of common understanding andstandardization,consistent word usage is encouraged to helpeliminate the major barrier to effective technica
4、l communica-tion.1.3 It is recommended that terms used only within anindividual standard,and having a meaning unique to thatstandard,be defined or explained in the terminology section ofthat individual standard.1.4 Certain standard definitions herein are adopted fromother sources.Each is an exact co
5、py.The source is identified atthe right margin following the definition and is listed in Section2.1.5 Terms are listed in alphabetical sequence.Compoundterms appear in the natural spoken order.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheres
6、E631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE833 Terminology of Building EconomicsE943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-ronmental FateE1705 Terminology Relating to Biotechnology2.2 ISO Standard:4ISO 14040 Life Cycle AssessmentPrinciples and Frame-work3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:alt
7、ernative agricultural products,nbio-based industrialproducts(non-food,non-feed)manufactured from agricul-tural materials and animal by-products.alternative energy,nsee renewable energy.bioaccumulation,nthe net accumulation of a substance byan organism as a result of uptake from all environmentalsour
8、ces.(E943)biobased products,nproducts fabricated from alternativeagricultural materials and forestry materials,or both.biodegradable,adjcapable of decomposing under naturalconditions into elements found in nature.biodiversity,nthe variability among living organisms fromall sources including:terrestr
9、ial,marine,and other aquaticecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they area part;this includes diversity within species,between speciesand of ecosystems.biological control agents,nliving organisms used to elimi-nate or regulate the population of other living organisms.biological diversity
10、,nseebiodiversity.biomagnification,nthe increase in tissue concentration ofpoorly depurated materials in organisms along a series ofpredator-prey associations,primarily through the mechanismof dietary accumulation.(E943)biomass,n(1)All living material in a given area.(2)Anymaterial which is or was a
11、 living organism or excreted froma microorganism.DISCUSSIONIt often refers to vegetation.building,n(1)A shelter comprising a partially or totallyenclosed space,erected by means of a planned process of1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E60 onSustainability and is the direct
12、 responsibility of Subcommittee E60.01 on Buildingsand Construction.Current edition approved Nov.1,2008.Published December 2008.Originallyapproved in 2000.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E2114 06a.DOI:10.1520/E2114-08.2Boldfaced terms are defined in this terminology.3For referenced ASTM st
13、andards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New Y
14、ork,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 forming and combining materials.(2)The act or process ofconstructing.(E631)building performan
15、ce,nthe behavior in service of construc-tion as a whole,or of the building components.(E631)building related illness,BRI,ndiagnosable illness of whichcause and symptoms can be directly attributed to a specificpollutant source within a building(for example,Legion-naires disease,hypersensitivity,pneum
16、onitis).BRI differsfrom sick building syndrome(SBS)conditions because thesymptoms of the disease persist alter leaving the building,unlike SBS where the occupant experiences relief shortlyafter leaving the building.carrying capacity,nThe theoretical maximum population ofa biological organism that an ecosystem can sustain indefi-nitely.DISCUSSIONWhile the existence of a carrying capacity for a givenspecies in a given ecosystem is commonly recognized,the specificnumber or range established as the
