1、Designation:E 1895 9704An American National StandardStandard Guide forDetermining Uses and Limitations of Deterministic FireModels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1895;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revi
2、sion,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide provides a methodology for the systematic evaluation of fire models,which may be used in fire
3、hazard analyses.1.2 This guide provides a means of identifying both general and specific limitations of fire models for specific applications.1.3 This guide is intended to assist model developers,model users,and authorities having jurisdiction in assuming theresponsible use of fire models.1.4 This s
4、tandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1This guide is under the juris
5、diction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.33 on Fire Safety Engineering.Current edition approved July 10,1997.February 1,2004.Published November March 2004.Originally approved in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 1997 asE 1895-97.1This
6、document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version.Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately,ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions a
7、s appropriate.In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 176 Terminology o
8、f Fire StandardsE 603 Guide for Room Fire ExperimentsE 1355 Guide for Evaluating the Predictive Capability of Fire ModelsE 1472 Guide for Documenting Computer Software for Fire ModelsE 1474 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components of Composit
9、esUsing a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption CalorimeterE 1546 Guide for Development of Fire-Hazard-Assessment StandardsE 1591 Guide for Data for Fire Models2.2Other Documents:An Updated International Survey of Computer Models for Fire and Smoke,Raymond Friedman,Factory Mutual Smoke3NIST Handbook 146,Te
10、chnical Reference Guide for the Hazard I Fire Hazard Assessment4Technical Reference Guide for FPE Tool,Version 3.2,NISTIR 54864The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering,2nd 3rdEdition,Section 3,Chapter 1553.Terminology3.1 Definitions Definitions used in this guide are in accordance with Termi
11、nologies in E 176,unless otherwise indicated.4.Significance and Use4.1 This guide provides recommendations for fire model users and authorities having jurisdiction in establishing the limitationsof fire models in fire risk and fire hazards assessments.The guide also makes recommendations for fire mo
12、del developers toidentify appropriate uses and limitations of their model.4.2 This guide is intended to assist in evaluating the appropriate use of fire models in fire assessment.These types of assessmentsare employed in product development,as well as in design and construction.Further guidance can
13、be found in Guide E-1546.4.3 This guide is not intended to address all or limit any methods of evaluating proper use of a fire model.It does address theuse of fire models in fire hazard assessment.Other uses of fire models include post-fire analysis,research,education,and litigation.4.4 The primary
14、emphasis of this guide is on both zone models and computational fluid dynamics models of compartment fires.However,other types of mathematical models need similar evaluations of their prediction capabilities.5.Guidance for Model Users5.1 A model users first step should be to define the scope of the
15、intended fire risk or fire hazard assessment,or both,and thendetermine if fire modeling is an appropriate tool to provide information for the decision making process.5.2 The user should then determine what models are available for use.Some are proprietary or not otherwise accessible.5.2.1 The abilit
16、y of the users computer hardware,considering the size and complexity of the assessment,will also limit whatfire models can be used.5.2.2 A Factory Mutual report entitled“Survey of Computer Models for Fire and Smoke”provides a listing of fire modelsavailable in 1994.5.3 For those models being considered,procure the available documentation and determine if it adequately addresses the issuesdescribed in Guide E 1472.5.4 The user should then determine which model(s)fit the requirements of the assess
