1、Designation:E185004(Reapproved 2012)Standard Guide forSelection of Resident Species as Test Organisms forAquatic and Sediment Toxicity Tests1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1850;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the cas
2、e of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide along with Guide E1192 and guidance fromthe U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(1,2)2c
3、overs theuse of resident species in toxicity testing,particularly ifsite-specific information is desired.For example,in thosesystems where particular species are considered to be economi-cally or aesthetically important,it might be more appropriate toutilize resident species for testing(3).For this
4、reason,theUSEPA allowsdevelopmentofsite-specificchemicalstandards,using resident species,in order to reflect localconditions(1).This guide is designed to guide the selection ofresident species for use as test organisms in aquatic andsediment toxicity tests.It presupposes that the user is familiarwit
5、h the taxonomy of aquatic and benthic species and has somefield experience.1.2 Because toxicological information is often limited formany aquatic species,it is assumed that the majority of testingapplications will be acute tests.Therefore,much of theguidance presented in this guide pertaining to the
6、 speciesselection process is applicable when acute toxicity testing is thedesired goal.However,the principles discussed in this guidepertain to chronic toxicity test applications as well,although itshould be clearly understood that such testing requires substan-tially greater effort,time,and resourc
7、es than acute testing.1.3 The procedures for selecting resident species in toxicitytesting are necessarily general at this time because informationis often lacking for specific taxa or groups of taxa.This guideattempts to give specific information when appropriate.1.4 This guide is not intended to b
8、e inclusive.Referenceslisted provide a starting point from which to approach theliterature.This guide deals solely with aquatic toxicity testsituations.Terrestrial,arboreal,or atmospheric species are notconsidered in this guide.1.5 This guide is arranged as follows:SectionScope1Referenced Documents2
9、Terminology3Summary of Guide4Significance and Use5Species Selection Process6Collection of Information6.1Obtaining Resident Species for Toxicity Testing6.2Criteria for Selection6.3Test Performance Characterization6.4Interferences7Safety Precautions8Documentation9Keywords10AppendixesPotential Test Spe
10、ciesAppendix X1AlgaeX1.1Aquatic Floating MacrophytesX1.2ProtozoaX1.3RotiferaX1.4Attached and Benthic FaunaX1.5FishX1.6AmphibiaX1.7Examples of Resident SpeciesTable X1.1Taxonomic KeysPartial ListingAppendix X2Flow Chart of Factors to Consider For Selecting AResident SpeciesAppendix X31.6 This standar
11、d does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.All safety precau-tions and health
12、-related practices are the responsibility of theuser.Specific safety practices are suggested in Section 8.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E50 on EnvironmentalAssessment,Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibil-ity of Subcommittee E50.47 on Biological
13、 Effects and Environmental Fate.Current edition approved Dec.1,2012.Published January 2013.Originallyapproved in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E185004.DOI:10.1520/E1850-04R12.2The boldface numbers given in parentheses refer to a list of references at theend of the text.Copyright AST
14、M International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D4229 Practice for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Testson Waste-Waters with Daphnia(Withdrawn 1988)4D4401 Practice for Collecting Benthic MacroinvertebratesWit
15、h Petersen Grab Sampler(Withdrawn 2003)4D4407 Practice for Collecting Benthic MacroinvertebratesWith Orange Peel Grab Sampler(Withdrawn 2003)4D4556 Guide for Selecting Stream-Net Sampling Devicesfor Collecting Benthic Macroinvertebrates(Withdrawn2003)4D4557 Practice for Collecting Benthic Macroinver
16、tebrateswith Surber and Related Type Samplers(Withdrawn2003)4D4558 Practice for Collecting Benthic MacroinvertebratesWith Drift Nets(Withdrawn 2003)4E724 Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity TestsStarting with Embryos of Four Species of SaltwaterBivalve MolluscsE729 Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on TestMaterials with Fishes,Macroinvertebrates,and Amphib-iansE1191 Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests withSaltwater MysidsE1192 Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests o
