1、Designation:D714813An American National StandardStandard Test Method forDetermining the Ionic Resistivity(ER)of Alkaline BatterySeparator Using a Carbon Electrode in an Electrolyte BathMeasuring System1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7148;the number immediately following the des
2、ignation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the pretreat
3、ment,testconditions,apparatus,and procedure to determine the ionicresistivity,commonly referred to in the battery industry aselectrical resistance(ER)of an alkaline battery separatorimmersed in an electrolyte of 40%potassium hydroxide(KOH).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thes
4、tandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenc
5、ed Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation2.2 Battery Council International:Standard Test Method for Determining the Electrical Resis-tance of a Battery Separator Using a Palico MeasuringSystem,Section 3.3b33.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to Th
6、is Standard:3.1.1 barrier resistance(RB),nthe resistance of the bathwith a solid,nonporous sheet of alkaline resistant,electricalinsulation that separates the electrodes.3.1.2 bath resistance(RC),nthe resistance of the bathwithout the specimen(separator).3.1.3 bath resistance(RT),nthe total electric
7、al resistanceof the bath and a separator specimen.3.1.4 battery separator,nan ion-permeable,nonconduc-tive material that prevents electrical contact between electrodesof opposite polarity.3.1.5 electrolyte,na 40%potassium hydroxide solution.3.1.6 ionic resisitivity(ER),nthe product of a change inele
8、ctrical resistance times an area.3.1.6.1 DiscussionThe area is the aperture area divided bythe number of separators between the electrodes.The change inresistance is the difference,in ohms,of the electrical resistancewith and without the seperator(s).The SI units for ER areohms-metre2but the customa
9、ry practice in the battery industryis to report the ER in units of ohms-cm2.It should be noted thatthis terminology is not in conflict with Terminology D1711.3.2 Symbols:3.2.1 ERa symbol,peculiar to the battery industry,denot-ing that characteristic of a sheet material that is related to therate of
10、transfer of ions through the interstices of a porous sheetimmersed between two carbon electrodes in an aqueouselectroyte.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method detects small changes in ohmic resis-tance between carbon electrodes immersed in an alkalineelectrolyte with and without separator mat
11、erial between thecarbon electrodes.This change is related to the rate of transferof ions through a separator material.The ER is calculated fromthe fixed aperture area.The sensitivity and resolution of theapparatus detects electrical resistance changes of 60.1%.1This test method is under the jurisdic
12、tion of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.19 on Dielectric Sheet and Roll Products.Current edition approved Nov.1,2013.Published January 2014.Last previousedition approved in 2011 as D714807(2011).DOI:10.1520/D7148
13、-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Battery Council International,330 N.Wabash Ave
14、.,Ste.2000,Chicago,IL 60611.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Significance and Use5.1 The ER of a battery separator is a standard measurementused by separator and battery manufacturers for quality controlpurposes and separ
15、ator selection.5.2 Separator ER and the separators interaction with theelectrolyte,that is resistance to wetting or flow,will contributeto the internal resistance of the battery and this can potentiallylimit the electrical output of a battery.The ER determination isa tool for battery manufacturers t
16、o use in design,materialselection,and performance specifications.5.3 The change in the bath electrical resistance imparted bya separator is affected by the porosity,thickness,and tortuous-ity of the pore structure of the separator,the wettability of theseparator to the electrolyte,and the temperature and concen-tration of the electrolyte.5.4 Incomplete wetting or saturation of the pore structurelimits the lowest ER value obtainable from a separator struc-ture.Separators are pretreated to assure
