1、Designation:E242211Standard Digital Reference Images forInspection of Aluminum Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2422;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 These digital reference images illustrate the types anddegrees of discontinuities that may be found in aluminum-alloycastings.The castings illustrate
3、d are in thicknesses of14in.(6.35 mm)and34in.(19.1mm).1.2 All areas of this standard may be open to agreementbetween the cognizant engineering organization and thesupplier,or specific direction from the cognizant engineeringorganization.These items should be addressed in the purchaseorder or the con
4、tract.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 These digital reference images are not intended toillustrate the types and d
5、egrees of discontinuities found inaluminum-alloy castings when performing film radiography.Ifperforming film radiography of aluminum-alloy castings,referto Reference Radiographs E155.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is therespo
6、nsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 Only licensed copies of the software and images shall beutilized for production inspection.A copy of the ASTM/Userlicense agreement
7、 shall be kept on file for audit purposes.NOTE1The set of digital reference images consists of 13 digital files,software to load the desired format and specific instructions on the loadingprocess.The 13 reference images illustrate eight grades of severity andcontain an image of a step wedge and two
8、line pair gauges.Available fromASTM International Headquarters,Order No:RRE02422.Refer toPractice E2002 for line pair gauge details.NOTE2Reference radiographs applicable to aluminum and magne-sium die castings up to 1 in.(25 mm)in thickness are contained inReference Radiographs E505.2.Referenced Doc
9、uments2.1 ASTM Standards:2E155 Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminumand Magnesium CastingsE505 Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminumand Magnesium Die CastingsE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE2002 Practice for Determining Total Image Unsharpness inRadiologyE2446
10、 Practice for Classification of Computed RadiologySystemsE2597 Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digi-tal Detector Arrays2.2 SMPTE Practice:3RP133 SMPTE Recommended Practice Specifications forMedical Diagnostic Imaging Test Pattern for TelevisionMonitors and Hard-Copy Recording Cameras2
11、.3 ASTM Adjuncts:Digital Reference Images for Inspection of AluminumCastings43.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms used in this standardmay be found in Terminology E1316.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 The terms relating to discontinuities used in thesedigital ref
12、erence images are described based upon radiographicappearance.3.2.2 aliasingartifacts that appear in an image when thespatial frequency of the input is higher than the output iscapable of reproducing.This will often appear as jagged orstepped sections in a line or as moir patterns.3.2.3 contrast nor
13、malizationthe adjustment of contrastbetween the production image and the reference image that1This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.02 onReference Radiological Images.Current edition approved Dec.
14、1,2011.Published December 2011.Originallyapproved in 2005.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E2422-05.DOI:10.1520/E2422-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,
15、refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers,3 BarkerAvenue White Plains,NY 10601;or http:/www.smpte.org/smpte_store/4Available from ASTM International Headquarters.Order Reference Radio-graph No.RRE2422.*A Summary
16、 of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 makes the change in digital driving level versus change inthickness equal for both images.3.2.4 DDLdigital driving level also known as monitorpixel value.3.2.5 foreign materialsappear as isolated,irregular,orelongated variations in brightness,not corresponding to varia-tions in thickness of material,nor to cavities.They may be dueto
